有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(S)-苯基(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲醇 | (S)-phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol | 910629-24-2 | C12H16O2 |
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(S)-羟基伊洛哌酮 | (S)-1-(4-{3-[4-(6-fluoro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-piperidin-1-yl]-propoxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)-ethanol | 501373-88-2 | C24H29FN2O4 |
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(S)-环氧苯乙烷 | (S)-styrene oxide | 20780-54-5 | C8H8O |
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(S)-环氧乙烷-2-羧酸钾 | potassium (S)-oxirane-2-carboxylate | 82079-45-6 | C3H3O3*K |
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(S)-来那度胺 | (S)-3-(4-amino-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-piperidine-2,6-dione | 202271-91-8 | C13H13N3O3 |
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(S)-扁桃酰胺 | (S)-mandelamide | 24008-63-7 | C8H9NO2 |
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(S)-对氯-Β-苯丙氨醇 | (S)-3-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propan-1-ol | 886061-26-3 | C9H12ClNO |
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(S)-安那他品; (S)-新烟草碱 | anatabine | 581-49-7 | C10H12N2 |
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(S)-四氢呋喃-3-羧酸 | (S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid | 168395-26-4 | C5H8O3 |
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(S)-四氢呋喃-2-甲酸 | (S)-tetrahydro-2-furoic acid | 87392-07-2 | C5H8O3 |
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(S)-吲哚啉-2-羧酸 | (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid | 79815-20-6 | C9H9NO2 |
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(S)-吡咯烷-3-甲酰胺 | (3S)-pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide | 573704-64-0 | C5H10N2O |
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(S)-吡咯烷-2-羧酸乙酯盐酸盐 | L-proline ethyl ester monohydrochloride | 33305-75-8 | C7H13NO2*ClH |
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(S)-吗啉-3-羧酸盐酸盐 | (3S)-morpholine-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride | 1187929-04-9 | C5H9NO3*ClH |
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(S)-六氢-3-甲基-1H-1,4-二氮杂卓-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | (S)-tert-butyl 3-methyl-1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate | 194032-32-1 | C11H22N2O2 |
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(S)-八氢-吲哚-2-羧酸叔丁酯 | (S)-Octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 111821-05-7 | C13H23NO2 |
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(S)-乙烯基甘氨酸盐酸盐 | (S)-2-aminobut-3-enoic acid hydrochloride | 75266-38-5 | C4H8NO2*Cl |
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(S)-乙基2-(((s)-2-氧代-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-苯并[b]氮杂革-3-基)氨基)-4-苯基丁酸酯 | (2S,3'S)-2-(2'-oxo-2',3',4',5'-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[b]azepin-3'-ylamino)-4-phenylbutyric acid ethyl ester | 367909-45-3 | C22H26N2O3 |
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(S)-alpha-氨基-3-氯苯乙酸 | L‐3‐chlorophenylglycine | 119565-00-3 | C8H8ClNO2 |
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(S)-[N-3-(3'-氟-4'-吗啉基)苯基-2-氧代-5-噁唑烷 | 2-({(5S)-2-oxo-3-[(4-morpholino-3-fluorophenyl)]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole-5-yl}methyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione | 168828-89-5 | C22H20FN3O5 |
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(S)-N-乙酰-1-(4-溴苯基)乙胺 | (S)-N-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)acetamide | 186296-23-1 | C10H12BrNO |
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(S)-N-Boc-3-四氢吡咯乙酸 | (S)-2-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)acetic acid | 204688-61-9 | C11H19NO4 |
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(S)-N-BOC-3-N-FMOC-氨基吡咯烷 | (S)-tert-Butyl 3-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 307531-88-0 | C24H28N2O4 |
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(S)-N-BOC-2,2-二甲基噁唑烷-4-羧酸甲酯 | 3-tert-butyl 4-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-3,4-dicarboxylate | 157604-46-1 | C12H21NO5 |
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(S)-N-(邻硝基苯磺酰基)-2-氨基丙醇 | (S)-N-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide | 1351395-66-8 | C9H12N2O5S |
