Described herein are apparatus and methods for detecting substances of abuse or other analytes in liquids. For example, the apparatus and methods described herein can be used for real-time detection of analytes, such as substances of abuse. The methods comprise providing a detection area comprising a chromatographic membrane capable of receiving the liquid and allowing for migration of the liquid, the chromatographic membrane comprising an anti-analyte antibody-particle conjugate, an analyte-conjugate protein at a test line; exposing at least the first location of the apparatus to the liquid; and determining whether an interaction between the analyte-conjugate protein and the liquid occurs to detect the presence of the analyte. The chromatographic membrane may further comprise an anti-species antibody at a control line. Specific buffers are disclosed, and these buffers may be used in the preparation of the apparatus to overcome challenges associated with miniaturization and challenges associated with exposure to beverages.
本文描述的是用于检测液体中的滥用物质或其他分析物的仪器和方法。例如,本文所述仪器和方法可用于实时检测分析物,如滥用物质。这些方法包括提供一个检测区,该检测区包括一个色谱膜,该色谱膜能够接收液体并允许液体迁移,该色谱膜包括抗分析物
抗体-颗粒共轭物、检测线上的分析物-共轭蛋白;将仪器的至少第一个位置暴露在液体中;以及确定分析物-共轭蛋白与液体之间是否发生相互作用,以检测分析物的存在。色谱膜可进一步包括控制线上的抗物种
抗体。公开了特定的缓冲液,这些缓冲液可用于仪器的制备,以克服与微型化相关的挑战和与暴露于饮料相关的挑战。