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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 1-(Tribromomethanesulfonyl)dodecane 647859-79-8 C13H25Br3O2S
1-(Tribromomethanesulfonyl)dodecane
—— 2-((2-hexyl-4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl)-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 648436-69-5 C22H30S
2-((2-hexyl-4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl)-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
—— 2-hexyl-1-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl)-4-methylbenzene 648436-67-3 C20H26OS
2-hexyl-1-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl)-4-methylbenzene
—— methyl 4-((2-hexyl-4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl)benzoate 648436-68-4 C21H26O2S
methyl 4-((2-hexyl-4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl)benzoate
—— 2-((2-hexyl-4,5-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl)-1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene 648436-27-5 C29H44S
2-((2-hexyl-4,5-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl)-1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene
—— 6-Hydroxy-4-oxo-5-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexa-2,5-dienenitrile 647859-88-9 C11H8N2O2S
6-Hydroxy-4-oxo-5-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]hexa-2,5-dienenitrile
—— {[4-Ethoxy-2-(methylsulfanyl)buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]sulfanyl}benzene 647010-08-0 C13H16OS2
{[4-Ethoxy-2-(methylsulfanyl)buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]sulfanyl}benzene
—— 6,6-Dimethyl-3,4-bis(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-2,4-dienal 647010-36-4 C21H22OS2
6,6-Dimethyl-3,4-bis(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-2,4-dienal
—— 1-Benzyl-5-butyl-5-phenylsulfanyl-pyrrolidin-2-one 647826-78-6 C21H25NOS
1-Benzyl-5-butyl-5-phenylsulfanyl-pyrrolidin-2-one
—— 8,8'-Bis[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,1'-binaphthalene 647029-15-0 C38H34S2
8,8'-Bis[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,1'-binaphthalene
—— 3-[(Methoxymethyl)sulfanyl]-5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole 646534-22-7 C5H9N3OS
3-[(Methoxymethyl)sulfanyl]-5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole
—— 5-Phenyl-4-(phenylselanyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal 647010-43-3 C23H18OSSe
5-Phenyl-4-(phenylselanyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal
—— 3-(Methylsulfanyl)-5-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal 647010-33-1 C18H16OS2
3-(Methylsulfanyl)-5-phenyl-4-(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal
—— 7-Ethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-4,5-bis(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-ol 647010-23-9 C23H28O2S2
7-Ethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-4,5-bis(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-ol
—— 5-Phenyl-3,4-bis(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal 647010-37-5 C23H18OS2
5-Phenyl-3,4-bis(phenylsulfanyl)penta-2,4-dienal
—— (3Z/3E)-4-benzenesulfenyl-3-(methanesulfenyl)but-3-enal diethyl acetal 647010-01-3 C15H22O2S2
(3Z/3E)-4-benzenesulfenyl-3-(methanesulfenyl)but-3-enal diethyl acetal
—— 7-Ethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-ol 647010-22-8 C16H22O2S2
7-Ethoxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-4,6-dien-3-ol
—— 6,6-Dimethyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-2,4-dienal 647010-30-8 C16H20OS2
6,6-Dimethyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)-4-(phenylsulfanyl)hepta-2,4-dienal
—— [(S)-Ethenesulfinyl]cyclohexane 646516-47-4 C8H14OS
[(S)-Ethenesulfinyl]cyclohexane
—— 2-Cyano-3-ethoxyprop-2-enethioamide 64295-51-8 C6H8N2OS
2-Cyano-3-ethoxyprop-2-enethioamide
—— 1,3-Diphenyl-5,6-bis(phenylsulfanyl)-2H-2-benzothiophene-2,2-dione 643768-13-2 C32H22O2S3
1,3-Diphenyl-5,6-bis(phenylsulfanyl)-2H-2-benzothiophene-2,2-dione
—— Acetic acid--2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophene-3-ol (1/1) 64260-68-0 C10H12O3S
Acetic acid--2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophene-3-ol (1/1)
—— 2-aminocyclopent-1-enecarbothioic dithioperoxyanhydride 64487-57-6 C12H16N2S4
2-aminocyclopent-1-enecarbothioic dithioperoxyanhydride
—— 2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-3-(diethylamino)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione 64139-73-7 C11H19NS2
