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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— {[(Benzylsulfanyl)(methanesulfonyl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene 64568-22-5 C15H16O2S3
{[(Benzylsulfanyl)(methanesulfonyl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene
—— 1-[(2-Methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene 64349-07-1 C6H12OS
1-[(2-Methoxyethyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene
—— Bromo(methanesulfonyl)acetyl chloride 64061-85-4 C3H4BrClO3S
Bromo(methanesulfonyl)acetyl chloride
—— 2-(2-Bromo-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester 63743-92-0 C15H13BrO2S
2-(2-Bromo-phenylsulfanyl)-benzoic acid ethyl ester
—— 1-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentane-2-sulfinyl)decan-2-OL 64461-01-4 C18H38O2S
1-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentane-2-sulfinyl)decan-2-OL
—— 4-Methyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoyl azide 64188-32-5 C12H13N3OS
4-Methyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)pent-2-enoyl azide
—— 2-Aethylmercapto-1.3-diaza-azulen 63710-76-9 C10H10N2S
2-Aethylmercapto-1.3-diaza-azulen
—— 8-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-one;trihydrate 63707-37-9 C8H15NO4S
8-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-one;trihydrate
—— 5-Bromo-1-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one 63822-83-3 C6H7BrN2OS
5-Bromo-1-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
—— 2-(Methanesulfinyl)-3-methylpenta-1,3-diene 63464-77-7 C7H12OS
2-(Methanesulfinyl)-3-methylpenta-1,3-diene
—— S-[2-(Methylsulfanyl)ethyl] dimethylcarbamothioate 63555-18-0 C6H13NOS2
S-[2-(Methylsulfanyl)ethyl] dimethylcarbamothioate
—— 1-[(But-1-en-3-yn-1-yl)sulfanyl]-9,9-dimethyldecane 63625-27-4 C16H28S
1-[(But-1-en-3-yn-1-yl)sulfanyl]-9,9-dimethyldecane
—— 1-(3-Bromopropoxy)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzene 63457-61-4 C15H15BrOS
1-(3-Bromopropoxy)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)benzene
—— 4-Methyl-2-(4-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-2H-1,3-benzodithiole 63726-92-1 C16H12S4
4-Methyl-2-(4-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-2H-1,3-benzodithiole
—— 4-methanesulfinyl-3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-pent-1-ene 63344-06-9 C9H18OS2
4-methanesulfinyl-3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-pent-1-ene
—— 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-[(pentylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclohex-1-ene 62754-47-6 C15H28S
1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-[(pentylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclohex-1-ene
—— 4-Methyl-2-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine 63274-27-1 C7H6Cl4N2S
4-Methyl-2-[(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine
—— 1-(Methanesulfinyl)-2-methylprop-1-ene 63315-65-1 C5H10OS
1-(Methanesulfinyl)-2-methylprop-1-ene
—— 3,3,10,10-Tetramethyl-1,2-dithia-5,8-diazacyclododecane 632330-79-1 C12H26N2S2
3,3,10,10-Tetramethyl-1,2-dithia-5,8-diazacyclododecane
—— 2-(dodecane-1-sulfinyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol 63107-07-3 C15H30O2S
2-(dodecane-1-sulfinyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol
—— S-(2-Methylbutyl) (3,7-dimethyloctyl)carbamothioate 63194-06-9 C16H33NOS
S-(2-Methylbutyl) (3,7-dimethyloctyl)carbamothioate
—— Dihydroxy(oxo)phosphanium;thiourea 63075-83-2 CH6N2O3PS+
Dihydroxy(oxo)phosphanium;thiourea
—— Tributyl(3-isothiocyanatopropyl)silane 63007-94-3 C16H33NSSi
Tributyl(3-isothiocyanatopropyl)silane
—— (E)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-acrylic acid 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester 63067-83-4 C14H18O4S
(E)-3-Phenylsulfanyl-acrylic acid 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester
—— 2,5-Dibutoxy-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1) 612478-40-7 C21H30ClNO2S
