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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-(Dodec-5-EN-1-YL)-2-methyl-1,3-dithiane 564478-54-2 C17H32S2
2-(Dodec-5-EN-1-YL)-2-methyl-1,3-dithiane
—— Penta-2,4-diene-1-thiol 55317-82-3 C5H8S
Penta-2,4-diene-1-thiol
—— 5-Methyl-2-(2-phenylsulfanyl-ethyl)-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one 55294-10-5 C12H14N2OS
5-Methyl-2-(2-phenylsulfanyl-ethyl)-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one
—— 2-n-Butyl-2-thiohexen 20025-25-6 C10H20S
2-n-Butyl-2-thiohexen
—— 4-phenylthio-1-octanol 525599-36-4 C14H22OS
4-phenylthio-1-octanol
—— (1E)-3,3-Dimethyl-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]triaz-1-ene 52416-15-6 C9H13N3S
(1E)-3,3-Dimethyl-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]triaz-1-ene
—— 2-[4-(Methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-phenylcycloprop-2-en-1-one 531548-41-1 C16H12OS
2-[4-(Methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-phenylcycloprop-2-en-1-one
—— 2-Methoxy-5-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiole 53048-35-4 C9H10OS2
2-Methoxy-5-methyl-2H-1,3-benzodithiole
—— 4-Amino-6-dimethylamino-2-methylthio-5-nitropyrimidin 52222-39-6 C7H11N5O2S
4-Amino-6-dimethylamino-2-methylthio-5-nitropyrimidin
—— 7-phenethyl-2,3-dihydro-thiazolo[3,2-<i>a</i>]pyrimidin-5-one 51847-29-1 C14H14N2OS
7-phenethyl-2,3-dihydro-thiazolo[3,2-<i>a</i>]pyrimidin-5-one
—— Benzo[1,3]dithiol-2-ol 52927-24-9 C7H6OS2
Benzo[1,3]dithiol-2-ol
—— 1-Chloro-3-{[4-(3-iodopropyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}benzene 509089-04-7 C15H14ClIS
1-Chloro-3-{[4-(3-iodopropyl)phenyl]sulfanyl}benzene
—— 2-(Benzylsulfanyl)-5-chloro-1,3-thiazole 502922-98-7 C10H8ClNS2
2-(Benzylsulfanyl)-5-chloro-1,3-thiazole
—— (Z)-1-Methylsulfanyl-tridec-1-en-6-yne 502637-92-5 C14H24S
(Z)-1-Methylsulfanyl-tridec-1-en-6-yne
—— Methyl-dithiocarbamic acid 4-fluoro-phenyl ester 51098-01-2 C8H8FNS2
Methyl-dithiocarbamic acid 4-fluoro-phenyl ester
—— 1-(Ethenesulfonyl)nonadec-1-ene 595557-03-2 C21H40O2S
1-(Ethenesulfonyl)nonadec-1-ene
—— 1-(Ethenesulfonyl)hept-1-ene 595557-04-3 C9H16O2S
1-(Ethenesulfonyl)hept-1-ene
—— 2-{[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}-1-methylimidazolidine 59761-11-4 C11H12ClN3O2S
2-{[(4-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}-1-methylimidazolidine
—— 2-{[(3-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}-1-methylimidazolidine 59761-12-5 C11H12ClN3O2S
2-{[(3-Chlorophenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}-1-methylimidazolidine
—— 1-Methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}imidazolidine 59761-10-3 C12H15N3O2S
1-Methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl](nitro)methylidene}imidazolidine
—— 2-Methyl-1,1-bis-methylsulfanyl-butane 59021-12-4 C7H16S2
2-Methyl-1,1-bis-methylsulfanyl-butane
—— Thioglycidylisothiocyanat 59288-35-6 C4H5NS2
Thioglycidylisothiocyanat
—— 2-(3-Methyl-3-butenyl)phenyl-phenylsulfid 59321-16-3 C17H18S
2-(3-Methyl-3-butenyl)phenyl-phenylsulfid
—— (1R)-1,7,7-Trimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene 59121-51-6 C11H18S
(1R)-1,7,7-Trimethyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene
—— 1-Isocyanato-4-[(2-methylpropyl)sulfanyl]benzene 58555-11-6 C11H13NOS
1-Isocyanato-4-[(2-methylpropyl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 2-[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)sulfanylpropyl]sulfanylphenol 58952-74-2 C15H16O3S2
2-[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)sulfanylpropyl]sulfanylphenol
