有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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1-(2-氯乙氧基)-2-乙氧基乙烷 | 1-[2-(ethoxy)ethoxy]-2-chloroethane | 41771-35-1 | C6H13ClO2 |
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1-(2-氯乙基)哌啶盐酸盐 | N-chloroethylpiperidine hydrochloride | 2008-75-5 | C7H14ClN*ClH |
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1-(2-氯乙基)哌啶 | 2-(piperidin-4-yl)ethyl chloride | 1932-03-2 | C7H14ClN |
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1-(2-氯乙基)吡咯烷-2-酮 | 1-(2-chloro-ethyl)-pyrrolidin-2-one | 51333-90-5 | C6H10ClNO |
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1-(2-氯乙基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮 | 1-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione | 41212-96-8 | C6H8ClNO2 |
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1-(2-氯乙基)-3-甲基哌啶 | β-(3-methyl-piperidino)-ethyl chloride | 10298-11-0 | C8H16ClN |
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1-(2-氯乙基)-2-咪唑啉酮 | 1-(2-chloroethyl)imidazolidin-2-one | 2387-20-4 | C5H9ClN2O |
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1-(2-氯乙基)-2,3-二氢苯并咪唑-2-酮 | 1-(2-chloroethyl)-benzimidazolin-2-one | 52548-84-2 | C9H9ClN2O |
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1-(2-氯乙基)-1H-吡唑 | 1-(β-chloroethyl)pyrazole | 96450-53-2 | C5H7ClN2 |
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1-(2-氯-6-羟基苯基)乙酮 | 6’-chloro-2’-hydroxyacetophenone | 55736-04-4 | C8H7ClO2 |
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1-(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基)乙酮 | 1-(2-chloro-6-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethanone | 890406-52-7 | C8H8ClNO |
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1-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)环己烷腈1-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)环己甲腈 | 1-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile | 214262-95-0 | C13H13ClFN |
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1-(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)哌嗪 | 1-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)piperazine | 114878-60-3 | C10H12ClN3O2 |
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1-(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)-1-乙酮 | 1-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)ethanone | 67818-41-1 | C8H6ClNO3 |
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1-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)环戊烷羧酸 | 1-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid | 214263-01-1 | C12H12ClFO2 |
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1-(2-氨基苯基)吡咯 | 1-(2-aminophenyl)pyrrole | 6025-60-1 | C10H10N2 |
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1-(2-氨基苯基)-2-苯基乙酮 | 1-(2-aminophenyl)-2-phenylethanone | 835-38-1 | C14H13NO |
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1-(2-氨基苯基)-2-甲基丙烷-1-酮 | 1-(2-aminophenyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone | 27309-55-3 | C10H13NO |
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1-(2-氨基乙基)环戊醇 | 1-(2-aminoethyl)cyclopentanol | 859629-83-7 | C7H15NO |
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1-(2-氨基乙基)-2-咪唑啉酮 | 2-aminoethylimidazolidone | 6281-42-1 | C5H11N3O |
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1-(2-氨基-5-噁唑)-乙酮(9ci) | 1-(2-aminooxazol-5-yl)ethanone | 87005-17-2 | C5H6N2O2 |
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1-(2-氨基-4-溴苯基)乙酮 | 1-(2-amino-4-bromophenyl)ethanone | 123858-51-5 | C8H8BrNO |
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1-(2-氨基-3-甲氧基-苯基)-乙酮 | 2-amino-3-methoxyacetophenone | 42465-54-3 | C9H11NO2 |
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1-(2-氨乙基)吡咯烷 | 1-(2-aminoethyl)pyrrolidine | 7154-73-6 | C6H14N2 |
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1-(2-氟苯基)吡唑-4-甲醛 | 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 1015845-52-9 | C10H7FN2O |
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1-(2-氟苯基)乙胺 | 1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethylamine | 74788-44-6 | C8H10FN |
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1-(2-氟苄基)-5-氧代吡咯烷-3-羧酸 | 1-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid | 845546-24-9 | C12H12FNO3 |
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1-(2-氟-5-硝基苯基)乙-1-酮 | 1-(2-fluoro-5-nitrophenyl)ethanone | 79110-05-7 | C8H6FNO3 |
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1-(2-氟-4-羟基苯基)-2-甲基丙烷-1-酮 | 1-(2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-one | 1208078-35-6 | C10H11FO2 |
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1-(2-氟-3-羟基苯基)乙酮 | 1-(2-fluoro-3-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one | 1191999-09-3 | C8H7FO2 |
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1-(2-噻唑)-4-(叔丁氧基羰基)哌嗪 | tert-butyl 4-(thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 474417-23-7 | C12H19N3O2S |
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1-(2-嘧啶基)哌嗪 | N-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine | 20980-22-7 | C8H12N4 |
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1-(2-嘧啶基)-1-丙酮 | 1-(pyrimidin-2-yl)propan-1-one | 54643-09-3 | C7H8N2O |
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1-(2-乙氧羰基乙基)吖啶 | 1-(2-carboethoxyethyl)azetidine | 7730-42-9 | C8H15NO2 |
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1-(2-乙氧基丙氧基)丙-2-醇 | 1-(2-Ethoxypropoxy)propan-2-ol | 10143-32-5 | C8H18O3 |
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1-(2-丙炔)哌啶 | 1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)piperidine | 5799-75-7 | C8H13N |
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1-(2--羟乙基)-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-mercapto-1H-tetrazole | 56610-81-2 | C3H6N4OS |
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1-(2-(4-硝基苯氧基)乙基)吡咯啉 | 1-(2-(4-nitrophenoxy)ethyl)pyrrolidine | 265654-77-1 | C12H16N2O3 |
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1-(2-(4-溴苯氧基)乙基)吡咯烷 | 1-[2-(4-bromophenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine | 1081-73-8 | C12H16BrNO |
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1-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮 | N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)maleimide | 1206-49-1 | C12H11NO2 |
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1-(2,6-二氯-4-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4-((二氟甲基)硫基)-5-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)-1H-吡唑-3-甲腈 | 1-(2,6-dichloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)-4-(difluoromethylthio)-5-[(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]pyrazole-3-carbonitrile | 394730-71-3 | C18H10Cl2F5N5S |
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1-(2,6-二氯-3-氟苯基)乙醇 | 1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethanol | 756520-66-8 | C8H7Cl2FO |
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1-(2,6-二异丙基苯基)-2-苯基-1H-咪唑 | 1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-2-phenyl-1H-imidazole | 914306-50-6 | C21H24N2 |
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1-(2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯-1-基)-3-戊酮与2-丙炔-1-醇的反应产物 | Prop-2-yn-1-ol;1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)pentan-3-one | 68611-23-4 | C17H28O2 |
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1-(2,6,6-三甲基-2-环己烯-1-基)-1-戊烯-3-酮 | α-irone | 7779-30-8 | C14H22O |
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1-(2,5-二甲氧基苯基)乙醇 | (2,5-di-methoxyphenyl)ethan-2-ol | 41038-40-8 | C10H14O3 |
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1-(2,5-二甲氧基苯基)-n-甲基甲胺 | N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl-N-methylamine | 229486-99-1 | C10H15NO2 |
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1-(2,5-二甲基苯基)乙醇 | 2,5-Dimethylphenyl-methyl-carbinol | 32917-52-5 | C10H14O |
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1-(2,5-二氯苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑酮 | 1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one | 13102-34-6 | C10H8Cl2N2O |
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1-(2,5-二氯-4-磺酸苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮一水合物 | 2,5-dichloro-4-(3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonic acid | 84-57-1 | C10H8Cl2N2O4S |
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