有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(S)-1-(4-氰基苯基)乙醇 | (S)-4-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzonitrile | 101219-71-0 | C9H9NO |
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(S)-1-(4-氯苯基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-α-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylamine hydrochloride | 56782-68-4 | C8H10ClN*ClH |
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(S)-1-(4-氯苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylamine | 4187-56-8 | C8H10ClN |
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(S)-1-(4-吡啶基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(4-pyridyl)ethylamine | 27854-96-2 | C7H10N2 |
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(S)-1-(3-硝基苯基)乙醇 | (S)-1-(3-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-ol | 103966-65-0 | C8H9NO3 |
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(S)-1-(3-溴苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanamine | 139305-96-7 | C8H10BrN |
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(S)-1-(3-氯苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanamine | 68297-62-1 | C8H10ClN |
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(S)-1-(3-氯苯基)-1,3-丙二醇 | (S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)propane-1,3-diol | 625095-57-0 | C9H11ClO2 |
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(S)-1-(3-氟苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(3-fluorophenyl)ethylamine | 444643-09-8 | C8H10FN |
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(S)-1-(2-硝基苯基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-1-(2-Nitrophenyl)ethanamine hydrochloride | 1113041-80-7 | C42H47BrN5O5Pol |
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(S)-1-(2-甲氧苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethanamine | 68285-24-5 | C9H13NO |
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(S)-1-(2-溴苯基)乙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-1-(2-bromophenyl)ethanaminium chloride | 1187931-26-5 | C8H10BrN*ClH |
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(S)-1-(2-氯苯基)乙醇 | (S)-1-(2'-chlorophenyl)ethanol | 131864-71-6 | C8H9ClO |
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(S)-1-(2-氟苯基)乙醇 | (1S)-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol | 171032-87-4 | C8H9FO |
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(S)-1-(2-氟苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethylamine | 68285-25-6 | C8H10FN |
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(S)-1,4-二氧己环烷-2-甲胺 | (S)-(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)methanamine | 1337470-52-6 | C5H11NO2 |
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(S)-1,2-二氢乙酰萘-1-醇 | (S)-1-acenaphthenol | 121961-98-6 | C12H10O |
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(S)-1,2-丁二醇 | (2S)-1,2-butanediol | 73522-17-5 | C4H10O2 |
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(S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-3-异喹啉羧酸叔丁酯盐酸盐 | (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarboxylic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester | 77497-74-6 | C14H19NO2 |
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(S)-1,1,1-三氟异丙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-amine hydrochloride | 125353-44-8 | C3H6F3N*ClH |
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(S)-(?)-4-叔丁基-2-噁唑烷酮 | (S)-4-tert-butyloxazolidin-2-one | 54705-42-9 | C7H13NO2 |
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(S)-(4-苄基哌嗪-2-基)甲醇 | (S)-4-(phenylmethyl)-2-piperazinemethanol | 149715-45-7 | C12H18N2O |
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(S)-(4-n-boc-氨基-2-氧代-吡咯烷-1-基)-乙酸 | (S)-4-<<(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl>amino>-2-oxopyrrolidine-1-acetic acid | 135415-24-6 | C11H18N2O5 |
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(S)-(3-苯氧基苯基)羟基乙腈 | (S)-m-phenoxybenzaldehyde cyanohydrin | 61826-76-4 | C14H11NO2 |
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(S)-(3-氯苯基)-3-羟基丙酸 | (S)-(-)-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid | 625095-56-9 | C9H9ClO3 |
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(S)-(1-(2-溴苯基)乙基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | (S)-N-Boc-2'-bromo-α-methylbenzylamine | 1187932-11-1 | C13H18BrNO2 |
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(S)-(1,4-二甲基哌嗪-2-基)甲醇 | 1,4-dimethyl-(S)-2-hydroxymethylpiperazine | 1159598-12-5 | C7H16N2O |
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(S)-(-)-碳酸丙烯酯 | (S)-propylene carbonate | 51260-39-0 | C4H6O3 |
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(S)-(-)-对甲氧基苯乙醇 | (S)-1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethanol | 1572-97-0 | C9H12O2 |
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(S)-(-)-α,α-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-四氢吡咯甲醇 | (S)-α,α-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol | 131180-57-9 | C19H23NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-N-苄基-1-苯基-乙胺 | (S)-N-benzyl-1-phenylethylamine | 17480-69-2 | C15H17N |
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(S)-(-)-N-甲基-1-苯基乙胺 | (S)-N-methyl-1-phenylethylamine | 19131-99-8 | C9H13N |
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(S)-(-)-N-[1-(羟甲基)-2-苯基乙基]-4-甲基苯磺酰胺 | (2S)-2-p-toluenesulfonamido-3-phenylpropanol | 82495-70-3 | C16H19NO3S |
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(S)-(-)-N-Z-吖丙啶-2-羧酸甲酯 | (S)-2-methoxycarbonyl-1-benzyloxycarbonylaziridine | 104597-98-0 | C12H13NO4 |
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(S)-(-)-N-(三氟乙酰基)吡咯烷-2-羰酰氯 | (S)-N-(trifluoroacetyl)prolyl chloride | 36724-68-2 | C7H7ClF3NO2 |
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(S)-(-)-N-(α-甲基苄基)琥珀酰胺酸 | N-(S)-α-phenylethylsuccinamidic acid | 21752-34-1 | C12H15NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-N-(1-苯基乙基)顺丁烯二酰亚胺 | (S)-N-(1-phenylethyl)maleimide | 60925-76-0 | C12H11NO2 |
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(S)-(-)-N-(1-苯乙基)邻羧基苯甲酰胺 | (S)-2-(1-phenylethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid | 21752-36-3 | C16H15NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-N,N-二甲基-1-苯乙胺 | (-)-(S)-N,N-dimethyl-1-phenylethylamine | 17279-31-1 | C10H15N |
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(S)-(-)-N,N-二甲基-1-二茂铁基乙胺 | N,N-dimethyl-1-ferrocenylethylamine | 31886-57-4 | C14H19FeN |
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(S)-(-)-5,5-双(二苯膦基)-4,4-双-1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯 | (S)-segphos | 210169-54-3 | C38H28O4P2 |
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(S)-(-)-4-苄基氧氮杂环戊烷-2,5-二酮 | L-phenylalanine-N-carboxyanhydride | 14825-82-2 | C10H9NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-4-氧代-2-吖丁啶羧酸 | (S)-4-oxo-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid | 16404-94-7 | C4H5NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-4-叔丁基氧氮杂环戊烷-2,5-二酮 | L-tert-butylglycine-N-carboxyanhydride | 62965-56-4 | C7H11NO3 |
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(S)-(-)-3-苯甲酰巯基-2-甲基丙酸 | (2S)-3-(benzoylthio)-2-methylpropionic acid | 72679-02-8 | C11H12O3S |
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(S)-(-)-3-氯-1-苯基-1-丙醇 | (S)-3-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanol | 100306-34-1 | C9H11ClO |
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(S)-(-)-3-丁炔-2-醇 | (S)-(-)-3-butyn-2-ol | 2914-69-4 | C4H6O |
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(S)-(-)-3-BOC-4-甲氧羰基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-恶唑烷 | (S)-2,2-dimethyl-oxazolidine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid 3-tert-butyl ester 4-methyl ester | 108149-60-6 | C12H21NO5 |
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(S)-(-)-2-羧基环丁胺 | (2S)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid | 2133-34-8 | C4H7NO2 |
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(S)-(-)-2-甲酰胺琥珀酸酐 | n-formylaspartic anhydride | 33605-73-1 | C5H5NO4 |
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