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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 有机原料

    有机原料

    有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工，粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业，煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国，早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物，以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。

    基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有：氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类（如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃）、芳香烃类（如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯）等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中，可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料；通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料；适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料；从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃；通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化，可以制得合成气；由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外，还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。

    有机原料的应用范围广泛，主要可分为三个方面：一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料，即聚合反应单体；二是用于其他有机化学工业，包括精细化工产品的原料；三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础，在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Bornyl salicylate 560-88-3 C17H22O3
    Bornyl salicylate
    —— Disodium 7-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-4-hydroxy-3-((4-((4-sulphonatophenyl)azo)phenyl)azo)naphthalene-2-sulphonate 5873-20-1 C23H16N6Na2O8S2
    Disodium 7-((aminocarbonyl)amino)-4-hydroxy-3-((4-((4-sulphonatophenyl)azo)phenyl)azo)naphthalene-2-sulphonate
    —— 5762-18-5 C27H42O5SSn
    —— Chromium(2+);oxido(triphenyl)silane;dihydrate 1624-02-8 C36H34CrO4Si2
    Chromium(2+);oxido(triphenyl)silane;dihydrate
    —— 624-78-2 C3H8N*H
    —— methyl cytisine iodide salt 20013-22-3 C12H16N2O*HI
    methyl cytisine iodide salt
    —— 78-81-9 C4H10N*H
    —— 75-31-0 C3H8N*H
    —— 109-73-9 C4H10N*H
    —— Disodium 7-(acetylamino)-3-((4-((4-chloro-2-sulphonatophenyl)azo)-2,5-dimethylphenyl)azo)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonate 5873-19-8 C26H20ClN5Na2O8S2
    Disodium 7-(acetylamino)-3-((4-((4-chloro-2-sulphonatophenyl)azo)-2,5-dimethylphenyl)azo)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonate
    —— N-Demethyltropisetron 89565-91-3 C16H18N2O2
    N-Demethyltropisetron
    —— 1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione;1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate;ZINC 13463-41-7 C10H9N2O2S2Zn-
    1-Hydroxypyridine-2-thione;1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-2-thiolate;ZINC
    —— Manganese;phosphoric acid 10124-54-6 H3MnO4P
    Manganese;phosphoric acid
    —— N,N-dimethyl-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethylamine 55700-44-2 C26H28FeNP
    N,N-dimethyl-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethylamine
    —— Monocopper(II) citrate 866-82-0 C6H8CuO7
    Monocopper(II) citrate
    —— 2-(4-Methyl-5-thiazolyl)ethyl isobutyrate 324742-95-2 C10H15NO2S
    2-(4-Methyl-5-thiazolyl)ethyl isobutyrate
    —— (2R,5S,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl (9Z)-octadec-9-enoate 303-43-5 C45H78O2
    (2R,5S,15R)-2,15-dimethyl-14-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]tetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl (9Z)-octadec-9-enoate
    —— 1-(3-Aminopropyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione hydrochloride 54052-99-2 C7H13ClN2O2
    1-(3-Aminopropyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione hydrochloride
    —— Benzyl 3-(aminomethyl)benzoate hydrochloride 1251924-33-0 C15H16ClNO2
    Benzyl 3-(aminomethyl)benzoate hydrochloride
    —— 4-Aminonicotinaldehyde dihydrochloride 927891-97-2 C6H8Cl2N2O
    4-Aminonicotinaldehyde dihydrochloride
    —— Ethane;methane;palladium(2+);triphenylphosphane;dichloride 13965-03-2 C41H46Cl2P2Pd
    Ethane;methane;palladium(2+);triphenylphosphane;dichloride
    —— 2-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid 852181-03-4 C5H5BrN2O2
    2-bromo-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid
    —— 6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid 1019021-78-3 C9H5F3N2O2
    6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,4R)-4-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylmethanol 1256636-31-3 C6H14N2O
    (2S,4R)-4-amino-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-ylmethanol
    —— Dde-Lys-OH 1189586-14-8 C21H34N2O6
    Dde-Lys-OH
    —— Calcium pantothenic hydrate 63409-48-3 C18H34CaN2O11
    Calcium pantothenic hydrate
    —— N-Fmoc-R-2-Chlorophenylglycine 1260589-83-0 C23H18ClNO4
    N-Fmoc-R-2-Chlorophenylglycine
    —— (R)-2-amino-4,4-difluorobutanoic acid 185348-78-1 C4H7F2NO2
    (R)-2-amino-4,4-difluorobutanoic acid
    —— (+)-4-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-pyrrolidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 455954-94-6 C16H20FNO4
    (+)-4-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-pyrrolidine-1,3-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester
    —— (R)-2-Amino-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)butanoic acid 1260614-74-1 C11H12F3NO2
    (R)-2-Amino-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)butanoic acid
    —— cis-1,3-Diisopropyl-cyclohexan 7045-70-7 C12H24
    cis-1,3-Diisopropyl-cyclohexan
    —— (R)-1-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-6-yl)ethanamine hydrochloride 1259780-63-6 C9H12ClN3
    (R)-1-(Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-6-yl)ethanamine hydrochloride
    —— 1-(3-Bromo-4-methylphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one 1226225-33-7 C11H12BrNO
    1-(3-Bromo-4-methylphenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one
    —— 3-(4-Bromo-2-chlorophenyl)acrylic acid 1233055-24-7 C9H6BrClO2
    3-(4-Bromo-2-chlorophenyl)acrylic acid
    —— 5-(4-Formylphenyl)-2-formylphenol 1261930-12-4 C14H10O3
    5-(4-Formylphenyl)-2-formylphenol
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine 1255636-82-8 C12H11NO2
    5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine
    —— Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) carbonyl chloride 13938-94-8 C37H30Cl2OP2Rh
    Bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I) carbonyl chloride
    —— Potassium tetraoxalate dihydrate 6100-20-5 C8H4K8O18
    Potassium tetraoxalate dihydrate
    —— Bisbutiamine 3286-45-1 C32H46N8O6S2
    Bisbutiamine
    —— 5-Bromo-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-Phenyl-1H-Pyrazole-4-Carbaldehyde 1188037-01-5 C17H13BrN2O2
    5-Bromo-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-Phenyl-1H-Pyrazole-4-Carbaldehyde
    —— Hexafluoropropan-2-one--(~2~H_2_)water (1/3) 109640-39-3 C3H6F6O4
    Hexafluoropropan-2-one--(~2~H_2_)water (1/3)
    —— Acetylacetone Copper(II) Salt 13395-16-9 C10H14CuO4
    Acetylacetone Copper(II) Salt
    —— Acetylacetone Nickel(II) Salt 3264-82-2 C10H14NiO4
    Acetylacetone Nickel(II) Salt
    —— europium(3+);(E)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate 15522-71-1 C33H57EuO6
    europium(3+);(E)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate
    —— 820965-08-0 C8H15Br3N2 ——
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine 42880-07-9 C15H11Cl6N3O2
    2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-s-triazine
    —— Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)iron(III) 14024-18-1 C15H21FeO6
    Tris(2,4-pentanedionato)iron(III)
    —— Acetylacetone Zinc(II) Salt 14024-63-6 C10H14O4Zn
    Acetylacetone Zinc(II) Salt
    —— Hexafluoroacetylacetono Nickel(II) Salt 14949-69-0 C10H2F12NiO4
    Hexafluoroacetylacetono Nickel(II) Salt
    —— Pr(dpm)3 15492-48-5 C33H57O6Pr
    Pr(dpm)3