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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>'-di(pyridine-4-yl)biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxamide 1381886-63-0 C24H18N4O2
    N<sup>4</sup>,N<sup>4</sup>'-di(pyridine-4-yl)biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxamide
    —— 76172-73-1 C8H10MgO4
    —— 10279-63-7 CrH2KO4S
    —— CL316243 Disodium Salt 138908-40-4 C20H20ClNNaO7
    CL316243 Disodium Salt
    —— Iron titanium oxide 12789-64-9 FeO3Ti
    Iron titanium oxide
    —— [1,4]dioxane-2,5-diol 23147-58-2 C4H8O4
    [1,4]dioxane-2,5-diol
    —— 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate,iron(3+),dihydrate 6043-74-9 C6H6O7*Fe*H2O
    2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate,iron(3+),dihydrate
    —— Sulfonazo III tetrasodium salt 68504-35-8 C22H16N4NaO14S4
    Sulfonazo III tetrasodium salt
    —— Azane;2-(carboxymethyldisulfanyl)acetic acid 68223-93-8 C4H9NO4S2
    Azane;2-(carboxymethyldisulfanyl)acetic acid
    —— N-[5-[2-[benzyl-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-phenylmethoxyphenyl]formamide,(Z)-but-2-enedioic acid 43229-69-2 C4H4O4*C33H36N2O4
    N-[5-[2-[benzyl-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-phenylmethoxyphenyl]formamide,(Z)-but-2-enedioic acid
    —— 2-[3,5-dimethyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]acetic acid 957023-29-9 C11H18N2O2
    2-[3,5-dimethyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]acetic acid
    —— 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid 936074-57-6 C10H11N3O3
    6-amino-1,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R)-1-[(1R)-1-[Bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphino]ethyl]-2-[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]ferrocene 166172-66-3 C44H46F12FeP2
    (2R)-1-[(1R)-1-[Bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphino]ethyl]-2-[bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphino]ferrocene
    —— Benzydamine N-Oxide Hydrochloride 39860-94-1 C19H24ClN3O2
    Benzydamine N-Oxide Hydrochloride
    —— (5-Chloro-1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-YL)methanol 926207-15-0 C3H3ClN2OS
    (5-Chloro-1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-YL)methanol
    —— Acetic acid (2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl ester 146572-26-1 C7H12O6
    Acetic acid (2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl ester
    —— 99229-76-2 C8H6N4NaO2S
    —— 2-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-isobutylaminoethanol 69240-90-0 C12H18ClNO
    2-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-isobutylaminoethanol
    —— 4-acetyl-3-fluorobenzonitrile 1352144-78-5 C9H6FNO
    4-acetyl-3-fluorobenzonitrile
    —— 2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-3,6-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione 1428651-72-2 C52H88N2O2S2Sn2
    2,5-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-3,6-bis(5-trimethylstannylthiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione
    —— copper;methanol 1184-54-9 C2H8CuO2
    copper;methanol
    —— d-Spiro<3,3>heptan-2,6-dicarbonsaeure 3057-91-8 C9H12O4
    d-Spiro<3,3>heptan-2,6-dicarbonsaeure
    —— 7-bromo-3-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine 1379355-19-7 C8H7BrN2
    7-bromo-3-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine
    —— stearic acid ; lead (IV)-compound 1072-35-1 4C18H35O2*Pb
    stearic acid ; lead (IV)-compound
    —— H-Arg-DL-Asp-Cys(1)-Cys(2)-Thr-Hyp-Hyp-Arg-Lys-Cys(3)-Lys-Asp-Arg-Arg-Cys(1)-Lys-Hyp-Met-Lys-Cys(2)-Cys(3)-Ala-NH2 140678-12-2 C101H175N39O30S7
    H-Arg-DL-Asp-Cys(1)-Cys(2)-Thr-Hyp-Hyp-Arg-Lys-Cys(3)-Lys-Asp-Arg-Arg-Cys(1)-Lys-Hyp-Met-Lys-Cys(2)-Cys(3)-Ala-NH2
    —— Bis[1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-6,6-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethoxy)heptane-3,5-dionato-kappa2O3,O5]copper 80289-21-0 C20H22CuF14O6
    Bis[1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-6,6-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethoxy)heptane-3,5-dionato-kappa2O3,O5]copper
    —— (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal;ethanol 147060-73-9 C12H22O2
    (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal;ethanol
    —— disodium methylmalonate 4413-07-4 C4H4O4*2Na
    disodium methylmalonate
    —— Methyl-5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropyliden-α-L-lyxofuranosid 5636-04-4 C9H16O4
    Methyl-5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropyliden-α-L-lyxofuranosid
    —— 1192815-32-9 C30H36N2O4S
    —— 884879-24-7 C36H47ClN2Pd+
    —— (4-bromobenzyl)(trifluoromethyl)sulfane 1612253-26-5 C8H6BrF3S
    (4-bromobenzyl)(trifluoromethyl)sulfane
    —— 3,5-bis(pyridin-4-yl-methoxy)benzoic acid 1151548-69-4 C19H16N2O4
    3,5-bis(pyridin-4-yl-methoxy)benzoic acid
    —— (R,R,R)-N-camphorsulfonyl-diphenylethylene diamine 676270-67-0 C24H30N2O3S
    (R,R,R)-N-camphorsulfonyl-diphenylethylene diamine
    —— 3-iodo-6-[(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]benzoic acid 445479-81-2 C9H5F3INO3
    3-iodo-6-[(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)amino]benzoic acid
    —— formic acid ; lead (II)-compound with lead (II)-oxide 811-54-1 2CHO2*O3Pb3*Pb
    formic acid ; lead (II)-compound with lead (II)-oxide
    —— o-iodophenol-3,4,5,6-d4 1021325-54-1 C6H5IO
    o-iodophenol-3,4,5,6-d4
    —— ethyl 5-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-1H-pyrrol-2-carboxylate 547762-37-8 C12H18N2O4
    ethyl 5-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-1H-pyrrol-2-carboxylate
    —— (2E)-methyl 3-(cinnamyloxy)acrylate 147460-94-4 C13H14O3
    (2E)-methyl 3-(cinnamyloxy)acrylate
    —— 2,3-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylphospholan-1-yl]-1-benzothiophene;(5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;rhodium;tetrafluoroborate 511543-00-3 C28H40BF4P2RhS-
    2,3-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylphospholan-1-yl]-1-benzothiophene;(5Z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;rhodium;tetrafluoroborate
    —— magnesium;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) 12032-35-8 MgO5Ti2
    magnesium;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+)
    —— 76448-08-3 C8H16BLi
    —— 5-Bromo-7-chloro-1,3-benzoxazole 1226072-26-9 C7H3BrClNO
    5-Bromo-7-chloro-1,3-benzoxazole
    —— Fe(tetraphenylporphyrinate)(THF)2 29189-60-4 2C4H8O*C44H28FeN4
    Fe(tetraphenylporphyrinate)(THF)2
    —— N,N'-de-dimethyl-acridine orange 960126-13-0 C15H15N3*ClH
    N,N'-de-dimethyl-acridine orange
    —— Iron(3+) tris(1,3-dioxo-1,3-diphenylpropan-2-ide) 14405-49-3 C45H33FeO6
    Iron(3+) tris(1,3-dioxo-1,3-diphenylpropan-2-ide)
    —— hafnium(4+);N-methylmethanamine 19782-68-4 C8H28HfN4+4
    hafnium(4+);N-methylmethanamine
    —— Sodium (ethylenediamine)tetramethylenephosphonate 22036-77-7 C6H20N2NaO12P4
    Sodium (ethylenediamine)tetramethylenephosphonate
    —— 2-deoxy-2-(acetonyl)-D-glucopyranose 72-87-7 C9H16O6
    2-deoxy-2-(acetonyl)-D-glucopyranose
    —— 1,11ALPHA,15S-TRIHYDROXY-PROST-13E-EN-9-ONE 21562-57-2 C20H36O4
    1,11ALPHA,15S-TRIHYDROXY-PROST-13E-EN-9-ONE