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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— S-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl) methylcarbamothioate 87820-00-6 C6H14N2OS
S-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl) methylcarbamothioate
—— Ethyl 2,4-dichloro-6-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-37-8 C12H9Cl2N3O2S
Ethyl 2,4-dichloro-6-[(pyridin-2-yl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— 2-(Propan-2-yl)-1,3-dithiepane 87973-74-8 C8H16S2
2-(Propan-2-yl)-1,3-dithiepane
—— Octyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-41-4 C19H22Cl2N2O2S
Octyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— Acetic acid;1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylethane-1,2-diol 87943-37-1 C13H20O6S
Acetic acid;1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylethane-1,2-diol
—— Acetic acid;1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylpropane-1,3-diol 87943-38-2 C14H22O6S
Acetic acid;1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanylpropane-1,3-diol
—— 3-[(4-Chlorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]aniline;hydrochloride 87740-25-8 C13H13Cl2NS
3-[(4-Chlorophenyl)methylsulfanyl]aniline;hydrochloride
—— Hexyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-40-3 C17H18Cl2N2O2S
Hexyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— Benzenamine, 3-[[(3-methylphenyl)thio]methyl]-, hydrochloride 87740-26-9 C14H16ClNS
Benzenamine, 3-[[(3-methylphenyl)thio]methyl]-, hydrochloride
—— Butyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-39-0 C15H14Cl2N2O2S
Butyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— Ethyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-36-7 C13H10Cl2N2O2S
Ethyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— Propyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate 87847-65-2 C14H12Cl2N2O2S
Propyl 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
—— Lithium 1-(phenylsulfanyl)-1-(trimethylsilyl)ethan-1-ide 87729-74-6 C11H17LiSSi
Lithium 1-(phenylsulfanyl)-1-(trimethylsilyl)ethan-1-ide
—— Lithium 1-(phenylsulfanyl)-1-(trimethylsilyl)pentan-1-ide 87729-75-7 C14H23LiSSi
Lithium 1-(phenylsulfanyl)-1-(trimethylsilyl)pentan-1-ide
—— S-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] methylcarbamothioate 87820-01-7 C7H16N2OS
S-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] methylcarbamothioate
—— Lithium bis(phenylsulfanyl)(trimethylsilyl)methanide 87729-88-2 C16H19LiS2Si
Lithium bis(phenylsulfanyl)(trimethylsilyl)methanide
—— S-Methyl (2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)carbamothioate 87819-99-6 C6H14N2OS
S-Methyl (2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)carbamothioate
—— 4-{[(3-Methylphenyl)sulfanyl]methyl}aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1) 87740-22-5 C14H15NS*ClH
4-{[(3-Methylphenyl)sulfanyl]methyl}aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1)
—— 5-Isothiocyanatooct-3-ene 87656-59-5 C9H15NS
5-Isothiocyanatooct-3-ene
—— [(Methanesulfonyl)methanesulfonyl]ethene 87615-77-8 C4H8O4S2
[(Methanesulfonyl)methanesulfonyl]ethene
—— 3-Isothiocyanatocyclododec-1-ene 87656-58-4 C13H21NS
3-Isothiocyanatocyclododec-1-ene
—— 4-{[(4-Chlorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1) 87740-32-7 C13H13Cl2NS
4-{[(4-Chlorophenyl)methyl]sulfanyl}aniline--hydrogen chloride (1/1)
—— 1-Isothiocyanatocyclododec-1-ene 87656-54-0 C13H21NS
1-Isothiocyanatocyclododec-1-ene
—— N-(2-Methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophen-3-amine 87675-54-5 C9H15NOS2
N-(2-Methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)thiophen-3-amine
—— Acetic acid;2-methyl-6-methylidene-8-phenylsulfanyloct-1-en-3-ol 87639-59-6 C18H26O3S
Acetic acid;2-methyl-6-methylidene-8-phenylsulfanyloct-1-en-3-ol
—— 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodithiine-5-sulfonyl chloride 87474-20-2 C8H7ClO2S3