2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-3-(diethylamino)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione
—— 3-Sulfanylprop-2-enethial 64174-63-6 C3H4S2
3-Sulfanylprop-2-enethial
—— N-{[2-(Methylsulfanyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-2-yl]methyl}acetamide 64172-47-0 C9H15NOS2
N-{[2-(Methylsulfanyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-2-yl]methyl}acetamide
—— 1-Cyanononyl thiocyanate 64148-61-4 C11H18N2S
1-Cyanononyl thiocyanate
—— 2-{(E)-[4-(Diethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-1-benzothiophen-3(2H)-one 64180-20-7 C18H19N3OS
2-{(E)-[4-(Diethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}-1-benzothiophen-3(2H)-one
—— 3-nitro-2,4,5-tris-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-tetrahydro-thiophene 64169-83-1 C31H37NO2S4
3-nitro-2,4,5-tris-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-tetrahydro-thiophene
—— 2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-3-(dimethylamino)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione 64139-72-6 C9H15NS2
2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-3-(dimethylamino)cycloprop-2-ene-1-thione
—— 5-(4-Dimethylamino-phenylsulfanyl)-pyridin-2-ylamine 64064-33-1 C13H15N3S
5-(4-Dimethylamino-phenylsulfanyl)-pyridin-2-ylamine
—— 4-(Methanesulfinyl)-5-oxopentadec-14-enenitrile 63888-66-4 C16H27NO2S
4-(Methanesulfinyl)-5-oxopentadec-14-enenitrile
—— 5,5'-(Butane-1,4-diyl)bis[3-(methylsulfanyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole] 64073-63-8 C10H16N6S2
5,5'-(Butane-1,4-diyl)bis[3-(methylsulfanyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole]
—— bis-(5,5,5-trichloro-pentyl)-disulfide 63911-76-2 C10H16Cl6S2
bis-(5,5,5-trichloro-pentyl)-disulfide
—— 1-Methyl-3,4,5-tris(methylsulfanyl)pyridazin-1-ium 63910-60-1 C8H13N2S3+
1-Methyl-3,4,5-tris(methylsulfanyl)pyridazin-1-ium
—— Methyl 7-[2-oxo-1-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]hept-5-ynoate 63737-15-5 C19H22O3S
Methyl 7-[2-oxo-1-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]hept-5-ynoate
—— 5-(Methylsulfanyl)-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1,2,4-triazine 63639-20-3 C7H13N3OSSi
5-(Methylsulfanyl)-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1,2,4-triazine
—— S-[2-(2,2-Dimethylpropyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-sulfanylidenepent-1-en-1-yl] dihydrogen phosphorothioate 63839-37-2 C12H23O3PS2
S-[2-(2,2-Dimethylpropyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-sulfanylidenepent-1-en-1-yl] dihydrogen phosphorothioate
—— S-[2-(Methoxyamino)-2-oxoethyl] diethylcarbamothioate 63858-31-1 C8H16N2O3S
S-[2-(Methoxyamino)-2-oxoethyl] diethylcarbamothioate
—— 6-(Methylsulfanyl)-1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrimido[5,4-e][1,3,4]thiadiazine 63810-93-5 C18H14N4S2
6-(Methylsulfanyl)-1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrimido[5,4-e][1,3,4]thiadiazine
—— Allyl-[1-dimethylamino-pent-4-en-(E)-ylidene]-sulfonium; bromide 63344-44-5 Br*C10H18NS
Allyl-[1-dimethylamino-pent-4-en-(E)-ylidene]-sulfonium; bromide
—— 6-(Methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-4(3H)-thione 63554-87-0 C5H6N2S2
6-(Methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-4(3H)-thione
—— 2-Amino-5-phenylthio-formanilid 63580-89-2 C13H12N2OS
2-Amino-5-phenylthio-formanilid
—— Methyl 7-[2-oxo-1-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoate 63737-14-4 C19H24O3S
Methyl 7-[2-oxo-1-(phenylsulfanyl)cyclopentyl]hept-5-enoate
—— Acetic acid;4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfanylphenol 63449-96-7 C16H18O6S
Acetic acid;4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfanylphenol
—— 2-(3-Methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,3-dithiane 63426-14-2 C13H22S2
2-(3-Methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,3-dithiane
—— Bis-2-(2-methoxymethyl-1,3-dithionyl)methan 62888-27-1 C13H24O2S4
Bis-2-(2-methoxymethyl-1,3-dithionyl)methan
—— 2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)cyclopropan-1-ol 62936-07-6 C11H22OS2
2-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)cyclopropan-1-ol
—— 4-(Phenylsulfanyl)dec-4-enal 62873-28-3 C16H22OS
4-(Phenylsulfanyl)dec-4-enal
—— 2-Methyl-4-phenylsulfanylbut-3-en-2-ol 15148-54-6 C11H14OS
2-Methyl-4-phenylsulfanylbut-3-en-2-ol