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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2,5-bis(4-methylbenzylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 401641-23-4 C18H18N2S3
2,5-bis(4-methylbenzylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole
—— 4,5-bis(p-methyl-benzyl-thio)-1,3-dithiol-2-thione 176037-54-0 C19H18S5
4,5-bis(p-methyl-benzyl-thio)-1,3-dithiol-2-thione
—— 5-butylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde 98954-28-0 C9H12OS2
5-butylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— tert-butyl<<(S)-2,3-dihydro-4-(phenylthio)-2-furyl>methoxy>dimethylsilane 221459-12-7 C17H26O2SSi
tert-butyl<<(S)-2,3-dihydro-4-(phenylthio)-2-furyl>methoxy>dimethylsilane
—— ethyl 3-(4-cyano-3-hydroxy-5-{[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}thiophen-2-yl)-3-oxopropanoate 1448182-02-2 C18H17NO4S2
ethyl 3-(4-cyano-3-hydroxy-5-{[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}thiophen-2-yl)-3-oxopropanoate
—— 4-[(4-Methylphenyl)methylthio]pyridine-2-carbonitrile 225112-63-0 C14H12N2S
4-[(4-Methylphenyl)methylthio]pyridine-2-carbonitrile
—— 2-acetoxy-5-(ethylthio)furan 114583-66-3 C8H10O3S
2-acetoxy-5-(ethylthio)furan
—— 2-((ethoxycarbonyl)oxy)-5-(ethylthio)furan 114583-67-4 C9H12O4S
2-((ethoxycarbonyl)oxy)-5-(ethylthio)furan
—— 5-(ethylthio)-5-<2'-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl>furan-2(5H)-one 114583-60-7 C10H14O4S
5-(ethylthio)-5-<2'-(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl>furan-2(5H)-one
—— 5-(ethylthio)-5-(3'-oxycyclohexyl)furan-2(5H)-one 114583-59-4 C12H16O3S
5-(ethylthio)-5-(3'-oxycyclohexyl)furan-2(5H)-one
—— 3,5-bis(1'-hydroxypropyl)-5-(ethylthio)furan-2(5H)-one 114583-64-1 C12H20O4S
3,5-bis(1'-hydroxypropyl)-5-(ethylthio)furan-2(5H)-one
—— 2-butylmercapto-5-hydroxymethyl-thiophene 100144-46-5 C9H14OS2
2-butylmercapto-5-hydroxymethyl-thiophene
—— 2-Butylsulphanylthiophene 3988-71-4 C8H12S2
2-Butylsulphanylthiophene
—— 2,3-dimethoxy-5-phenylthio-1,4-diacetyloxynaphthalene 91814-53-8 C22H20O6S
2,3-dimethoxy-5-phenylthio-1,4-diacetyloxynaphthalene
—— trans-6-<(4-methylphenyl)thiomethyl>-7-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizin-8-one 141402-02-0 C22H21NOS
trans-6-<(4-methylphenyl)thiomethyl>-7-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizin-8-one
—— N,N’-bis(5-((4-methylbenzyl)thio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methane diamine 53151-31-8 C21H22N6S4
N,N’-bis(5-((4-methylbenzyl)thio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methane diamine
—— 2-(methylthio)-6-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 55361-63-2 C10H9N3OS
2-(methylthio)-6-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one
—— 2-pentylsulfanyl-thiophene 54798-87-7 C9H14S2
2-pentylsulfanyl-thiophene
—— 2-hydroxymethyl-5-pentylmercapto-thiophene 99180-86-6 C10H16OS2
2-hydroxymethyl-5-pentylmercapto-thiophene
—— bis-(2,2-bis-ethylsulfanyl-ethyl) ether 56999-22-5 C12H26OS4
bis-(2,2-bis-ethylsulfanyl-ethyl) ether
—— 2-(3-methyl-butylsulfanyl)-thiophene 7065-60-3 C9H14S2
2-(3-methyl-butylsulfanyl)-thiophene
—— 2-hydroxymethyl-5-isopentylmercapto-thiophene 99180-85-5 C10H16OS2
2-hydroxymethyl-5-isopentylmercapto-thiophene
—— 5-isopentylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde 99172-38-0 C10H14OS2