2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodithiine-5-sulfonyl chloride
—— 1-Isothiocyanato-3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene 87656-62-0 C7H11NS
1-Isothiocyanato-3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene
—— Dichloro[(chlorosulfanyl)methoxy]methane 87463-08-9 C2H3Cl3OS
Dichloro[(chlorosulfanyl)methoxy]methane
—— 1,1-Dichloro-2-[(chlorosulfanyl)methoxy]ethane 87463-09-0 C3H5Cl3OS
1,1-Dichloro-2-[(chlorosulfanyl)methoxy]ethane
—— 4-[(3-Methoxybuta-1,3-dien-2-yl)sulfanyl]phenol 87517-42-8 C11H12O2S
4-[(3-Methoxybuta-1,3-dien-2-yl)sulfanyl]phenol
—— 1-(Ethylsulfanyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)decane 875483-41-3 C13H28S2
1-(Ethylsulfanyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)decane
—— 5-(Dibromomethyl)-2-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-3-carbonitrile 87373-61-3 C13H7Br2N3O2S
5-(Dibromomethyl)-2-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-3-carbonitrile
—— bis(5-mesitylthio-2-thienyl) sulfide 874633-47-3 C26H26S5
bis(5-mesitylthio-2-thienyl) sulfide
—— N,N-Diethyl-2-{[5-(phenylethynyl)pyridin-2-yl]sulfanyl}ethan-1-amine 87148-53-6 C19H22N2S
N,N-Diethyl-2-{[5-(phenylethynyl)pyridin-2-yl]sulfanyl}ethan-1-amine
—— 5,8-Dithiaspiro[3.4]oct-2-en-1-one 873776-68-2 C6H6OS2
5,8-Dithiaspiro[3.4]oct-2-en-1-one
—— 5-[(2-Aminophenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione 873796-32-8 C8H7N3S3
5-[(2-Aminophenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione
—— 2-[(5-Chloro-2-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]-N,N-dimethylbenzamide 873112-77-7 C15H13ClN2O3S
2-[(5-Chloro-2-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]-N,N-dimethylbenzamide
—— 1-ethanesulfonyl-2-methanesulfonyl-ethene 30567-61-4 C5H10O4S2
1-ethanesulfonyl-2-methanesulfonyl-ethene
—— 3-Chloro-4-{[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline 87294-27-7 C13H10ClF2NOS
3-Chloro-4-{[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}aniline
—— 2-[(2-Cyano-5-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]-N,N-dimethylbenzamide 873112-75-5 C16H13N3O3S
2-[(2-Cyano-5-nitrophenyl)sulfanyl]-N,N-dimethylbenzamide
—— 3-Chloro-4-({4-[(propan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}sulfanyl)aniline 87294-29-9 C15H16ClNOS
3-Chloro-4-({4-[(propan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}sulfanyl)aniline
—— β-phenylthioethyl gem-dichlorocyclopropyl ether 872413-67-7 C11H12Cl2OS
β-phenylthioethyl gem-dichlorocyclopropyl ether
—— Methyl 2-ethyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)hex-3-enoate 86895-82-1 C15H20O2S
Methyl 2-ethyl-2-(phenylsulfanyl)hex-3-enoate
—— (Cycloprop-2-en-1-ylidene)methanethione 865888-15-9 C4H2S
(Cycloprop-2-en-1-ylidene)methanethione
—— 2-{[4-Chloro-6-(dimethylamino)pyrimidin-2-yl]sulfanyl}acetamide 86627-44-3 C8H11ClN4OS
2-{[4-Chloro-6-(dimethylamino)pyrimidin-2-yl]sulfanyl}acetamide
—— 3-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)prop-2-en-1-ol 86254-66-2 C7H14OS
3-(tert-Butylsulfanyl)prop-2-en-1-ol
—— 3-(Methylsulfanyl)-6-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]pyridazine 859497-90-8 C8H10N2S2
3-(Methylsulfanyl)-6-[(prop-2-en-1-yl)sulfanyl]pyridazine
—— N-[2,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethenyl]thiourea 84764-55-6 C7H16N4S
N-[2,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethenyl]thiourea
—— Acetic acid;2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyldisulfanyl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol 835633-22-2 C16H34O10S2
Acetic acid;2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyldisulfanyl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol
—— 1-Benzyl-6-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 835877-23-1 C18H16N2O2S
1-Benzyl-6-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione