有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(R)-(4-氯苯基)吡啶-2-甲醇 | (R)-(4-chlorophenyl)(pyridin-2-yl)methanol | 112966-26-4 | C12H10ClNO |
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(R)-(4-氟苯基)环氧乙烷 | R-(-)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxirane | 134356-73-3 | C8H7FO |
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(R)-(1-甲基-2-丙炔基)-氨基甲酸 1,1-二甲基乙酯 | tert-butyl (R)-but-3-yn-2-ylcarbamate | 118080-82-3 | C9H15NO2 |
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(R)-(1-氨基丙基)膦酸 | (R)-(-)-1-aminopropylphosphonic acid | 98049-00-4 | C3H10NO3P |
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(R)-(-)-苯基丁二酸 | R-(+)-phenylsuccinic acid | 46292-93-7 | C10H10O4 |
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(R)-(-)-扁桃酸甲酯 | (R)-methyl mandelate | 20698-91-3 | C9H10O3 |
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(R)-(-)-四氢糠胺 | (R)-tetrahydrofurfurylamine | 7202-43-9 | C5H11NO |
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(R)-(-)-四氢呋喃甲醇 | 3-phenoxypropionic acid ethyl ester | 22409-91-2 | C11H14O3 |
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(R)-(-)-仲丁胺 | (R)-sec-butylamine | 13250-12-9 | C4H11N |
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(R)-(-)-N-BOC-3-N-FMOC-氨基吡咯烷 | (R)-tert-Butyl 3-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 352530-40-6 | C24H28N2O4 |
|
(R)-(-)-5-氨基-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并咪唑 | 5-Amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzimidazole | 68254-43-3 | C7H11N3 |
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(R)-(-)-4-苯基-2-丁醇 | (R)-4-phenyl-2-butanol | 39516-03-5 | C10H14O |
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(R)-(-)-4-甲基苯亚磺酰胺 | (R)-p-toluenesulfinamide | 247089-85-6 | C7H9NOS |
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(R)-(-)-4-甲基扁桃酸 | (R)-para-methylmandelic acid | 18584-20-8 | C9H10O3 |
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(R)-(-)-4-甲基-2-戊醇 | (R)-4-methylpentan-2-ol | 16404-54-9 | C6H14O |
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(R)-(-)-3a-(2-羟基-3-苯基丙酰氧基)-莨菪烷 | (R)-(-)-Littorine | 21956-47-8 | C17H23NO3 |
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(R)-(-)-3-羟基四氢呋喃 | (R)-3-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran | 86087-24-3 | C4H8O2 |
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(R)-(-)-3-羟基十四烷酸 | (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid | 28715-21-1 | C14H28O3 |
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(R)-(-)-3-氯-1,2-丙二醇 | (2R)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol | 57090-45-6 | C3H7ClO2 |
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(R)-(-)-2-甲基哌啶 | (2R)-methylpiperidine | 1722-95-8 | C6H13N |
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(R)-(-)-2-氯扁桃酸 | (R)-2-chloromandelic acid | 52950-18-2 | C8H7ClO3 |
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(R)-(-)-2-氯-1-苯乙醇 | (R)-2-chloro-1-phenylethanol | 56751-12-3 | C8H9ClO |
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(R)-(-)-2-氨基庚烷 | (R)-2-heptylamine | 6240-90-0 | C7H17N |
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(R)-(-)-2-对甲苯磺酸-1-苯基-1,2-乙二醇 | (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | 40434-87-5 | C15H16O4S |
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(R)-(-)-2-吡咯酮-5-甲酸甲酯 | methyl (2R)-pyroglutamate | 64700-65-8 | C6H9NO3 |
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(R)-(-)-2-丁醇 | (2R)-butan-2-ol | 14898-79-4 | C4H10O |
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(R)-(-)-2-(2-氯苯基)环氧乙烷 | (R)-(-)-2-chlorostyrene oxide | 141394-10-7 | C8H7ClO |
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(R)-(-)-2,2-二甲基-5-氧-1,3-二氧戊环-4-乙酸 | 2-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]acetic acid | 113278-68-5 | C7H10O5 |
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(R)-(-)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲胺 | (R)-(-)-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methanamine | 103883-30-3 | C6H13NO2 |
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(R)-(-)-1-苄氧基-2-丙醇 | (2R)-1-(benzyloxy)propan-2-ol | 89401-28-5 | C10H14O2 |
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(R)-(-)-1-甲氧基-2-丙醇 | (R)-1-methoxy-2-propanol | 4984-22-9 | C4H10O2 |
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(R)-(-)-1-甲氧基-2-丙胺 | (R)-1-methoxypropan-2-amine | 99636-38-1 | C4H11NO |
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(R)-(-)-1-氨基茚满 | (R)-1-Aminoindane | 10277-74-4 | C9H11N |
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(R)-(-)-1,2,3,4-四氢-1-萘酚 | (R)-1-tetralol | 23357-45-1 | C10H12O |
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(R)-(+)-香茅酸 | (R)-citronellic acid | 18951-85-4 | C10H18O2 |
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(R)-(+)-间硝基苯磺酸缩水甘油酯 | (R)-glycidyl nosylate | 115314-17-5 | C9H9NO6S |
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(R)-(+)-环氧丙烷 | (R)-propylene oxide | 15448-47-2 | C3H6O |
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(R)-(+)-乳酰胺 | (R)-lactamide | 598-81-2 | C3H7NO2 |
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(R)-(+)-β-香茅醇 | (3R)-citronellol | 1117-61-9 | C10H20O |
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(R)-(+)-n-(1-苯基乙基)马来酰亚胺 | (R)-N-(1-phenylethyl)maleimide | 6129-15-3 | C12H11NO2 |
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(R)-(+)-N-苄基-3-羟基吡咯烷 | (R)-N-benzyl-3-hydroxypyrrolidine | 101930-07-8 | C11H15NO |
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(R)-(+)-N-苄基-1-苯乙胺 | (R)-N-benzyl-1-phenylethylamine | 38235-77-7 | C15H17N |
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(R)-(+)-N-(Alpha-甲基苄基)邻氨甲酰苯甲酸 | (R)-2-((1-Phenylethyl)carbamoyl)benzoic acid | 21752-35-2 | C16H15NO3 |
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(R)-(+)-N-(1-苯基乙基)琥珀酰胺酸 | 4-oxo-4-((1R)-phenylethylamino)butanoic acid | 21752-33-0 | C12H15NO3 |
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(R)-(+)-N,N-二甲基-1-苯乙胺 | (R)-N,N-dimethyl-1-phenylethylamine | 19342-01-9 | C10H15N |
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(R)-(+)-5-(2-氨基丙基)-2-甲氧基苯磺酰胺盐酸盐 | (R)-5-(2-aminopropyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide hydrochloride | 112101-75-4 | C10H16N2O3S*ClH |
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(R)-(+)-4-氯甲基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊烷 | (R)-4-chloromethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane | 57044-24-3 | C6H11ClO2 |
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(R)-(+)-4-(2-氯苯基)-2-5,5-二甲基-2-羟基-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己烷-2-氧化物 | (R)-(+)-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane 2-oxide | 98674-87-4 | C11H14ClO4P |
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(R)-(+)-3-甲基环戊酮 | (R)-(+)-3-Methylcyclopentanone | 6672-30-6 | C6H10O |
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(R)-(+)-3-甲基环己酮 | (3R)-3-methylcyclohexanone | 13368-65-5 | C7H12O |
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