有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-叔丁基异氰酸苯酯 | 2-tert-butylphenyl isocyanate | 56309-60-5 | C11H13NO |
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2-叔丁基-吡啶并[4,3-d]嘧啶-4(3h)-酮 | 2-tert-butylpyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one | 705291-54-9 | C11H13N3O |
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2-叔丁基-4-硝基苯酚 | 2-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol | 6683-81-4 | C10H13NO3 |
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2-叔丁基-4-氯-5-甲基苯酚 | 4-chloro-3-methyl-6-tert-butyl-phenol | 30894-16-7 | C11H15ClO |
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2-叔丁基-2-[2-(4-氯苯基)乙基]环氧乙烷 | 2-tert-butyl-2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]oxirane | 80443-63-6 | C14H19ClO |
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2-叔丁基-1,3-二异丙基异脲 | 2-tert-butyl-1,3-diisopropylisourea | 71432-55-8 | C11H24N2O |
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2-双环己基膦-2',6'-二甲氧基联苯 | dicyclohexyl-(2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-phosphane | 657408-07-6 | C26H35O2P |
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2-去亚甲基-2-氯甲基依他尼酸 | <2,3-dichloro-4-(2-hydroxymethyl-1-oxobutyl)phenyloxy>acetic acid | 95772-54-6 | C13H14Cl2O5 |
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2-十四烷基丁二酸 | α-tetradecylsuccinic acid | 2530-30-5 | C18H34O4 |
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2-十六烷基丁二酸 | α-hexadecylsuccinic acid | 2530-31-6 | C20H38O4 |
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2-十二烯醛 | 2-dodecenal | 4826-62-4 | C12H22O |
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2-十九烷酮 | nonadecan-2-one | 629-66-3 | C19H38O |
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2-十三醇 | tridecan-3-ol | 10289-68-6 | C13H28O |
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2-十三(碳)烯醛 | (2E)-tridecenal | 7069-41-2 | C13H24O |
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2-十七碳烷基-4,4(5H)氧氮合二甲醇 | 2-(Heptadecenyl)-2-oxazoline-4,4-dimethanol | 28984-69-2 | C22H41NO3 |
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2-十七烷基咪唑 | 2-heptadecylimidazole | 23328-87-2 | C20H38N2 |
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2-十七烷基-4-甲基-2-恶唑啉-4-甲醇 | 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-2-heptadecyl-1,3-oxazoline | 14466-51-4 | C22H43NO2 |
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2-十七烷基-2-恶唑啉-4,4-二甲醇 | (2-heptadecyl-oxazole-4,4-diyl)-bis-methanol | 14466-50-3 | C22H43NO3 |
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2-十七烷基-1H-苯并咪唑 | 2-heptadecyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole | 5805-27-6 | C24H40N2 |
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2-十一醇 | undecan-2-ol | 1653-30-1 | C11H24O |
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2-全氟辛基乙基溴 | 1-bromo-1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecane | 21652-57-3 | C10H4BrF17 |
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2-全氟癸基丙烯酸乙酯 | 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-henicosafluoro-dodecyl acrylate | 17741-60-5 | C15H7F21O2 |
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2-全氟十二烷基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯 | 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-Pentacosafluorotetradecyl methacrylate | 6014-75-1 | C12F25CH2CH2OC(O)C(CH3)=CH2 |
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2-全氟丙氧基-2,3,3,3-四氟丙醇 | 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-1-propanol | 26537-88-2 | C6H3F11O2 |
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2-仲-丁基环己酮 | 2-sec-butylcyclohexanone | 14765-30-1 | C10H18O |
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2-亚硝基-5-(N,N-二乙基氨基)乙酰苯胺 | N-(5-Diethylamino-2-nitroso-phenyl)-acetamide | 121081-57-0 | C12H17N3O2 |
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2-亚甲基环丙烷-1,1-二羧酸二乙酯 | diethyl methylenecyclopropane-2,2-dicarboxylate | 106352-19-6 | C10H14O4 |
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2-亚甲基奎宁环-3-酮 | 2-methylene-3-quinuclidinone hydrochloride | 5832-54-2 | C8H11NO*ClH |
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2-亚甲基丙烷-1,3-二基二乙酸酯 | 1,3-diacetoxy-2-methylenepropane | 3775-29-9 | C8H12O4 |
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2-亚甲基-环丙烷乙酸 | (methylenecyclopropyl)acetic acid | 1073-00-3 | C6H8O2 |
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2-亚氨基硫烷盐酸盐 | 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride | 4781-83-3 | C4H7NS*ClH |
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2-亚氨基-alpha-苯基噻唑烷-3-乙醇 | 3-(β-Hydroxy-phenethyl)-2-imino-thiazolidin | 10060-88-5 | C11H14N2OS |
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2-亚氨基-1-咪唑烷乙酸 | 1-carboxymethyl-2-iminoimidazolidine | 35404-50-3 | C5H9N3O2 |
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2-亚戊基环戊酮 | 2-pentylidenecyclopentan-1-one | 16424-35-4 | C10H16O |
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2-二苯基膦苯甲醛 | (2-formylphenyl)(diphenyl)phosphine | 50777-76-9 | C19H15OP |
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2-二苯基膦苯甲酸 | 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzoic acid | 17261-28-8 | C19H15O2P |
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2-二苯基膦-联苯 | 2-(diphenylphosphino)biphenyl | 13885-09-1 | C24H19P |
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2-二苯基磷酰基-1,3,5-三甲基苯 | mesityldiphenylphosphine oxide | 91239-43-9 | C21H21OP |
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2-二苯基磷-2'-(N,N-二甲氨基)联苯 | Ph-davephos | 240417-00-9 | C26H24NP |
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2-二甲胺基甲基-4-羟甲基噻唑 | 2-dimethylaminomethyl-4-hydroxymethylthiazole | 78441-69-7 | C7H12N2OS |
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2-二甲氨基甲基环己酮 | 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]cyclohexanone | 15409-60-6 | C9H17NO |
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2-二甲氨基乙醇右旋酒石酸氢盐 | Deanol bitartrate | 29870-28-8 | C8H17NO7 |
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2-二甲氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇 | 2-dimethylamino-2-methylpropan-1-ol | 7005-47-2 | C6H15NO |
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2-二甲氨-5-硝基三氟甲苯 | 2-dimethylamino-5-nitrobenzotrifluoride | 54672-09-2 | C9H9F3N2O2 |
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2-二甲基胺嘧啶-5-硼酸-2,3-二甲基丁二醇酯 | N,N-dimethyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine | 1032759-30-0 | C12H20BN3O2 |
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2-二甲基氨基-苯酚 | 2-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylaniline | 3743-22-4 | C8H11NO |
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2-二甲基氨基-6-羟基嘌呤 | 2-(dimethylamino)-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one | 1445-15-4 | C7H9N5O |
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2-二甲基氨基-1-丁醇 | 2-(dimethylamino)-1-butanol | 17199-17-6 | C6H15NO |
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2-二甲基氨-6-氟苯甲腈 | 2-(dimethylamino)-6-fluorobenzonitrile | 96994-73-9 | C9H9FN2 |
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2-二环己膦基-2'-(N,N-二甲胺)-联苯 | DavePhos | 213697-53-1 | C26H36NP |
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