2,5-Dibutoxy-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1)
—— (Bis-phenylsulfanyl-methyl)-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester 62999-75-1 C15H17O3PS2
(Bis-phenylsulfanyl-methyl)-phosphonic acid dimethyl ester
—— 1,1-bis-ethanesulfonyl-2-ethoxy-ethene 62943-45-7 C8H16O5S2
1,1-bis-ethanesulfonyl-2-ethoxy-ethene
—— 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]thiazin-4-one 62117-23-1 C7H7N3O2S
5-(Hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]thiazin-4-one
—— 4-{[(4-Dodecylphenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione 62332-48-3 C22H32S4
4-{[(4-Dodecylphenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione
—— 5-ethanesulfonyl-3,3-dimethyl-3<i>H</i>-pyrazole 62046-16-6 C7H12N2O2S
5-ethanesulfonyl-3,3-dimethyl-3<i>H</i>-pyrazole
—— 2,2-Bis{[(pyridin-4-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}propane-1,3-diol 600718-04-5 C15H18N2O2S2
2,2-Bis{[(pyridin-4-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}propane-1,3-diol
—— 2,5-Bis(pentafluorophenyl)-3,4-bis[(pentafluorophenyl)sulfanyl]thiophene 602302-48-7 C28F20S3
2,5-Bis(pentafluorophenyl)-3,4-bis[(pentafluorophenyl)sulfanyl]thiophene
—— 3-(Phenylsulfanylmethyl)pyridine;hydrochloride 69966-48-9 C12H12ClNS
3-(Phenylsulfanylmethyl)pyridine;hydrochloride
—— Dibutyl[6-(butylsulfanyl)dec-5-EN-5-YL]borane 661488-88-6 C22H45BS
Dibutyl[6-(butylsulfanyl)dec-5-EN-5-YL]borane
—— Acetic acid;4-phenylsulfanylbuta-1,3-dien-1-ol 67700-05-4 C12H14O3S
Acetic acid;4-phenylsulfanylbuta-1,3-dien-1-ol
—— 3-[(Undec-10-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]propan-1-ol 661493-56-7 C14H28OS
3-[(Undec-10-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]propan-1-ol
—— 1,2-Bis(chloromethanesulfonyl)ethene 664306-73-4 C4H6Cl2O4S2
1,2-Bis(chloromethanesulfonyl)ethene
—— 2-(Ethanesulfonyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene 666-71-7 C5H7F3O2S
2-(Ethanesulfonyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene
—— 2-(2H-1,3-Benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-5-methyl-3-oxohexanenitrile 657411-06-8 C14H13NOS2
2-(2H-1,3-Benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-5-methyl-3-oxohexanenitrile
—— 1-Ethoxy-11-[(11-ethoxyundecyl)disulfanyl]undecane 662168-68-5 C26H54O2S2
1-Ethoxy-11-[(11-ethoxyundecyl)disulfanyl]undecane
—— 3-(2H-1,3-Benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-6-methylheptane-2,4-dione 657411-05-7 C15H16O2S2
3-(2H-1,3-Benzodithiol-2-ylidene)-6-methylheptane-2,4-dione
—— (2S,6S)-2-Methyl-6-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclohexan-1-one 66032-98-2 C13H16OS
(2S,6S)-2-Methyl-6-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclohexan-1-one
—— [[(Methylsulfonyl)methylsulfinyl]methylsulfinyl]methaneSulfenic acid 657391-54-3 C4H10O5S4
[[(Methylsulfonyl)methylsulfinyl]methylsulfinyl]methaneSulfenic acid
—— Acetic acid;3-methylsulfonylprop-2-en-1-ol 654641-15-3 C6H12O5S
Acetic acid;3-methylsulfonylprop-2-en-1-ol
—— S-[2-(Dimethylamino)-3-sulfanylpropyl] carbamothioate 652975-63-8 C6H14N2OS2
S-[2-(Dimethylamino)-3-sulfanylpropyl] carbamothioate
—— 2-Phenyl-2-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3-oxathiolane 652978-40-0 C17H18OS
2-Phenyl-2-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3-oxathiolane
—— (3S,4S)-1,1-bis(ethylsulfanyl)-4-(methoxymethoxy)oct-5-en-7-yn-3-ol 651043-68-4 C14H24O3S2
(3S,4S)-1,1-bis(ethylsulfanyl)-4-(methoxymethoxy)oct-5-en-7-yn-3-ol
—— (2S)-2-[(Phenylsulfanyl)methyl]butan-1-ol 651304-53-9 C11H16OS
(2S)-2-[(Phenylsulfanyl)methyl]butan-1-ol
—— 1-hexyl-2-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl)-4,5-dimethylbenzene 648436-28-6 C21H28OS
1-hexyl-2-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl)-4,5-dimethylbenzene
—— Methyl 2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]but-2-enoate 649766-86-9 C12H14O2S
Methyl 2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]but-2-enoate