有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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3-[2-(三氟甲基)苯基]丙酸 | 3-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)propanoic acid | 94022-99-8 | C10H9F3O2 |
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3-[2-(3-乙氧基-3-羰基丙氧基)-乙氧基]-丙酸 | 3-(2-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropoxy)ethoxy)propanoic acid | 886362-90-9 | C10H18O6 |
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3-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]丙酸 | 3-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]propanoic acid | 209542-49-4 | C8H16O5 |
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3-[2-(2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙基-(3-甲基苯基)氨基]丙腈 | N-(2-Cyanethyl)-N-(2-succinimidoethyl)-m-toluidin | 2223-89-4 | C16H19N3O2 |
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3-[2-(1,3-二氧杂环戊烷-2-基)乙基]-7,8-二甲氧基-1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-3-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮 | 3-[2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-ethyl]-7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-3-benzazepin-2-one | 866462-51-3 | C17H23NO5 |
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3-[1,2,4]噻唑-4-苯胺 | 3-(1,3,4-triazol-1-yl)aniline | 252928-92-0 | C8H8N4 |
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3-[(甲基磺酰基)硫基]丙酸 | 3-methanesulfonylsulfanyl-propionic acid | 92953-12-3 | C4H8O4S2 |
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3-[(氨基亚氨基甲基)硫基]丙酸单盐酸盐 | S-(2-Carboxy-ethyl)-isothiuronium | 871-62-5 | C4H8N2O2S*ClH |
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3-[(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基]-3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)丙酸 | 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid | 284492-37-1 | C16H23NO6 |
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3-[(叔丁氧基)羰基]双环[1.1.1]戊烷-1-羧酸 | 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acid | 1638765-30-6 | C11H16O4 |
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3-[(二甲氨基)甲基]-4-羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲醛 | 3-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde | 87743-10-0 | C11H15NO3 |
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3-[(乙基氨基)甲基]-1-吡咯烷甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-Butyl 3-((ethylamino)methyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate | 887591-54-0 | C12H24N2O2 |
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3-[(4-甲氧基苄基)氧基]-1-丙醇 | 3-(4-methoxybenzyl)oxypropan-1-ol | 135362-69-5 | C11H16O3 |
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3-[(4-甲基苯基)硫基]丙酸 | 3-[(4-methylphenyl)thio]propionic acid | 13739-35-0 | C10H12O2S |
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3-[(4-氨基-3-甲氧基苯基)偶氮]-苯磺酸 | m-[(4-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid | 138-28-3 | C13H13N3O4S |
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3-[(4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基]-5-(2-羟基乙基)-4-甲基噻唑鎓萘-1,5-二磺酸盐 | 3-((4-Amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium hydrogen naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate | 573-09-1 | C22H24N4O7S3 |
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3-[(4-氨基-1-萘基)偶氮]苯磺酸钠 | Benzenesulfonic acid, 3-[(4-amino-1-naphthalenyl)azo]-, monosodium salt | 6300-22-7 | C16H12N3NaO3S |
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3-[(3-胆胺丙基)二甲基氨基]-2-羟基-1-丙磺酸内盐 | CHAPSO | 82473-24-3 | C32H58N2O8S |
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3-[(3-胆固醇氨丙基)二甲基氨基]-1-丙磺酸 | Chaps | 75621-03-3 | C32H58N2O7S |
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3-[(3-氨基-3-氧代丙基)硫代]丙酰胺 | thiodipropionic acid bis-amide | 5459-10-9 | C6H12N2O2S |
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3-[(3-丙烯酰胺基丙基)二甲基铵]丙酸盐 | carboxybetaine acrylamide | 79704-35-1 | C11H20N2O3 |
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3-[(23-羟基-3,6,9,12,15,18,21-七氧杂二十三烷-1-基)氧基]丙酸 | 1-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxaheptacosan-27-oic acid | 937188-60-8 | C19H38O11 |
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3-[(2-全氟己基)乙氧基]-1,2-环氧丙烷 | 3-[2-(tridecafluorohexyl)ethoxy]-1,2-epoxypropane | 122193-68-4 | C11H9F13O2 |
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3-[(2,7-二甲氧基吖啶-9-基)硫基]丙胺 | LDN-192960 | 184582-62-5 | C18H20N2O2S |
