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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— Ethanol, 2-mercapto-, reaction products with 1-hexene 75535-35-2 C8H18OS
Ethanol, 2-mercapto-, reaction products with 1-hexene
—— N-Methallylthiocarbamidsaeure-O-methylester 79207-64-0 C6H11NOS
N-Methallylthiocarbamidsaeure-O-methylester
—— ((2,2'-Thiobis(4-chlorophenolato))-O,O',S)zinc 83846-51-9 C12H8Cl2O2SZn
((2,2'-Thiobis(4-chlorophenolato))-O,O',S)zinc
—— 4,8-bis(methylthio)-1,3,5,7-tetrathia-s-indacene-2,6-dithione 113019-96-8 C10H6S8
4,8-bis(methylthio)-1,3,5,7-tetrathia-s-indacene-2,6-dithione
—— 1-chloro-2,4-bis-methylsulfanyl-benzene 78987-58-3 C8H9ClS2
1-chloro-2,4-bis-methylsulfanyl-benzene
—— 3-Azido-2-methyl-5-methylthio-1,2,4-triazol —— C4H6N6S
3-Azido-2-methyl-5-methylthio-1,2,4-triazol
—— 2-(4-Formylphenyl)sulfanylbenzonitrile 1237742-26-5 C14H9NOS
2-(4-Formylphenyl)sulfanylbenzonitrile
—— 4-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)thio]-1,3-benzenediol 1855909-31-7 C13H12O3S
4-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)thio]-1,3-benzenediol
—— 4-(4-amino-phenylsulfanyl)-3-chloro-phenol 105945-27-5 C12H10ClNOS
4-(4-amino-phenylsulfanyl)-3-chloro-phenol
—— 4-(2,6-Dimethyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-4-yl)sulfanyl-2,6-dimethyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium 23429-27-8 C14H16N2O2S
4-(2,6-Dimethyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-4-yl)sulfanyl-2,6-dimethyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium
—— 1-n-Decyl-3-isobutyl-2-thioharnstoff 62552-32-3 C15H32N2S
1-n-Decyl-3-isobutyl-2-thioharnstoff
—— methyl 2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylsulfanyl)propanoate 225224-63-5 C6H9N3O2S
methyl 2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylsulfanyl)propanoate
—— 4-(1-Methyltetrazol-5-yl)sulfanylbutan-2-one 392712-88-8 C6H10N4OS
4-(1-Methyltetrazol-5-yl)sulfanylbutan-2-one
—— 2-[(3-Chlorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]-1-methylimidazole 87578-04-9 C11H11ClN2S
2-[(3-Chlorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]-1-methylimidazole
—— [1-Methyl-5-(4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-carbamic acid methyl ester 89145-48-2 C13H17N3O2S
[1-Methyl-5-(4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-carbamic acid methyl ester
—— trimethyl-[(Z)-2-phenyl-1-phenylsulfanylethenyl]stannane —— C17H20SSn
trimethyl-[(Z)-2-phenyl-1-phenylsulfanylethenyl]stannane
—— Trimethyl[2-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]stannane 62762-10-1 C17H20SSn
Trimethyl[2-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]stannane
—— (Z)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-3-tributylstannanyl-acrylic acid methyl ester 140171-96-6 C22H36O2SSn
(Z)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-3-tributylstannanyl-acrylic acid methyl ester
—— 1,2-dithiophenyl-1,2-dicyanocyclopropane 126993-43-9 C17H12N2S2
1,2-dithiophenyl-1,2-dicyanocyclopropane
—— N-methyl-N'-2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethylthiourea 452289-28-0 C10H18N2S
N-methyl-N'-2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethylthiourea
—— 1-Allyl-1-octylsulfanyl-cyclohexane 138883-94-0 C17H32S
1-Allyl-1-octylsulfanyl-cyclohexane
—— 6-(4-Acetylaminophenylmercapto)-purin 52377-85-2 C13H11N5OS
6-(4-Acetylaminophenylmercapto)-purin
—— 1H-Pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]thiazin-2-one hydrochloride 18504-83-1 C7H7ClN2OS
1H-Pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]thiazin-2-one hydrochloride
—— Methanidylsulfanylmethane 61192-31-2 C2H5S
Methanidylsulfanylmethane
—— 3-(4-bromophenylthio)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-1-propanone 477859-21-5 C13H11BrOS2
3-(4-bromophenylthio)-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-1-propanone
—— 1,3-Benzenediol, 4,4'-thiobis[6-chloro- 28341-68-6 C12H8Cl2O4S
1,3-Benzenediol, 4,4'-thiobis[6-chloro-
—— propanethial 16696-81-4 C3H6S
propanethial
—— Thiocyanic acid, 4-(((5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene)amino)phenyl ester 55720-19-9 C14H9ClN2OS
Thiocyanic acid, 4-(((5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene)amino)phenyl ester
—— Ethanamine, 2,2'-dithiobis-, dihydrobromide 21198-98-1 C4H14Br2N2S2
Ethanamine, 2,2'-dithiobis-, dihydrobromide
—— 4-(2,4-dinitro-phenylsulfanyl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-2-one 73768-70-4 C10H6N4O5S
4-(2,4-dinitro-phenylsulfanyl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-2-one
—— Hydrazine, (4-(phenylthio)phenyl)- 76174-17-9 C12H12N2S
Hydrazine, (4-(phenylthio)phenyl)-
—— 1-Methylsulfonyl-N,N-dipropylformamide 141931-30-8 C8H17NO3S
1-Methylsulfonyl-N,N-dipropylformamide
—— 4(5H)-Pyrimidinone, 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-(2-pyrimidinylthio)- 127183-44-2 C7H5F3N2OS
4(5H)-Pyrimidinone, 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-(2-pyrimidinylthio)-
—— 1H-Imidazole, 1-(3,3-dimethyl-2-((4-(methylthio)phenyl)methyl)-1-oxobutyl)- 89372-85-0 C17H22N2OS
1H-Imidazole, 1-(3,3-dimethyl-2-((4-(methylthio)phenyl)methyl)-1-oxobutyl)-
—— S-(diethylcarbamoylsulfanyl) N,N-diethylcarbamothioate;molecular iodine 29925-58-4 C10H20I2N2O2S2
S-(diethylcarbamoylsulfanyl) N,N-diethylcarbamothioate;molecular iodine
—— Diisobutyl dixanthogen 18277-30-0 C10H18O4S2
Diisobutyl dixanthogen
—— Ethyl 6-ammonium dithiohexanoate-4-toluene sulfonate 24748-72-9 C15H25NO3S3
Ethyl 6-ammonium dithiohexanoate-4-toluene sulfonate
—— 1-methyl-4-(2-(phenylthio)benzyl)piperazine 47159-85-3 C18H22N2S
1-methyl-4-(2-(phenylthio)benzyl)piperazine
—— Phosphoric acid, diethyl 1-(phenylthio)vinyl ester 2274-95-5 C12H17O4PS
Phosphoric acid, diethyl 1-(phenylthio)vinyl ester
—— 6,7-dihydropyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]thiazine-4,6-dione 16025-07-3 C6H5N3O2S
6,7-dihydropyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]thiazine-4,6-dione
—— 2-(1-Piperidinyl)ethyl ((4-chlorophenyl)thio)acetate hydrochloride 35859-46-2 C15H21Cl2NO2S
2-(1-Piperidinyl)ethyl ((4-chlorophenyl)thio)acetate hydrochloride
—— 2,5-Bis[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione 6322-77-6 C20H16O2S2
2,5-Bis[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
—— 2,2-Dimethylpropoxymethanedithioic acid 5398-28-7 C6H12OS2
2,2-Dimethylpropoxymethanedithioic acid
—— 2-(Dimethylaminomethylsulfanyl)ethanol 92332-42-8 C5H13NOS
2-(Dimethylaminomethylsulfanyl)ethanol
—— 6-(Benzylthio)-pyrimidin-ol-(4) 6329-18-6 C11H10N2OS
6-(Benzylthio)-pyrimidin-ol-(4)
—— 2-(2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl-1-methoxy-4-methylbenzene 5465-70-3 C14H12ClNO3S
2-(2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl-1-methoxy-4-methylbenzene
—— 3-β-(Mercaptoethyl)cyclohexene 6337-39-9 C8H14S
3-β-(Mercaptoethyl)cyclohexene
—— 1-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1-pentylsulfanyl-ethylsulfanyl)-pentane 88649-69-8 C12H23Cl3S2
1-(2,2,2-Trichloro-1-pentylsulfanyl-ethylsulfanyl)-pentane
—— 4,4-bis-ethanesulfonyl-but-1-ene 6330-44-5 C8H16O4S2
4,4-bis-ethanesulfonyl-but-1-ene
—— 4-Benzylmercapto-2,6-diamino-pyridin 18960-92-4 C12H13N3S
4-Benzylmercapto-2,6-diamino-pyridin