有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-溴-5-氟苯胺 | 2-bromo-5-fluoroaniline | 1003-99-2 | C6H5BrFN |
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2-溴-5-氟苯硼酸 | 2-bromo-5-fluorophenylboronic acid | 959996-48-6 | C6H5BBrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzaldehyde | 94569-84-3 | C7H4BrFO |
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2-溴-5-氟苯甲醚 | 1-bromo-4-fluoro-2-methoxybenzene | 450-88-4 | C7H6BrFO |
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2-溴-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate | 6942-39-8 | C8H6BrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟苯甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate | 139911-28-7 | C9H8BrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟苯甲酸 | 2-Bromo-5-fluorobenzoic acid | 394-28-5 | C7H4BrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟苯乙酸 | 2-(2-bromo-5-fluorophenyl)acetic acid | 739336-26-6 | C8H6BrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟苄醇 | 2-bromo-5-fluorobenzyl alcohol | 202865-66-5 | C7H6BrFO |
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2-溴-5-氟苄胺 | (2-bromo-5-fluorophenyl)methanamine | 747392-34-3 | C7H7BrFN |
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2-溴-5-氟硝基苯 | 2-bromo-5-fluoronitrobenzene | 446-09-3 | C6H3BrFNO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟甲苯 | 2-Bromo-5-fluorotoluene | 452-63-1 | C7H6BrF |
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2-溴-5-氟吡啶 N-氧化物 | 2-bromo-5-fluoropyridine 1-oxide | 935534-39-7 | C5H3BrFNO |
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2-溴-5-氟三氟甲苯 | 1-bromo-4-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene | 40161-55-5 | C7H3BrF4 |
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2-溴-5-氟-4-硝基苯胺 | 2-bromo-5-fluoro-4-nitroaniline | 952664-69-6 | C6H4BrFN2O2 |
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2-溴-5-氟-4-甲基苯胺 | 2-bromo-5-fluoro-4-methylaniline | 202865-78-9 | C7H7BrFN |
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2-溴-5-氟-4-甲基苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-5-fluoro-4-methylbenzaldehyde | 916792-21-7 | C8H6BrFO |
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2-溴-5-氟-4-甲基苯甲酸 | 2-Bromo-5-fluoro-4-methylbenzoic acid | 1003709-54-3 | C8H6BrFO2 |
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2-溴-5-氟-4-甲基乙酰苯胺 | N-(2-bromo-5-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)ethanamide | 202865-76-7 | C9H9BrFNO |
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2-溴-5-氟-3-氨基苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 3-amino-2-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate | 1342063-52-8 | C8H7BrFNO2 |
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2-溴-5-噁唑甲醇 | (2-Bromooxazol-5-yl)methanol | 1092351-98-8 | C4H4BrNO2 |
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2-溴-5-乙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-5-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde | 56517-30-7 | C10H11BrO3 |
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2-溴-5-乙基吡啶 | 2-bromo-5-ethylpyridine | 19842-08-1 | C7H8BrN |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲苯苯胺 | 2-Bromo-5-trifluoromethylaniline | 454-79-5 | C7H5BrF3N |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲氧基苯酚 | 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenol | 205371-26-2 | C7H4BrF3O2 |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲基苯酚 | 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenol | 402-05-1 | C7H4BrF3O |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲基苯腈 | 2-bromo-5-trifluoromethylbenzonitrile | 1483-55-2 | C8H3BrF3N |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲基苯甲酸 | 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid | 1483-56-3 | C8H4BrF3O2 |
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2-溴-5-三氟甲基苄醇 | (2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methanol | 869725-53-1 | C8H6BrF3O |
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2-溴-5-(吡咯烷-1-基)吡嗪 | 2-Bromo-5-(pyrrolidin-1-YL)pyrazine | 1001050-21-0 | C8H10BrN3 |
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2-溴-5-(叔丁基)苯胺 | 2-bromo-5-(tert-butyl)aniline | 58164-14-0 | C10H14BrN |
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2-溴-5-(三氟甲基)苯磺酰胺 | 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide | 351003-61-7 | C7H5BrF3NO2S |
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2-溴-5-(三氟甲基)苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-5-tert-butyl-benzaldehyde | 875664-28-1 | C11H13BrO |
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2-溴-5-(三氟甲基)噻唑 | 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole | 1209458-80-9 | C4HBrF3NS |
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2-溴-5,7-二氢-7,7-二甲基-5-苯基茚并[2,1-b]咔唑 | 2-bromo-7,7-dimethyl-5-phenyl-5,7-dihydroindeno[2,1-b]carbazole | 1257220-44-2 | C27H20BrN |
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2-溴-5,5-二甲基-1-环己烯-1-甲醛 | 2-bromo-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde | 1053265-66-9 | C9H13BrO |
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2-溴-4,5-二甲氧基苯丙腈 | 3-(2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propanenitrile | 35249-62-8 | C11H12BrNO2 |
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2-溴-4’-碘苯乙酮 | 2-bromo-1-(4-iodophenyl)ethanone | 31827-94-8 | C8H6BrIO |
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2-溴-4-苯基噻唑 | 2-bromo-4-phenylthiazole | 57516-16-2 | C9H6BrNS |
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2-溴-4-苯基噁唑 | 2-bromo-4-phenyloxazole | 1060816-19-4 | C9H6BrNO |
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2-溴-4-苯基乙酰苯 | 2-Bromo-4'-phenylacetophenone | 135-73-9 | C14H11BrO |
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2-溴-4-羟基苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde | 22532-60-1 | C7H5BrO2 |
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2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸 | 2-bromo-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid | 88491-44-5 | C8H7BrO3 |
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2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酮 | 2-bromo-4-hydroxyacetophenone | 61791-99-9 | C8H7BrO2 |
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2-溴-4-碘苯胺 | 2-Bromo-4-iodoaniline | 29632-73-3 | C6H5BrIN |
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2-溴-4-碘苯甲醛 | 2-bromo-4-iodobenzaldehyde | 261903-03-1 | C7H4BrIO |
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2-溴-4-碘苯甲醚 | 2-bromo-4-iodo-1-methoxybenzene | 182056-39-9 | C7H6BrIO |
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2-溴-4-碘苯甲酸 | 2-bromo-4-iodobenzoic acid | 28547-29-7 | C7H4BrIO2 |
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2-溴-4-碘噻唑 | 2-bromo-5-iodo-thiazole | 108306-63-4 | C3HBrINS |
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2-溴-4-硝基苯酚 | 2-bromo-4-nitrophenol | 5847-59-6 | C6H4BrNO3 |
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