—— 4-phenylthiobut-2-yn-1-amine 586976-04-7 C10H11NS
4-phenylthiobut-2-yn-1-amine
—— 2-{9-[2-(4-[1,3]Dithian-2-yl-butyl)-[1,3]dithian-2-yl]-nonyl}-[1,3]dioxolane 59014-61-8 C24H44O2S4
2-{9-[2-(4-[1,3]Dithian-2-yl-butyl)-[1,3]dithian-2-yl]-nonyl}-[1,3]dioxolane
—— 1,1,1-Trifluor-3-trifluormethansulfonyl-aceton 58510-76-2 C4H2F6O3S
1,1,1-Trifluor-3-trifluormethansulfonyl-aceton
—— 4-[(3-Chloroprop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene-1,2-diamine 58841-09-1 C9H11ClN2S
4-[(3-Chloroprop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]benzene-1,2-diamine
—— 2-(Heptadecane-1-sulfinyl)ethan-1-ol 58840-41-8 C19H40O2S
2-(Heptadecane-1-sulfinyl)ethan-1-ol
—— 1,1-Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)penta-1,3-diene 58510-89-7 C7H6F6O4S2
1,1-Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)penta-1,3-diene
—— 1-Isocyanato-4-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]benzene 58555-10-5 C10H11NOS
1-Isocyanato-4-[(propan-2-yl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 2-Amino-1,1-bis-trifluormethansulfonyl-ethen 58510-92-2 C4H3F6NO4S2
2-Amino-1,1-bis-trifluormethansulfonyl-ethen
—— 4-(Phenylselanyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)but-3-en-1-ol 582290-45-7 C16H16OSSe
4-(Phenylselanyl)-3-(phenylsulfanyl)but-3-en-1-ol
—— Pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide 58170-52-8 C7H13NS
Pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide
—— 3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-hex-1-ene 57121-78-5 C9H18S
3,3-dimethyl-4-methylsulfanyl-hex-1-ene
—— 4-ethylsulfanyl-3,3-dimethyl-hex-1-ene 57121-80-9 C10H20S
4-ethylsulfanyl-3,3-dimethyl-hex-1-ene
—— 1-Methylsulfanyl-2-[4-(2-methylsulfanylphenyl)sulfanylbutylsulfanyl]benzene 56977-03-8 C18H22S4
1-Methylsulfanyl-2-[4-(2-methylsulfanylphenyl)sulfanylbutylsulfanyl]benzene
—— 1-Methylsulfanyl-2-[3-(2-methylsulfanylphenyl)sulfanylpropylsulfanyl]benzene 56977-02-7 C17H20S4
1-Methylsulfanyl-2-[3-(2-methylsulfanylphenyl)sulfanylpropylsulfanyl]benzene
—— 4-methoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4<i>H</i>-[1,4]thiaphosphinine 4-oxide 57044-91-4 C7H11O2PS
4-methoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4<i>H</i>-[1,4]thiaphosphinine 4-oxide
—— 2-Amino-4-methoxy-6-methylthio-pyrimidin 56922-40-8 C6H9N3OS
2-Amino-4-methoxy-6-methylthio-pyrimidin
—— 3-(N,N-Dimethylaminomethylen)-2(3H)-benzothiophenon 56429-30-2 C11H11NOS
3-(N,N-Dimethylaminomethylen)-2(3H)-benzothiophenon
—— {[(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene 56691-70-4 C16H22S
{[(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}benzene
—— N-[3-(Diethylamino)butyl]thiourea 928122-16-1 C9H21N3S
N-[3-(Diethylamino)butyl]thiourea
—— Ethyl {[(prop-2-en-1-yl)carbamoyl]sulfanyl}acetate 56235-27-9 C8H13NO3S
Ethyl {[(prop-2-en-1-yl)carbamoyl]sulfanyl}acetate
—— 3,3'-(Hexane-1,6-diyldisulfanediyl)bis(2,5-dibromothiophene) 928329-34-4 C14H14Br4S4
3,3'-(Hexane-1,6-diyldisulfanediyl)bis(2,5-dibromothiophene)
—— 4-[(Oxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]pyridine 925695-01-8 C24H25NO2S2
4-[(Oxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,6-bis[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]pyridine
—— 6-(2,2-Diethoxyethoxy)-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine 928468-02-4 C11H19N3O3S
6-(2,2-Diethoxyethoxy)-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4-amine
—— 2,2'-(Butane-1,4-diyldisulfanediyl)bis(1,3,4-thiadiazole) 927384-67-6 C8H10N4S4
2,2'-(Butane-1,4-diyldisulfanediyl)bis(1,3,4-thiadiazole)