有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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1,3,5-三氟苯 | 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene | 372-38-3 | C6H3F3 |
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1,3,5-三氟-2,4,6-tri碘苯 | 1,3,5-trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene | 84322-56-5 | C6F3I3 |
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1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三甲酸三乙酯 | triethyl 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-tricarboxylate | 898-22-6 | C12H15N3O6 |
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1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮的化合物 | 2,4-diamino-6-[2-(2-methyl-1-imidazolyl)ethyl]-1,3,5-triazine isocyanuric acid | 68490-66-4 | C3H3N3O3*C9H13N7 |
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1,3,5-三嗪 | 1,3,5-Triazine | 290-87-9 | C3H3N3 |
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1,3,5-三叔丁基苯 | 1,3,5-Tri-tert-butylbenzene | 1460-02-2 | C18H30 |
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1,3,5-三[4-(溴甲基)苯基]苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-bromomethylphenyl)benzene | 42837-44-5 | C27H21Br3 |
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1,3,5-三[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮 | tris-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]isocyanurate | 26115-70-8 | C21H45N3O12Si3 |
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1,3,5-三S(2-甲氧基-2-丙基)苯 | 1,3,5-tri(2-methoxyisopropyl)benzene | 109888-72-4 | C18H30O3 |
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1,3,5-三-(4-溴-1,1'-二苯基-4'-基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)benzene | 685114-64-1 | C42H27Br3 |
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1,3,5-三(羧基甲氧基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(carboxymethoxy)benzene | 215162-34-8 | C12H12O9 |
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1,3,5-三(碘甲基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(iodomethyl)benzene | 90678-60-7 | C9H9I3 |
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1,3,5-三(甲胺基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene | 77372-56-6 | C9H15N3 |
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1,3,5-三(溴甲基)苯 | 1,3,5-Tris(bromomethyl)benzene | 18226-42-1 | C9H9Br3 |
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1,3,5-三(溴甲基)-2,4,6-三乙基苯 | 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene | 181058-08-2 | C15H21Br3 |
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1,3,5-三(二甲基胺丙基)-1,3,5-六氢化三嗪 | 3,3',3''-(1,3,5-triazinane-1,3,5-triyl)tris(N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine) | 15875-13-5 | C18H42N6 |
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1,3,5-三(三氟甲基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 729-81-7 | C9H3F9 |
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1,3,5-三(N,N-二苯基氨基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(diphenylamino)benzene | 126717-23-5 | C42H33N3 |
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1,3,5-三(4′-羧基[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)苯 | 4,4',4"-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tris(benzene-4,1-diyl))tribenzoic acid | 911818-75-2 | C45H30O6 |
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1,3,5-三(4-羟基苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzene | 15797-52-1 | C24H18O3 |
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1,3,5-三(4-碘苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-iodophenyl)benzene | 151417-38-8 | C24H15I3 |
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1,3,5-三(4-硝基苯氧基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4'-nitrophenoxy)benzene | 102852-91-5 | C24H15N3O9 |
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1,3,5-三(4-氨苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene | 118727-34-7 | C24H21N3 |
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1,3,5-三(4-氟苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-florophenyl)benzene | 448-60-2 | C24H15F3 |
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1,3,5-三(4-吡啶-3-基苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris[4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]benzene | 921205-02-9 | C39H27N3 |
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1,3,5-三(4-乙炔基苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(4-ethynylphenyl)benzene | 71866-86-9 | C30H18 |
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1,3,5-三(3-甲基苯基苯基氨基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]benzene | 138143-23-4 | C45H39N3 |
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1,3,5-三(3,5-二溴苯基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(3,5-dibromophenyl)benzene | 29102-67-8 | C24H12Br6 |
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1,3,5-三(2-羟乙基)氰尿酸 | 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-S-triazine-2,4,6-trione | 839-90-7 | C9H15N3O6 |
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1,3,5-三(2-氯乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮 | 1,3,5-tri(2-chloroethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione | 6299-37-2 | C9H12Cl3N3O3 |
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1,3,5-三(2-噻吩基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(2-thienyl)benzene | 15509-95-2 | C18H12S3 |
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1,3,5-三(1H-苯并[D]咪唑-2-基)苯 | 1,3,5-tris(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzene | 351437-96-2 | C27H18N6 |
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1,3,5,7-金刚烷四羧酸 | 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid | 100884-80-8 | C14H16O8 |
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1,3,5,7-四苯基金刚烷 | 1,3,5,7-tetraphenyladamantane | 16004-75-4 | C34H32 |
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1,3,5,7-四甲基-6-苯基-2,4,8-三氧杂-6-磷酰金刚烷 | 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-phenyl-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane | 97739-46-3 | C16H21O3P |
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1,3,5,7-四溴金刚烷 | 1,3,5,7-tetrabromoadamantane | 7314-86-5 | C10H12Br4 |
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1,3,5,7-四(4-碘苯基)金刚烷 | 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-iodophenyl)adamantane | 144970-30-9 | C34H28I4 |
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1,3,5,7-四(4-溴苯基)金刚烷 | 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)adamantane | 144970-36-5 | C34H28Br4 |
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1,3,4-噻二唑-2-甲醇-5-溴 | (5-bromo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methanol | 1339055-00-3 | C3H3BrN2OS |
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1,3,4-噁二唑-2-胺 | 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine | 3775-60-8 | C2H3N3O |
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1,3,4-三苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-5-亚基 | (1,3,4)-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene | 166773-08-6 | C20H15N3 |
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1,3,4,5-四氢-苯并[B][1,4]二氮杂革-2-酮 | 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one | 5755-07-7 | C9H10N2O |
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1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-1-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮 | 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzo[b]azepin-2-one | 4424-80-0 | C10H11NO |
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1,3,3-三甲基吲哚啉-6’-(1-哌啶基)螺吩恶嗪 | 6'-piperidine-1,3,3-trimethylspiro(indoline-2,3'[3H]naphth[2,1-b][1,4]oxazine) | 114747-45-4 | C27H29N3O |
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1,3,3,3-四氟-1-丙烯 | 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-propene | 1645-83-6 | C3H2F4 |
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1,3,2-二噁噻戊环,4-丁基-,2,2-二氧化 | 4-butyl-2,2-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxathiolane | 105942-21-0 | C6H12O4S |
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1,2一二乙氧基乙烷 | 1,2-Diethoxy-ethylen | 16484-86-9 | C6H12O2 |
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1,2:5,6-二-o-异亚丙基-alpha-d-ribo-3-己呋喃核糖 | 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-hexofuran-3-ulose | 2847-00-9 | C12H18O6 |
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1,21-二十一烷二醇 | henicosane-1,21-diol | 95008-70-1 | C21H44O2 |
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1,20-二十烷二醇 | 1,20-eicosanediol | 7735-43-5 | C20H42O2 |
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