有机原料主要包括以石油和天然气为原料的石油化工,粮食发酵制酒精或溶剂业,煤气化后的原料气以及煤干馏回收的煤焦油制成的各种有机化工产品。在我国,早期发展主要依赖于以煤产电石生成乙炔路线、煤气化合成甲醇和甲醛路线、回收煤焦油中的苯、萘、蒽等化合物,以及利用粮食发酵蒸馏制得酒精。
基本有机化工所用的主要直接原料有:氢气、一氧化碳、脂肪烃类(如甲烷、乙烯、乙炔、丙烯及C4以上的脂肪烃)、芳香烃类(如苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯)等。从原油、石油馏分或低碳烷烃的裂解气、炼厂气以及煤气中,可以分离出用于不同目的的脂肪烃原料;通过催化重整的重整汽油、烃类裂解的裂解汽油以及煤干馏的煤焦油中的芳烃原料;适当的石油馏分也可直接用作某些产品的原料;从湿性天然气可分离出甲烷以外的其他低碳烷烃;通过煤气化和天然气、炼厂气或石油馏分的部分氧化,可以制得合成气;由焦炭制得的碳化钙或天然气、石脑油裂解均可获得乙炔。此外,还可以利用农林副产品作为原料。
有机原料的应用范围广泛,主要可分为三个方面:一是用于生产高分子化工产品的原料,即聚合反应单体;二是用于其他有机化学工业,包括精细化工产品的原料;三是用于溶剂、冷冻剂、防冻剂和气体吸附剂等。基本有机化工是发展各种有机化学品的基础,在现代工业结构中占据重要地位。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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3-(5-甲基-1H-吡咯-4-基)丙胺 | 3-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)propan-1-amine | 28739-42-6 | C7H13N3 |
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3-(5-甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)苯甲醛 | 3-(5-Methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzaldehyde | 852180-68-8 | C10H8N2O2 |
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3-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基)丙酸甲酯 | Methyl 3-(5-bromopyridin-2-YL)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)propanoate | 656801-27-3 | C14H18BrNO4 |
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3-(5-溴-2-氟苯基)丙酸 | 3-(5-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-propan-1-ol | 1057673-68-3 | C9H10BrFO |
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3-(5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫基)丙酸 | 2-(2-carboxyethyl)thio-5-thiol-1,3,4-thiadiazole | 57658-21-6 | C5H6N2O2S3 |
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3-(5-对甲苯-1H-吡咯-2-基)-丙酸 | 4-benzyloxy-2-(2'-carbomethoxy)thiophenylnitrobenzene | 329217-03-0 | C21H17NO5S |
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3-(5-噁唑基)苯胺 | 3-(5-oxazolyl)-benzenamine | 157837-31-5 | C9H8N2O |
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3-(5-噁唑基)苯甲酸 | 3-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)benzoic acid | 252928-82-8 | C10H7NO3 |
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3-(4H-1,2,4-噻唑-4-基)苯酚 | 3-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenol | 746656-39-3 | C8H7N3O |
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3-(4-羟基苯基)丙肼 | 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane hydrazide | 65330-63-4 | C9H12N2O2 |
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3-(4-羟基苯基)-丙胺 | 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide | 23838-70-2 | C9H11NO2 |
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3-(4-羟基苯基)-7-甲氧基-4H-色烯-4-酮 | isoformononetin | 486-63-5 | C16H12O4 |
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3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)丙酸甲酯 | methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoate | 56024-44-3 | C11H14O4 |
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3-(4-硝基苯基)丙酸 | 3-(4-nitrophenyl)propionic acid | 16642-79-8 | C9H9NO4 |
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3-(4-硝基苯基)-1H-吡唑 | 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrazole | 20583-31-7 | C9H7N3O2 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)丙酸 | 3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid | 20811-60-3 | C10H12O4 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-1-丙胺 | 3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propan-1-amine | 100841-00-7 | C10H15NO2 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)草酸吡咯烷 | 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidine oxalate | 96877-34-8 | C13H17NO5 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯甲醛 | 4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carbaldehyde | 118350-17-7 | C14H12O2 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)环戊酮 | 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclopentanone | 116526-34-2 | C12H14O2 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)吡咯烷 | 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidine | 91246-26-3 | C11H15NO |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-异噁唑羧酸 | 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-isoxazolylcarboxylic acid | 618383-47-4 | C11H9NO4 |
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3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醛 | 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde | 199682-73-0 | C11H10N2O2 |