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3-[(1S)-1-(二甲氨基)乙基]苯酚盐酸盐 | (S)-3-(1-dimethylaminoethyl)phenol hydrochloride | 894079-56-2 | C10H15NO*ClH |
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3-[(1R)-1-(二甲基氨基)乙基]苯酚 | 3-[1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol | 851086-95-8 | C10H15NO |
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3-O-对香豆酰基奎宁酸 | trans-3-p-coumaroylquinic acid | 1899-30-5 | C16H18O8 |
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3-O-咖啡酰莽草酸 | 3-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid | 180981-12-8 | C16H16O8 |
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3-O-乙酰基-2,6-脱水-5-脱氧-1,4-二-O-(三异丙基硅烷基)-D-阿拉伯糖-己-5-烯糖 | Acetic acid (2R,3S,4R)-4-triisopropylsilanyloxy-2-triisopropylsilanyloxymethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl ester | 201053-38-5 | C26H52O5Si2 |
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3-N-苄氧羰基氨基-2,6-二氧代哌啶 | 3-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-amino-2,6-dioxopiperidine | 24666-55-5 | C13H14N2O4 |
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3-N-乙基氨基苯基(beta-乙基硫酸酯)砜 | sulfuric acid mono-[2-(3-ethylamino-benzenesulfonyl)-ethyl] ester | 83574-63-4 | C10H15NO6S2 |
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3-N-乙基氨基乙酰苯胺 | N-(3-(ethylamino)phenyl)acetamide | 41378-27-2 | C10H14N2O |
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3-N-boc-氨基甲基苄胺盐酸盐 | 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl-aminomethyl)benzylamine hydrochloride | 914465-97-7 | C13H20N2O2*ClH |
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3-N-Boc-N-甲基氨基吡咯烷 | 3-<(t-butyloxycarbonyl)methylamino>-pyrrolidine | 172478-00-1 | C10H20N2O2 |
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3-N-BOC-氨基-4-甲基-吡咯烷 | tert-butyl (4-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate | 107610-92-4 | C10H20N2O2 |
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3-CBZ-6-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.1.0]己烷 | benzyl 6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carboxylate | 31865-25-5 | C12H13NO3 |
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3-Boc-甲氨基氮杂环丁烷盐酸盐 | tert-butyl azetidin-3-yl(methyl)carbamate hydrochloride | 943060-59-1 | C9H18N2O2*ClH |
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3-Boc-氨甲基哌啶盐酸盐 | tert-Butyl (piperidin-3-ylmethyl)carbamate hydrochloride | 1159826-67-1 | C11H22N2O2*ClH |
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3-Boc-氨甲基哌啶 | tert-butyl (piperidin-3-ylmethyl)carbamate | 142643-29-6 | C11H22N2O2 |
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3-Boc-氨基-3-(3-吡啶)-丙酸 | 3-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino-3-(3'-pyridyl)propionic acid | 166194-68-9 | C13H18N2O4 |
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3-Boc-氨基-1-Cbz-哌啶-3-羧酸 | 1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid | 885270-31-5 | C19H26N2O6 |
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3-Boc-6-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.1.0]己烷 | 1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-3,4-epoxypyrrolidine | 114214-49-2 | C9H15NO3 |
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3-Boc-1,2,3-恶噻唑烷2,2-二氧化物 | 2,2-dioxo-[1,2,3]oxathiazolidine-3-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 459817-82-4 | C7H13NO5S |
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3-BOC氨基丙酰胺 | tert-butyl (3-amino-3-oxopropyl)carbamate | 65983-35-9 | C8H16N2O3 |
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3-BOC氨基-5甲基己酸 | 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-5-methylhexanoic acid | 138165-75-0 | C12H23NO4 |
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3-BOC-9-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷 | tert-butyl 9-oxo-3-azaspiro[5.5]undecane-3-carboxylate | 873924-08-4 | C15H25NO3 |
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3-BETA-O-反式-对-香豆酰马期里酸 | 3-O-cis-Coumaroylmaslinic acid | 35482-91-8 | C39H54O6 |
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3-(间氨基苯基)-N-(邻甲氧基苯基)-3-氧代丙酰胺 | 2-<3-Amino-benzoyl>-essigsaeure-<2-methoxy-anilid> | 92-17-1 | C16H16N2O3 |
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3-(辛基硫代)丙酸 | 3-(octylthio)propanoic acid | 6964-23-4 | C11H22O2S |
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3-(萘-1-基氧基)-1-苯基丙烷-1-醇 | 3-(naphthalen-1-yloxy)-1-phenyl-propan-1-ol | 908291-72-5 | C19H18O2 |
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