5-isopentylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— 5-pentylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde 99172-39-1 C10H14OS2
5-pentylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— methyl ethanimidothioate hydrochloride 5873-87-0 C3H7NS*ClH
methyl ethanimidothioate hydrochloride
—— 3-(allylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one 87450-63-3 C6H7N3OS
3-(allylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one
—— 2-heptylmercapto-thiophene 91967-26-9 C11H18S2
2-heptylmercapto-thiophene
—— 5-hexylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde 100056-99-3 C11H16OS2
5-hexylmercapto-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— 1-isopropylthiocarbonohydrazide 151998-87-7 C4H12N4S
1-isopropylthiocarbonohydrazide
—— 6-(Methylthio)-2-azapurine 49850-59-1 C5H5N5S
6-(Methylthio)-2-azapurine
—— (+/-)-2-(tert-butylsulfonyl)-propyl acetate 179612-13-6 C9H18O4S
(+/-)-2-(tert-butylsulfonyl)-propyl acetate
—— Dimethyl-phenyl-spiro[1,3-dithiolane-2,8'-bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene]-7'-yloxysilane 1149670-51-8 C18H20OS2Si
Dimethyl-phenyl-spiro[1,3-dithiolane-2,8'-bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene]-7'-yloxysilane
—— 5-(ethylthio)furan-2-carbaldehyde 21985-59-1 C7H8O2S
5-(ethylthio)furan-2-carbaldehyde
—— (2-tert-butylsulfonyl)-ethan-1-ol 42779-14-6 C6H14O3S
(2-tert-butylsulfonyl)-ethan-1-ol
—— (+/-)-2-(tert-butylsulfonyl)propan-1-ol 179612-01-2 C7H16O3S
(+/-)-2-(tert-butylsulfonyl)propan-1-ol
—— Hydrazinthiocarbonsaeure-S-methylester 74585-83-4 C2H6N2OS
Hydrazinthiocarbonsaeure-S-methylester
—— 2,2'-[(4,5-Dimethyl-1,2-phenylene)bis(methylenesulfanediyl)]dianiline 627102-17-4 C22H24N2S2
2,2'-[(4,5-Dimethyl-1,2-phenylene)bis(methylenesulfanediyl)]dianiline
—— 2-[4-(ethylthio)-2-methylphenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane 779329-17-8 C15H23BO2S
2-[4-(ethylthio)-2-methylphenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane
—— 2-tert-butyl-3-(phenylthio)-1H-indole 1213786-11-8 C18H19NS
2-tert-butyl-3-(phenylthio)-1H-indole
—— 1-bromo-4-ethanesulfanyl-2-methyl benzene 777943-99-4 C9H11BrS
1-bromo-4-ethanesulfanyl-2-methyl benzene
—— dithiopropanoate de crotyle trans 57121-69-4 C7H12S2
dithiopropanoate de crotyle trans
—— 6-phenylthiohex-2-ene 90493-74-6 C12H16S
6-phenylthiohex-2-ene
—— 2-(2-propyl)-2-(ethyl-1,1-d2)-1,3-dithiane 119336-35-5 C9H18S2
2-(2-propyl)-2-(ethyl-1,1-d2)-1,3-dithiane
—— S-butyl-thiocarbonic acid O-ethyl ester 68167-31-7 C7H14O2S
S-butyl-thiocarbonic acid O-ethyl ester
—— 4-(2-Propan-2-yl-1,3-dithian-2-yl)butan-1-ol 954113-48-5 C11H22OS2
4-(2-Propan-2-yl-1,3-dithian-2-yl)butan-1-ol
—— 2-(2-propyl)-2-(methyl-1,1,1-d3)-1,3-dithiane 119336-34-4 C8H16S2
2-(2-propyl)-2-(methyl-1,1,1-d3)-1,3-dithiane
—— 3-isobutylsulfanyl-propane-1-thiol 26718-10-5 C7H16S2
3-isobutylsulfanyl-propane-1-thiol
—— 5,5-(propane-1',3'-dithio)-6-methylheptan-3-one 117365-71-6 C11H20OS2
5,5-(propane-1',3'-dithio)-6-methylheptan-3-one
—— 1-phenylsulfanyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropane 100045-89-4 C13H18S
1-phenylsulfanyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropane
—— 1-bromo-1-(phenylthio)-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropane 100082-44-8 C13H17BrS
1-bromo-1-(phenylthio)-2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropane