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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— S-Methyl N-sec-butyl(thiocarbamate) 142311-82-8 C6H13NOS
S-Methyl N-sec-butyl(thiocarbamate)
—— (E)-1-(methylthio)-2-butene 4088-54-4 C5H10S
(E)-1-(methylthio)-2-butene
—— (Cyclohex-1-enylmethylsulfanyl)-methylsulfanyl-acetonitrile 61223-56-1 C10H15NS2
(Cyclohex-1-enylmethylsulfanyl)-methylsulfanyl-acetonitrile
—— 5-Amino-3-methylthio-2-propyl-2H-1,2,4-triazole 88722-52-5 C6H12N4S
5-Amino-3-methylthio-2-propyl-2H-1,2,4-triazole
—— O-(Z)-2-hexenyl methylxanthate 1018478-98-2 C8H14OS2
O-(Z)-2-hexenyl methylxanthate
—— 2-[2-(Methylthio)phenyl]-1-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanone hydrochloride 614729-93-0 C14H19NOS*ClH
2-[2-(Methylthio)phenyl]-1-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanone hydrochloride
—— (2-aminoethyl) phenyl sulfide hydrochloride 34946-13-9 C8H11NS*ClH
(2-aminoethyl) phenyl sulfide hydrochloride
—— 2-[(3-Phenyl-4-phenyldiazenyl-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide 91816-21-6 C17H14N4O2S
2-[(3-Phenyl-4-phenyldiazenyl-1,2-oxazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide
—— 2,2',6,6'-Tetrakis-methylthio-4,4'-bipyrimidin 60186-86-9 C12H14N4S4
2,2',6,6'-Tetrakis-methylthio-4,4'-bipyrimidin
—— 2-oxiranylmethylsulfanyl-thiophene 57713-44-7 C7H8OS2
2-oxiranylmethylsulfanyl-thiophene
—— 4-Amino-6-chloro-2-(1-(4-methyl-2-pyridyl)propyl)thio-pyrimidine 185219-25-4 C13H15ClN4S
4-Amino-6-chloro-2-(1-(4-methyl-2-pyridyl)propyl)thio-pyrimidine
—— 5-amino-3-methylthio-1-propyl-1,2,4-triazole 88722-38-7 C6H12N4S
5-amino-3-methylthio-1-propyl-1,2,4-triazole
—— 4-amino-6-chloro-2-(1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)pentyl)thio-pyrimidine 185219-31-2 C15H19ClN4S
4-amino-6-chloro-2-(1-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)pentyl)thio-pyrimidine
—— 4,4'-dimethyl-5,5'-sulfanediyl-bis-thiazol-2-ylamine 51176-85-3 C8H10N4S3
4,4'-dimethyl-5,5'-sulfanediyl-bis-thiazol-2-ylamine
—— diacetonyl sulfoxide 77694-47-4 C6H10O3S
diacetonyl sulfoxide
—— 2-thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl-ethylamine 57713-47-0 C6H9NS2
2-thiophen-2-ylsulfanyl-ethylamine
—— 3,7-Bis[4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dithiin-5-yl)phenyl]furo[2,3-f][1]benzofuran-2,6-dione 1353051-98-5 C34H20O4S6
3,7-Bis[4-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dithiin-5-yl)phenyl]furo[2,3-f][1]benzofuran-2,6-dione
—— 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-thiapentandial-(1,5) 51042-99-0 C8H14O2S
2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-thiapentandial-(1,5)
—— 5-propylamino-3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazole 88722-65-0 C6H12N4S
5-propylamino-3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazole
—— [4-(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanylphenyl]iminocyanamide 113934-39-7 C13H8N4O2S
[4-(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanylphenyl]iminocyanamide
—— bis-(1-chloromethyl-vinyl)-sulfane 52444-05-0 C6H8Cl2S
bis-(1-chloromethyl-vinyl)-sulfane
—— 1-(3-propylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-4-azatricyclo<2.2.1.0<sup>2,6</sup>>heptane 198143-11-2 C11H15N3S2
1-(3-propylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-4-azatricyclo<2.2.1.0<sup>2,6</sup>>heptane
—— bis-(2-chloro-1-chloromethyl-ethyl)-sulfane 55342-19-3 C6H10Cl4S
bis-(2-chloro-1-chloromethyl-ethyl)-sulfane
—— [(Bromomethanesulfonyl)methylidene]cyclohexane 95205-62-2 C8H13BrO2S
[(Bromomethanesulfonyl)methylidene]cyclohexane
—— 2,2,2-trichloroethanesulfonyl isocyanate 87143-15-5 C3H2Cl3NO3S
2,2,2-trichloroethanesulfonyl isocyanate
—— reticulatin A 1449432-45-4 C9H14N2O3S
reticulatin A
—— methyl 6-(phenylthio)hexanoate 92036-41-4 C13H18O2S
methyl 6-(phenylthio)hexanoate
—— 2-Ethyl-N-[3-(2-ethyl-butyrylamino)-2-phenylsulfanyl-propyl]-butyramide 61796-89-2 C21H34N2O2S
2-Ethyl-N-[3-(2-ethyl-butyrylamino)-2-phenylsulfanyl-propyl]-butyramide
—— ethyl 4-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)butanoate 177747-75-0 C18H20O2S
ethyl 4-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)butanoate
—— 5-bromo-2,6,2',6'-tetrakis-methylsulfanyl-[4,4']bipyrimidinyl 60186-88-1 C12H13BrN4S4
5-bromo-2,6,2',6'-tetrakis-methylsulfanyl-[4,4']bipyrimidinyl
—— Benzyl-pentachlorphenyl-sulfid 82044-22-2 C13H7Cl5S
Benzyl-pentachlorphenyl-sulfid
—— 2-Phenylsulfanyl-propane-1,3-diamine 61798-03-6 C9H14N2S
2-Phenylsulfanyl-propane-1,3-diamine
—— methyl α-[(pentachlorophenyl)-sulphenyl]-β-ethylamino-acrylate 90240-69-0 C12H10Cl5NO2S
methyl α-[(pentachlorophenyl)-sulphenyl]-β-ethylamino-acrylate
—— 6-(phenylthio)hex-5-en-1-ol 102438-50-6 C12H16OS
6-(phenylthio)hex-5-en-1-ol
—— Ethyl 4-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enoate 88087-95-0 C12H14O2S
Ethyl 4-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enoate
—— (4-bromophenyl)-(2-nitrophenyl)thioether 37750-38-2 C12H8BrNO2S
(4-bromophenyl)-(2-nitrophenyl)thioether
—— 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diaza-6,9,12-trioxa-2-cyclotetradecanethione 89863-08-1 C11H22N2O3S
1,3-dimethyl-1,3-diaza-6,9,12-trioxa-2-cyclotetradecanethione
—— 5,6-dihydro-8H-6-oxopyrrolo<1,2-a><3,1,6>benzothiadiazonine 117954-54-8 C13H12N2OS
5,6-dihydro-8H-6-oxopyrrolo<1,2-a><3,1,6>benzothiadiazonine
—— ethyl 4-(phenylthio)butanoate 29193-72-4 C12H16O2S
ethyl 4-(phenylthio)butanoate
—— ethyl 4-chloro-4-(phenylthio)butanoate 141649-99-2 C12H15ClO2S
ethyl 4-chloro-4-(phenylthio)butanoate
—— 2,2,4,4-tetramethythietane-3-thione 1,1-dioxide 58721-03-2 C7H12O2S2
2,2,4,4-tetramethythietane-3-thione 1,1-dioxide
—— N-<α-(Phenylthio)benzyl>dimethylamine 51643-93-7 C15H17NS
N-<α-(Phenylthio)benzyl>dimethylamine
—— 2-ethyl-5-phenylsulfanyl-thiophene 58042-62-9 C12H12S2
2-ethyl-5-phenylsulfanyl-thiophene
—— 1,1-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1-(phenylthio)ethane 87739-09-1 C14H26SSi2
1,1-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1-(phenylthio)ethane
—— 1-Chloroheptyl-phenyl-sulfid 58749-32-9 C13H19ClS
1-Chloroheptyl-phenyl-sulfid
—— 2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propandiol-monothiondicarbamat 90729-20-7 C9H18N2O3S
2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propandiol-monothiondicarbamat
—— Cyclopentyl-xanthogenat 6791-04-4 C6H10OS2
Cyclopentyl-xanthogenat
—— thiopropionic acid <i>N</i>-methyl-hydrazide 805180-39-6 C4H10N2S
thiopropionic acid <i>N</i>-methyl-hydrazide
—— N-[4-(4-chloro-6-{[3-(5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]amino}pyrimidin-2-ylthio)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide 1254229-36-1 C25H21ClN8OS
N-[4-(4-chloro-6-{[3-(5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]amino}pyrimidin-2-ylthio)phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide
—— 1-(butane-1-sulfonyl)-4-chloro-butane 68749-00-8 C8H17ClO2S
1-(butane-1-sulfonyl)-4-chloro-butane