有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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(1S)-1-(4-氟苯基)-2-甲基丙胺盐酸盐 | (S)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-amine hydrochloride | 1213352-15-8 | C10H14FN*ClH |
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(1S)-1-(3-氯苯基)乙醇 | (S)-1-(m-chlorophenyl)ethanol | 135145-34-5 | C8H9ClO |
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(1S)-1-(3,4-二氟苯基)乙胺 | (S)-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanamine | 321318-17-6 | C8H9F2N |
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(1S)-1-(2R)-环氧乙基-2-苯乙基氨基甲酸叔丁酯 | (2R,3S)-3-[N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino]-1,2-epoxy-4-phenylbutane | 98760-08-8 | C15H21NO3 |
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(1S)-1-(2-甲氧基)丙基胺盐酸盐 | (1S)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-ammonium chloride | 873893-95-9 | C10H15NO*ClH |
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(1S)-(-)-樟脑烷酸酰胺 | 4,7,7-trimethyl-3-oxo-2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylic acid amide | 54200-37-2 | C10H15NO3 |
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(1R,2R)-1-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)-2-(二氟甲基)环丙烷甲酸 | (1R,2R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid | 1152134-45-6 | C10H15F2NO4 |
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(1R-顺式)-2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)环己-2-烯-1-基乙酸酯 | (+/-)-cis-carveol acetate | 7111-29-7 | C12H18O2 |
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(1R,5S)-双环[3.2.1]辛-3-酮 | bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one | 5019-82-9 | C8H12O |
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(1R,5S)-(+)-2-氧杂双环[3.3.0]辛-6-烯-3-酮 | 2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-6-en-3-one | 34638-25-0 | C7H8O2 |
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(1R,5S)-(+)-2-氧杂二环[3.3.0]辛-6-烯-3-酮 | (1R,5S)-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-6-en-3-one | 54483-22-6 | C7H8O2 |
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(1R,3S)-3-氨基环戊醇 | (1R,3S)-3-aminocyclopentanol | 1110772-05-8 | C5H11NO |
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(1R,3R)3-羟基环戊烷羧酸 | (1R,3R)-3-hydroxy-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid | 946594-17-8 | C6H10O3 |
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(1R,3R)-N-BOC-1-氨基环戊烷-3-甲酸 | (1R,3R)-3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclopentanecarboxylic acid | 489446-85-7 | C11H19NO4 |
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(1R,2r)-n,n,nn-四甲基-1,2-环己二胺 | (1R,2R)-bis(dimethylamino)cyclohexane | 53152-69-5 | C10H22N2 |
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(1R,2r)-2-苄基氨基-1-环己醇盐酸盐 | (1R,2R)-trans-2-(N-benzyl)amino-1-cyclohexanol | 141553-09-5 | C13H19NO |
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(1R,2r)-2-氟环丙烷羧酸 | (1R,2R)-2-fluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid | 127199-13-7 | C4H5FO2 |
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(1R,2S,5S)-3-[(2S)-2-[[[(叔丁基)氨基]羰基]氨基]-3,3-二甲基-1-氧代丁基]-6,6-二甲基-3-氮杂双环[3.1.0]己烷-2-羧酸 | (1R,2S,5S)-3-((S)-2-(3-tert-butylureido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-carboxylic acid | 816444-90-3 | C19H33N3O4 |
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(1R,2S,3R,4R)-2,3-二羟基-4-(羟甲基)-1-氨基环戊烷水电氯化物 | (1R,2S,3R,4R)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxylmethyl)-1-aminocyclopentan hydrochloride | 79200-57-0 | C6H13NO3*ClH |
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(1R,2S)-2-((((9H-芴-9-基)甲氧基)羰基)环己烷甲酸 | cis-(N-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-2-amino cyclohexane carboxylic acid | 312965-06-3 | C22H23NO4 |
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(1R,2S)-1-羟基丙烷-1,2,3-三羧酸 | threo-D-isocitric acid | 6061-97-8 | C6H8O7 |
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(1R,2S)-1-氨基-2-乙烯基环丙烷甲酸甲酯 4-甲基苯磺酸盐 | (1R,2S)-1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropane carboxylic acid methyl ester tosylate salt | 862273-27-6 | C7H8O3S*C7H11NO2 |
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(1R,2R,3S,5R)-3-氨基-2,6,6-三甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-2-醇 | (1R,2R,3S,5R)-3-amino-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-2-ol | 168286-10-0 | C10H19NO |
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(1R,2R)-反式-N-Boc-1,2-二氨基环己烷 | tert-butyl ((1R,2R)-2-aminocyclohexyl)carbamate | 146504-07-6 | C11H22N2O2 |
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(1R,2R)-N1,N2-二苄环己烷-1,2-二胺 | (1R,2R)-N,N'-dibenzylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine | 143443-23-6 | C20H26N2 |
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(1R,2R)-N1,N1-二甲基环己烷-1,2-二胺双盐酸盐 | (1R,2R)-N,N-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine | 320778-92-5 | C8H18N2 |