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3-(4-甲基磺酰基苯甲酰)丙酸 | 3-(4-methylsulfonylbenzoyl)propionic acid | 7028-79-7 | C11H12O5S |
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3-(4-溴苯胺基)-3-氧代丙酸甲酯 | methyl 3-((4-bromophenyl)amino)-3-oxopropanoate | 669000-20-8 | C10H10BrNO3 |
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3-(4-溴苯氨基)-3-氧代丙酸 | 3-((4-bromophenyl)amino)-3-oxopropanoic acid | 95262-09-2 | C9H8BrNO3 |
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3-(4-溴苯氧基)丙酸 | 3-(4-bromophenoxy)propanoic acid | 93670-18-9 | C9H9BrO3 |
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3-(4-溴苯基吡唑 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-pyrazole | 73387-46-9 | C9H7BrN2 |
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3-(4-溴苯基)环丁烷羧酸 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)cyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid | 149506-16-1 | C11H11BrO2 |
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3-(4-溴苯基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)oxetan-3-ol | 1093878-32-0 | C9H9BrO2 |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-哌啶 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)piperidine | 769944-72-1 | C11H14BrN |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-吡咯烷盐酸盐 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride | 1187931-39-0 | C10H12BrN*ClH |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-9-苯基咔唑 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole | 1028647-93-9 | C24H16BrN |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-3-氧杂环丁烷羧酸 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)oxetane-3-carboxylic acid | 1393585-20-0 | C10H9BrO3 |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione | 21724-96-9 | C10H6BrNO2 |
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3-(4-溴苯基)-1,1,1-三氟-2-丙醇 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol | 1148050-30-9 | C9H8BrF3O |
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3-(4-溴-3-苯基)-5-羟甲基噁唑烷-2-酮/特地唑胺杂质 | 3-(4-bromophenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one | 885951-58-6 | C10H10BrNO3 |
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3-(4-溴-2-氟苯基)丙酸 | 3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid | 134057-95-7 | C9H8BrFO2 |
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3-(4-氯苯硫基)丁酸 | 3-(4-chlorophenylthio)butanoic acid | 90919-34-9 | C10H11ClO2S |
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3-(4-氯苯甲酰基)丁酸 | 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxobutyric acid | 52240-25-2 | C11H11ClO3 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)戊二酸 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)pentane-1,5-dioic acid | 35271-74-0 | C11H11ClO4 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)吡咯烷 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine | 120418-62-4 | C10H12ClN |
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3-(4-氯苯基)丙炔酸甲酯,(4-氯苯基)丙炔酸甲酯,3-(4-氯苯基)-2-丙炔酸甲酯 | methyl 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propynoate | 7515-18-6 | C10H7ClO2 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基-4-异?唑羧酸 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid | 91182-87-5 | C11H8ClNO3 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)-4- 苯基-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole | 59074-26-9 | C15H13ClN2 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)-2,5-呋喃二酮 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dihydrofuran-2,5-dione | 3152-15-6 | C10H5ClO3 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole | 59843-58-2 | C9H7ClN2 |
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3-(4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-1-苯基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-1-丙醇 | Brassinazole | 224047-41-0 | C18H18ClN3O |
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3-(4-氯-苯基)-2-硫代-2,3-二氢-1H-喹唑啉-4-酮 | 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-4-one | 1028-40-6 | C14H9ClN2OS |
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3-(4-氨基苯氧基)-吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯 | 3-(4-amino-phenoxy)-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester | 862874-75-7 | C15H22N2O3 |
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