有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-(甲硫基)-4-氯-6-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate | 583878-42-6 | C9H11ClN2O2S |
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2-(甲硫基)-2-咪唑啉 | 2-methylthioimidazoline | 20112-79-2 | C4H8N2S |
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2-(甲砜基)乙胺盐酸盐 | 2-(methylsulfonyl)ethylamine hydrochloride | 104458-24-4 | C3H9NO2S*ClH |
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2-(甲氧羰基)-5-硝基-1H-吡咯 | methyl 5-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate | 13138-73-3 | C6H6N2O4 |
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2-(甲氧基甲氧基)三氟甲苯 | 2-(methoxymethoxy)-1-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 336628-65-0 | C9H9F3O2 |
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2-(甲氧基甲基)苯-1,4-二胺 | 2-methoxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine | 337906-36-2 | C8H12N2O |
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2-(甲氧基甲基)吡咯烷 | 2-methoxymethylpyrrolidine | 76946-27-5 | C6H13NO |
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2-(甲基磺酰基)-2,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(4H)-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-5(4H)-carboxylate | 1226781-82-3 | C11H17N3O4S |
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2-(甲基硫代)苯并咪唑 | 2-(methylthio)benzimidazole | 7152-24-1 | C8H8N2S |
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2-(甲基氨基)乙酰胺盐酸盐 | N-methylglycinamide hydrochloride | 5325-64-4 | C3H8N2O*ClH |
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2-(甲基氨基)-3-硝基苯甲酸 | 2-(methylamino)-3-nitrobenzoic acid | 124341-38-4 | C8H8N2O4 |
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2-(甲基氨基)-2-苯基丁基3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸盐酸盐 | 2-(Methylamino)-2-phenylbutyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride | 294882-33-0 | C21H28ClNO5 |
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2-(甲基氨)三氟甲苯 | N-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline | 14925-10-1 | C8H8F3N |
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2-(甲基氧基)-4-[4-(4-吗啉)-1-哌啶基]苯胺 | 2-methoxy-4-(4-morpholinopiperidin-1-yl)aniline | 761440-91-9 | C16H25N3O2 |
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2-(甲基巯基)苯基碘化锌 | iodozinc(1+),methylsulfanylbenzene | 308796-24-9 | C7H7ISZn |
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2-(甲基巯基)-2-噻唑啉 | 2-methylsulfanyl-4,5-dihydrothiazoline | 19975-56-5 | C4H7NS2 |
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2-(特戊酰氧基)乙酸 | 2-(pivaloyloxy)acetic acid | 89941-82-2 | C7H12O4 |
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2-(烯丙氧基)苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 2-allyloxybenzoate | 6282-42-4 | C11H12O3 |
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2-(烯丙氧基)-2-氧代乙酸 | Oxo[(prop-2-en-1-yl)oxy]acetate | 87024-25-7 | C5H5O4- |
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2-(溴甲基)苯甲醛 | 2-(bromomethyl)benzaldehyde | 60633-91-2 | C8H7BrO |
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2-(溴甲基)苄醇 | (2-(bromomethyl)phenyl)methanol | 74785-02-7 | C8H9BrO |
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2-(溴甲基)噻吩并[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 2-Bromomethylthieno<3,2-d>pyrimidine | 77294-18-9 | C7H5BrN2S |
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2-(溴甲基)哌啶 | 2-bromomethylpiperidine | 408340-10-3 | C6H12BrN |
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2-(溴甲基)-5-氰基苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 2-(bromomethyl)-5-cyanobenzoate | 421551-82-8 | C10H8BrNO2 |
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2-(溴甲基)-2-丁基己酸 | 2-(bromomethyl)-2-butylhexanoic acid | 100048-86-0 | C11H21BrO2 |
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2-(溴乙酰基)-6-甲氧基萘 | 2-bromo-1-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)ethanone | 10262-65-4 | C13H11BrO2 |
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2-(溴乙酰基)-1,3-噻唑 | 2-bromo-1-thiazol-2-yl-ethanone | 3292-77-1 | C5H4BrNOS |
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2-(氰基甲基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | N-Boc-2-cyanomethylpyrrolidine | 1092352-11-8 | C11H18N2O2 |
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2-(氯甲氧基)乙酸乙酯 | 1-acetoxy-2-chloromethoxyethane | 40510-88-1 | C5H9ClO3 |
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2-(氯甲基)萘 | 2-chloromethylnaphthalene | 2506-41-4 | C11H9Cl |
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2-(氯甲基)苯胺盐酸盐 | 2-aminobenzylchloride hydrochloride | 88301-81-9 | C7H8ClN*ClH |
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2-(氯甲基)苯甲酸 | o-chloromethyl benzoic acid | 85888-81-9 | C8H7ClO2 |
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2-(氯甲基)苯基异氰酸酯 | 1-(chloromethyl)-2-isocyanatobenzene | 52986-66-0 | C8H6ClNO |
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2-(氯甲基)环硫乙烷 | 2-(chloromethyl)thiirane | 3221-15-6 | C3H5ClS |
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2-(氯甲基)噻吩并[3,2-D]嘧啶 | 2-Chloromethylthieno<3,2-d>pyrimidine | 77294-17-8 | C7H5ClN2S |
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2-(氯甲基)喹唑啉 | 2-chloromethylquinazoline | 6148-18-1 | C9H7ClN2 |
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2-(氯甲基)-9-甲基-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮 | 2-(chloromethyl)-9-methyl-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one | 796067-44-2 | C10H9ClN2O |
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2-(氯甲基)-4-氟-1,3-苯并噻唑 | 2-Chloromethyl-4-fluoro-benzothiazole | 110704-21-7 | C8H5ClFNS |
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2-(氯甲基)-3,5-二氟 | 2-(chloromethyl)-3,5-difluoropyridine | 1222633-85-3 | C6H4ClF2N |
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2-(氯甲基)-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | 1-Boc-2-chloromethylbenzimidazole | 163798-87-6 | C13H15ClN2O2 |
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2-(氯甲基)-1-甲基哌啶 | 2-(chloromethyl)-N-methyl-piperidine | 49665-74-9 | C7H14ClN |
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2-(氯甲基)-1-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑 | 2-chloromethyl-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole | 4760-35-4 | C9H9ClN2 |
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2-(氯甲基)-1-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯 | 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethylbenzyl chloride | 1001096-10-1 | C8H5ClF4 |
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2-(氨基羰基)苯基乙酸酯 | O-acetylsalicylamide | 5663-71-8 | C9H9NO3 |
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2-(氨基甲基)苯酚 | 2-hydroxybenzylamine acetate | 1206675-01-5 | C2H4O2*C7H9NO |
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2-(氨基甲基)苯甲酸盐酸盐 | 2-(aminomethyl)benzoic acid hydrochloride | 10017-39-7 | C8H9NO2*ClH |
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2-(氨基甲基)苄醇 | 2-(hydroxymethyl)benzylamine | 4152-92-5 | C8H11NO |
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2-(氨基甲基)-5-(4-甲基噻唑-5-基)苯酚 | 2-(aminomethyl)-5-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)phenol | 1448190-11-1 | C11H12N2OS |
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2-(氨基氧基)乙酸 | aminooxyacetic acid | 645-88-5 | C2H5NO3 |
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2-(氨基亚氨基甲基)苯并[b]噻吩-6-基 2-噻吩羧酸酯甲磺酸盐 (1:1) | BCX 1470 methanesulfonate | 217099-44-0 | CH4O3S*C14H10N2O2S2 |
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