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(1R,2R)-N,N′-双[2-(二苯基膦基)苄基]环己烷-1,2-二胺 | N,N'-bis[o-(diphenylphosphino)benzylidene]-1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane | 174758-63-5 | C44H44N2P2 |
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(1R,2R)-N,N,N’-三甲基-1,2-环己二胺 | (1R,2R)‐N,N,N'‐trimethyl‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane | 79150-46-2 | C9H20N2 |
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(1R,2R)-N,N'-二甲基-1,2-二苯基-1,2-乙二胺 | (S,S)-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine | 60508-97-6 | C16H20N2 |
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(1R,2R)-N,N'-二-对-甲苯磺酰-1,2-二苯基-1,2-乙烯二胺 | (1R,2R)-1,2-N,N'-bis(p-toluenesulfonylamino)-1,2-diphenylethane | 121758-19-8 | C28H28N2O4S2 |
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(1R,2R)-BOC-2-氨基环己烷甲酸 | (1R,2S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid | 352356-38-8 | C12H21NO4 |
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(1R,2R)-2-甲基环丙烷羧酸 | (1R,2R)-2-methylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid | 10487-86-2 | C5H8O2 |
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(1R,2R)-2-氨基环己甲酸 | (1R,2R)-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic Acid | 5691-19-0 | C7H13NO2 |
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(1R,2R)-1,2-环己烷二羧酸单甲酯 | (1R,2R)-2-(methoxycarbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid | 96894-64-3 | C9H14O4 |
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(1R,2R)-1,2-双(2-甲氧基苯基)乙二胺 | (1R,2R)-1,2-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine | 758691-50-8 | C16H20N2O2 |
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(1R,2R)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺 | (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine | 35132-20-8 | C14H16N2 |
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(1R,2R)-(-)-N-对甲苯磺酰基-1,2-环己二胺 | (1R,2R)-(-)-N-p-tosyl-1,2-cyclohexanediamine | 174291-96-4 | C13H20N2O2S |
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(1R,2R)-(+)-N,N′-二对甲苯磺酰基-1,2-环己二胺 | (R,R)-1,2-bis(tosylamino)cyclohexane | 143585-47-1 | C20H26N2O4S2 |
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(1R,2R)-(+)-N,N-二甲基-1,2-双[3-(三氟醚甲基)苯-1,2-乙烷二胺 | (R,R)-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-bis(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,2-ethanediamine | 137944-39-9 | C18H18F6N2 |
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(1R,2R)-(+)-N,N-二甲基-1,2-二苯基-1,2-二乙胺 | (1R,2R)-(+)-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diphenyl-ethylenediamine | 118628-68-5 | C16H20N2 |
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(1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-双(4-二甲基氨基苯基)乙二胺四盐酸盐 | d,l-1',2'-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethylenediamine | 866267-84-7 | C18H26N4 |
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(1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-二氨基环己烷-N,N′-双(2-苯基膦-1-萘酰基) | (1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N’-bis(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthoyl) | 174810-09-4 | C52H44N2O2P2 |
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(1R)-反式-4-[N-叔丁氧羰基-1-氨基乙基]环己烷羧酸 | (1R)-trans-4-[N-Boc-1-aMinoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid | 671815-99-9 | C14H25NO4 |
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(1R)-反式-4-[N-叔丁氧羰基-1-氨基乙基]-N-4-吡啶基-环己烷甲酰胺 | (1R)-trans-4-[N-Boc-1-aminoethyl]-N-4-pyridinyl-cyclohexanecarboxamide | 671816-04-9 | C19H29N3O3 |
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(1R)-反式-2-(苯基甲氧基)环己胺 (1R,2R)-1-氨基-2-苄氧基环己烷 | (1R,2R)-1-amino-2-benzyloxycyclohexane | 216394-06-8 | C13H19NO |
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(1R)-反-N,N′-1,2-环己二基双(1,1,1-三氟甲磺酰胺) | N,N’-(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide) | 122833-60-7 | C8H12F6N2O4S2 |
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(1R)-4-[1-氨基乙基]苯酚 | (R)-4-(1-aminoethyl)phenol | 134855-88-2 | C8H11NO |
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(1R)-2-[[6-[2-[(2,6-二氯苄基)氧基]乙氧基]己基]氨基]-1-(2,2-二甲基-4H-1,3-苯并二氧杂环己-6-基)乙醇 | (1R)-2-((6-(2-((2,6-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)ethoxy)hexyl)amino)-1-(2,2-dimethyl-4H-1,3-benzodioxin-6-yl)ethanol | 503068-37-9 | C27H37Cl2NO5 |
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(1R)-10-樟脑磺酰胺 | (+/-)-10-Camphorsulfonamide | 72597-34-3 | C10H17NO3S |
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(1R)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1-丙胺 | (R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-amine | 235083-55-3 | C10H15NO |
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