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(S)-N-(5-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-2-基)丙酰胺 | (S)-5-methoxy-2-propionamidotetralin | 244239-67-6 | C14H19NO2 |
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(S)-N-(-)-对甲苯基亚磺酰基色胺 | N-[2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl]-4-methylbenzene-1-sulfinamide | 288159-11-5 | C17H18N2OS |
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(S)-N,N-二甲基-3-羟基-3-(2-噻吩基)丙胺 | α-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-3-thiophene methanol | 116817-84-6 | C9H15NOS |
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(S)-Fmoc-2-羧基吗啉 | (3S)-morpholine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid 4-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) ester | 281655-37-6 | C20H19NO5 |
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(S)-BOC-4-(二羟硼基)苯基丙氨酸 | N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-(dihydroxyboryl)-1-phenylalanine | 119771-23-2 | C14H20BNO6 |
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(S)-ALPHA羟基异正戊酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl (S)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate | 3519-30-0 | C9H18O3 |
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(S)-8-羟基-7-甲氧基-1,2,3,11A-四氢-5H-苯并[E]吡咯并[1,2-A][1,4]二氮杂-5,11(10H)-二酮 | 8-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,2,3,11a-tetrahydro-10H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-5,11-dione | 132391-70-9 | C13H14N2O4 |
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(S)-7-氯-5-((1-苯基乙基)硫基)噻唑并[4,5-D]嘧啶-2-胺 | 7-chloro-5-{[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]sulfanyl}[1,3]thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2-amine | 911820-08-1 | C13H11ClN4S2 |
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(S)-7-氨基-5H,7H-二苯并[b,d]氮杂卓-6-酮 | (S)-7-amino-5H-dibenzo[b,d]azepin-6(7H)-one | 847926-88-9 | C14H12N2O |
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(S)-6-(1,3-二羟基-1-(1-三苯甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙基)-N-甲基-2-萘甲 | 6-[(1S)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(1-trityl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)propyl]-N-methyl-2-naphthamide | 566200-79-1 | C37H33N3O3 |
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(S)-5-苯基吗啉-3-酮 | (S)-5-phenylmorpholin-3-one | 1052209-96-7 | C10H11NO2 |
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(S)-5-甲基吡咯烷-2-酮 | (S)-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-one | 1558-60-7 | C5H9NO |
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(S)-5-氨基甲基-3-(4-吗啉基苯基)-1,3-恶唑烷-2-酮 | (S)-5-Aminomethyl-3-(4-morpholinophenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one | 952288-54-9 | C14H19N3O3 |
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(S)-5-氟-3-甲基异苯并呋喃-3-酮 | (S)-5-fluoro-3-methylisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one | 1803573-19-4 | C9H7FO2 |
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(S)-4’-(2-甲基丁基)-4-联苯腈 | S-(+)-4-(2''-methylbutyl)-4'-cyanobiphenyl | 63799-11-1 | C18H19N |
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(S)-4-苯基-2-羟基丁酸乙酯 | (S)-ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyrate | 125639-64-7 | C12H16O3 |
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(S)-4-苄基-3-(5-溴戊基)噁唑烷-2-酮 | (S)-4-benzyl-3-(5-bromopentanoyl)oxazolidine-2-one | 156699-37-5 | C15H18BrNO3 |
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(S)-4-苄基-1,3-噻唑烷-2-硫酮 | (S)-4-benzylthiazolidin-2-thione | 171877-39-7 | C10H11NS2 |
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(S)-4-碘-A-甲基-苯甲胺 | (S)-1-(4-iodophenyl)ethanamine | 56639-48-6 | C8H10IN |
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(S)-4-硝基-Alpha-甲基苄胺 | (S)-1-(p-nitrophenyl)ethylamine | 4187-53-5 | C8H10N2O2 |
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(S)-4-溴-alpha-甲基苄醇 | (S)-1-(4-bromophenyl)ethanol | 100760-04-1 | C8H9BrO |
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(S)-4-氯犬尿氨酸 | L-4-chlorokynurenine | 153152-32-0 | C10H11ClN2O3 |
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(S)-4-氯-3-羟基丁腈 | (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyronitrile | 127913-44-4 | C4H6ClNO |
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(S)-4-氧代哌啶-2-羧酸 | (2S)-4-oxopipecolic acid | 65060-18-6 | C6H9NO3 |
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(S)-4-异丙基噻唑烷-2-硫 | (S)-4-isopropylthiazolidine-2-thione | 76186-04-4 | C6H11NS2 |
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