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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— S-(5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) trichloroethanethioate 89200-33-9 C5H3Cl3N2OS2
S-(5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) trichloroethanethioate
—— N'-(2,2-Dimethylpropylidene)hydrazinecarbothiohydrazide 89108-13-4 C6H14N4S
N'-(2,2-Dimethylpropylidene)hydrazinecarbothiohydrazide
—— 6-Chloro-3-[(phenylsulfanyl)methylidene]hexan-2-one 89118-10-5 C13H15ClOS
6-Chloro-3-[(phenylsulfanyl)methylidene]hexan-2-one
—— β-ethylthiocrotonaldehyde diethyl acetal 89130-87-0 C10H20O2S
β-ethylthiocrotonaldehyde diethyl acetal
—— 1,2,4-Trichloro-5-(heptylsulfanyl)benzene 89165-42-4 C13H17Cl3S
1,2,4-Trichloro-5-(heptylsulfanyl)benzene
—— Benzene, 1-bromo-3-(octylthio)- 89165-41-3 C14H21BrS
Benzene, 1-bromo-3-(octylthio)-
—— Acetic acid;2,5-bis(phenylsulfanyl)benzene-1,4-diol 89202-65-3 C22H22O6S2
Acetic acid;2,5-bis(phenylsulfanyl)benzene-1,4-diol
—— Lithium 5-(ethylsulfanyl)thiophen-2-ide 89225-40-1 C6H7LiS2
Lithium 5-(ethylsulfanyl)thiophen-2-ide
—— 6-Chloro-4-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-43-8 C12H4Cl3N3O2S
6-Chloro-4-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— Ethyl methyl [2-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]phosphonate 89218-16-6 C17H21O3PS
Ethyl methyl [2-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]phosphonate
—— {[(Dichloromethoxy)methyl]disulfanyl}ethane 89264-61-9 C4H8Cl2OS2
{[(Dichloromethoxy)methyl]disulfanyl}ethane
—— 6-Chloro-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-46-1 C13H8ClN3O3S
6-Chloro-4-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— 6-Chloro-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-45-0 C13H8ClN3O2S
6-Chloro-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— 6-Chloro-4-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-47-2 C12H4Cl3N3O2S
6-Chloro-4-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— 6-Chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-42-7 C12H5Cl2N3O2S
6-Chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-5-nitropyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— 6-Chloro-5-nitro-4-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-3-carbonitrile 89247-44-9 C12H5ClN4O4S
6-Chloro-5-nitro-4-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— Propan-2-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamimidothioate 89269-28-3 C6H14N2S
Propan-2-yl N,N-dimethylcarbamimidothioate
—— Lithium 1,4-dithiaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-7-ide 89279-01-6 C8H11LiS2
Lithium 1,4-dithiaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-7-ide
—— 2-{[1-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-2-phenylethyl]sulfanyl}pyridine 89442-40-0 C16H15N3S
2-{[1-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-2-phenylethyl]sulfanyl}pyridine
—— 1-{[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclopentyl](phenylsulfanyl)methyl}-1H-imidazole 89440-45-9 C21H21ClN2S
1-{[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclopentyl](phenylsulfanyl)methyl}-1H-imidazole
—— 1-{[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclopentyl](phenylsulfanyl)methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole 89440-46-0 C20H20ClN3S
1-{[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclopentyl](phenylsulfanyl)methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole
—— 2,2'-Sulfanediyldi(benzene-1-diazonium) 89455-65-2 C12H8N4S+2
2,2'-Sulfanediyldi(benzene-1-diazonium)
—— 2,2',2''-(Cyclohexane-1,1,2-triyl)tri(ethane-1-thiol) 89437-05-8 C12H24S3
2,2',2''-(Cyclohexane-1,1,2-triyl)tri(ethane-1-thiol)
—— 1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole 89440-82-4 C16H14ClN3S
1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole
—— [(1,1-Dichloro-2-phenylethyl)sulfanyl]benzene 89423-42-7 C14H12Cl2S
[(1,1-Dichloro-2-phenylethyl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 1-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-2-phenylethyl}-1H-imidazole 89442-34-2 C17H15ClN2S
1-{1-[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-2-phenylethyl}-1H-imidazole
—— 1-{3-Chloro-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-1H-imidazole 89440-71-1 C14H16Cl2N2S
1-{3-Chloro-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-1H-imidazole
—— 1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole 89442-39-7 C17H15ClN2S
1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole
—— 1-[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-phenylethyl]imidazole;oxalic acid 89467-04-9 C19H17ClN2O4S
1-[1-(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-phenylethyl]imidazole;oxalic acid
—— 1-{2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1H-imidazole 89442-52-4 C17H14Cl2N2S
1-{2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1H-imidazole
—— 1-{2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole 89442-53-5 C16H13Cl2N3S
1-{2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole
—— 2,6-Dimethoxy-N,N-dimethyl-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine 89587-79-1 C9H15N3O2S
2,6-Dimethoxy-N,N-dimethyl-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine
—— 4,4'-Sulfanediylbis(2-octylphenol) 89520-09-2 C28H42O2S
4,4'-Sulfanediylbis(2-octylphenol)
—— Acetic acid;[2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-benzodithiol-2-yl]methanediol 89572-28-1 C19H22O6S2
Acetic acid;[2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-benzodithiol-2-yl]methanediol
—— 4-Methyl-6-(1-methylcyclobutyl)-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 89570-01-4 C10H15N3OS
4-Methyl-6-(1-methylcyclobutyl)-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one
—— 4-Amino-6-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 89569-94-8 C9H16N4OS
4-Amino-6-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one
—— 6-Cycloheptyl-4-methyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 89570-02-5 C12H19N3OS
6-Cycloheptyl-4-methyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one
—— N-Ethyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine 89587-74-6 C9H15N3O2S
N-Ethyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine
—— N'-{4-[(4,5-Dichloro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]phenyl}-N,N-dimethylurea 89570-42-3 C12H11Cl2N3O2S
N'-{4-[(4,5-Dichloro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]phenyl}-N,N-dimethylurea
—— N,N-Diethyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine 89587-80-4 C11H19N3O2S
N,N-Diethyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine
—— 4-Methyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-6-(pentan-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one 89570-00-3 C10H17N3OS
4-Methyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-6-(pentan-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one
—— 4-Hydrazinyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine 89587-86-0 C7H12N4O2S
4-Hydrazinyl-2,6-dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine
—— 8,8-Dimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)non-2-ene-4,6-diyne 89556-14-9 C12H16S
8,8-Dimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)non-2-ene-4,6-diyne
—— 6-(Methylsulfanyl)hept-5-ene-1,3-diyne 89556-18-3 C8H8S
6-(Methylsulfanyl)hept-5-ene-1,3-diyne
—— 2-(Butylsulfanyl)-7-methylocta-2,6-dien-4-yne 89556-07-0 C13H20S
2-(Butylsulfanyl)-7-methylocta-2,6-dien-4-yne
—— 1-(Methanesulfinyl)-1-(methanesulfonyl)trideca-2,4-diene 89560-07-6 C15H28O3S2
1-(Methanesulfinyl)-1-(methanesulfonyl)trideca-2,4-diene
—— 2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine 89587-77-9 C10H15N3O2S
2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-N-(prop-2-en-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine
—— Acetic acid;(2-phenyl-1,3-benzodithiol-2-yl)methanediol 89572-24-7 C18H20O6S2
Acetic acid;(2-phenyl-1,3-benzodithiol-2-yl)methanediol
—— 4-[2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]morpholine 89587-88-2 C11H17N3O3S
4-[2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]morpholine
—— 2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine 89587-78-0 C7H11N3O2S
2,6-Dimethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine