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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Ethoxybis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')(propan-2-olato)titanium 68586-02-7 C15H26O6Ti
    Ethoxybis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')(propan-2-olato)titanium
    —— 2-Butenoic acid,3-amino-,1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)ester 14205-47-1 C12H20N2O4
    2-Butenoic acid,3-amino-,1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)ester
    —— Zinc oleate 557-07-3 C36H66O4Zn
    Zinc oleate
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-[(E)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate 82933-91-3 C43H78O8
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-5-[(E)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate
    —— Azane;oxalic acid;hydrate 37541-72-3 C4H12N2O9
    Azane;oxalic acid;hydrate
    —— Diammonium-2,2' Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) 30931-67-0 C18H24N6O6S4
    Diammonium-2,2' Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)
    —— Boronic acid, B-[3-[[(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2-fluorophenyl]- 2096336-37-5 C14H12BBrFNO3
    Boronic acid, B-[3-[[(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2-fluorophenyl]-
    —— ethyl 2-[[(1S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-[(2R)-2-[[4-[(E)-N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl]phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]azetidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]acetate 192939-46-1 C24H35N5O5
    ethyl 2-[[(1S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-[(2R)-2-[[4-[(E)-N'-hydroxycarbamimidoyl]phenyl]methylcarbamoyl]azetidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]acetate
    —— Tris[1,7,7-trimethyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl-I masculineO)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-onato-I masculineO]praseodymium 38053-99-5 C36H42F9O6Pr
    Tris[1,7,7-trimethyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl-I masculineO)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-onato-I masculineO]praseodymium
    —— 2-Propanol, gallium salt 4452-61-3 C3H8GaO
    2-Propanol, gallium salt
    —— 3,5-Dimethylbenzoic-d9Acid 80445-74-5 C31H50O8
    3,5-Dimethylbenzoic-d9Acid
    —— Clodronate disodium salt 22560-50-5 CH4Cl2Na2O6P2+2
    Clodronate disodium salt
    —— 2,13-Octadecadienal, (2E,13Z)- 99577-57-8 C18H32O
    2,13-Octadecadienal, (2E,13Z)-
    —— 28305-25-1 C6H12CaO6
    —— [(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9Z,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate 2545-22-4 C45H74O2
    [(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] (9Z,12E,15E)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate
    —— Tin(IV) bis(acetylacetonate) dichloride 16919-46-3 C10H14Cl2O4Sn
    Tin(IV) bis(acetylacetonate) dichloride
    —— disodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate 56401-20-8 C6H11Na2O9P
    disodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate
    —— 3'-guanylic acid, disodium salt 6027-83-4 C10H12N5Na2O8P
    3'-guanylic acid, disodium salt
    —— Sodium ((2R,3S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl phosphate 14999-52-1 C10H11N4Na2O7P
    Sodium ((2R,3S,5R)-3-hydroxy-5-(6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl phosphate
    —— 1-amino-8-naphthol-2,4-disulfonic acid monosodium salt 52789-62-5 C10H8NO7S2*Na
    1-amino-8-naphthol-2,4-disulfonic acid monosodium salt
    —— Ethene 74-85-1 C2H4
    Ethene
    —— Glyceryl ricinoleate 1323-38-2 C21H40O5
    Glyceryl ricinoleate
    —— guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), 2'-deoxy-, disodium salt 78101-74-3 C10H13N5Na2O10P2
    guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), 2'-deoxy-, disodium salt
    —— 107-10-8 C3H8N*H
    —— Bornyl salicylate 560-88-3 C17H22O3
    Bornyl salicylate
    —— Disodium 7-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-4-hydroxy-3-((4-((4-sulphonatophenyl)azo)phenyl)azo)naphthalene-2-sulphonate 5873-20-1 C23H16N6Na2O8S2
    Disodium 7-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-4-hydroxy-3-((4-((4-sulphonatophenyl)azo)phenyl)azo)naphthalene-2-sulphonate
    —— 5762-18-5 C27H42O5SSn
    —— Chromium(2+);oxido(triphenyl)silane;dihydrate 1624-02-8 C36H34CrO4Si2
    Chromium(2+);oxido(triphenyl)silane;dihydrate
    —— 624-78-2 C3H8N*H
    —— methyl cytisine iodide salt 20013-22-3 C12H16N2O*HI
    methyl cytisine iodide salt
    —— 78-81-9 C4H10N*H
    —— 75-31-0 C3H8N*H
    —— 109-73-9 C4H10N*H
    —— Disodium 7-(acetylamino)-3-((4-((4-chloro-2-sulphonatophenyl)azo)-2,5-dimethylphenyl)azo)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonate 5873-19-8 C26H20ClN5Na2O8S2
    Disodium 7-(acetylamino)-3-((4-((4-chloro-2-sulphonatophenyl)azo)-2,5-dimethylphenyl)azo)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonate
    —— N-Demethyltropisetron 89565-91-3 C16H18N2O2
    N-Demethyltropisetron
    —— 1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione;1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate;ZINC 13463-41-7 C10H9N2O2S2Zn-
    1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione;1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate;ZINC
    —— Manganese;phosphoric acid 10124-54-6 H3MnO4P
    Manganese;phosphoric acid
    —— N,N-dimethyl-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethylamine 55700-44-2 C26H28FeNP
    N,N-dimethyl-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethylamine
    —— Monocopper(II) citrate 866-82-0 C6H8CuO7
    Monocopper(II) citrate
    —— (2R,5S,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl (9Z)-octadec-9-enoate 303-43-5 C45H78O2
    (2R,5S,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl (9Z)-octadec-9-enoate
    —— 1-(3-Aminopropyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione hydrochloride 54052-99-2 C7H13ClN2O2
    1-(3-Aminopropyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione hydrochloride
    —— 4-Aminonicotinaldehyde dihydrochloride 927891-97-2 C6H8Cl2N2O
    4-Aminonicotinaldehyde dihydrochloride
    —— Ethane;methane;palladium(2+);triphenylphosphane;dichloride 13965-03-2 C41H46Cl2P2Pd
    Ethane;methane;palladium(2+);triphenylphosphane;dichloride
    —— 2-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid 852181-03-4 C5H5BrN2O2
    2-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid
    —— 6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid 1019021-78-3 C9H5F3N2O2
    6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,4R)-4-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylmethanol 1256636-31-3 C6H14N2O
    (2S,4R)-4-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylmethanol
    —— Dde-Lys-OH 1189586-14-8 C21H34N2O6
    Dde-Lys-OH
    —— Calcium pantothenic hydrate 63409-48-3 C18H34CaN2O11
    Calcium pantothenic hydrate
    —— (+)-4-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-pyrrolidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 455954-94-6 C16H20FNO4
    (+)-4-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-pyrrolidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester
    —— cis-1,3-Diisopropyl-cyclohexan 7045-70-7 C12H24
    cis-1,3-Diisopropyl-cyclohexan