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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 2-Amino-5-chlorphenylmesitylsulfid 62156-84-7 C15H16ClNS
2-Amino-5-chlorphenylmesitylsulfid
—— 2,5-Bis[(2-butoxyethyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole 62132-98-3 C14H26N2O2S3
2,5-Bis[(2-butoxyethyl)sulfanyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole
—— Phenyl [3-(phenylsulfanyl)propyl]carbamodithioate 62118-12-1 C16H17NS3
Phenyl [3-(phenylsulfanyl)propyl]carbamodithioate
—— 6-(Phenylsulfanyl)-1H-benzimidazole-2-carbonyl chloride 62038-77-1 C14H9ClN2OS
6-(Phenylsulfanyl)-1H-benzimidazole-2-carbonyl chloride
—— 1-[5-(Tetradecylsulfanyl)thiophen-2-yl]ethan-1-one 62039-62-7 C20H34OS2
1-[5-(Tetradecylsulfanyl)thiophen-2-yl]ethan-1-one
—— Methanesulfonic acid;2-phenylsulfanylethanol 62001-72-3 C9H14O4S2
Methanesulfonic acid;2-phenylsulfanylethanol
—— 2-(2-phenylsulfanyl-ethyl)-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazine-3,5-dione 61958-65-4 C11H11N3O2S
2-(2-phenylsulfanyl-ethyl)-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazine-3,5-dione
—— 3-[(Phenylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one 61946-16-5 C12H14OS
3-[(Phenylsulfanyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one
—— 16-Hydroxy-hexadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester 61888-28-6 C21H35NO2S
16-Hydroxy-hexadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester
—— 1-(Ethenesulfinyl)-2-methylpropane 61926-33-8 C6H12OS
1-(Ethenesulfinyl)-2-methylpropane
—— Bis-<3,4-diamino-2,5,6-trifluorphenyl>-sulfid 61907-55-9 C12H8F6N4S
Bis-<3,4-diamino-2,5,6-trifluorphenyl>-sulfid
—— 2-Methyl-3-{2-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]cyclopropyl}cyclopent-2-en-1-one 61914-44-1 C17H18OS
2-Methyl-3-{2-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]cyclopropyl}cyclopent-2-en-1-one
—— 1-(Ethenesulfinyl)pentane 61926-34-9 C7H14OS
1-(Ethenesulfinyl)pentane
—— 18-Hydroxy-octadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester 61888-30-0 C23H39NO2S
18-Hydroxy-octadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester
—— 17-Hydroxy-heptadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester 61888-29-7 C22H37NO2S
17-Hydroxy-heptadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester
—— 3-Phenyl-4-[(phenylsulfanyl)methylidene]-1,2-oxazol-5(4H)-one 61861-81-2 C16H11NO2S
3-Phenyl-4-[(phenylsulfanyl)methylidene]-1,2-oxazol-5(4H)-one
—— 19-Hydroxy-nonadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester 61888-31-1 C24H41NO2S
19-Hydroxy-nonadecanethioic acid S-pyridin-2-yl ester
—— 2-Allyl-3-methyl-pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide 61784-30-3 C11H19NS
2-Allyl-3-methyl-pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide
—— 2-[3-(1-Methoxyethoxy)butyl]-1,3-dithiane-2-carbaldehyde 61847-08-3 C12H22O3S2
2-[3-(1-Methoxyethoxy)butyl]-1,3-dithiane-2-carbaldehyde
—— 1-(Phenylthio)cyclopentancarbonsaeuremethylester 61829-55-8 C13H16O2S
1-(Phenylthio)cyclopentancarbonsaeuremethylester
—— 3-Chloroctylthioharnstoff 61803-05-2 C9H19ClN2S
3-Chloroctylthioharnstoff
—— Methyl-(2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-phosphinic acid ethyl ester 61820-22-2 C10H15O2PS
Methyl-(2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-phosphinic acid ethyl ester
—— N,N-Dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)ethen-1-amine 61795-16-2 C5H8F3NO2S
N,N-Dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)ethen-1-amine
—— N,N'-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis{4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-N-methylbutanamide} 61797-42-0 C24H30Cl2N2O2S2
N,N'-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis{4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl]-N-methylbutanamide}
—— 1-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)hex-2-ene 61795-13-9 C7H11F3O2S
1-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)hex-2-ene
—— 1-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)prop-1-ene 61795-20-8 C4H5F3O2S
1-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)prop-1-ene
—— (2-piperidin-1-ylmethyl-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetonitrile 61691-04-1 C10H15N5S
(2-piperidin-1-ylmethyl-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetonitrile
—— Lithium 2-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]cyclopropan-1-ide 61782-59-0 C11H11LiS
Lithium 2-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethenyl]cyclopropan-1-ide
—— 1-(Methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-yne 61809-20-9 C6H8S
1-(Methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-yne
—— 5-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)pent-1-ene 61795-11-7 C6H9F3O2S
5-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)pent-1-ene
—— 3-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohex-1-ene 61795-07-1 C7H9F3O2S
3-(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohex-1-ene
—— (4R,5R)-4-Methyl-5-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohex-1-ene 61795-21-9 C8H11F3O2S
(4R,5R)-4-Methyl-5-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohex-1-ene
—— (1R,2R)-1-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohexane 61795-23-1 C8H13F3O2S
(1R,2R)-1-Methyl-2-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)cyclohexane
—— 2-Allyl-pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide 61784-29-0 C10H17NS
2-Allyl-pent-4-enethioic acid dimethylamide
—— 5-Bromo-2-{[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}pyridine 61775-93-7 C10H10BrN3S
5-Bromo-2-{[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}pyridine
—— 4-Methylene-2-(2-methylene-butyl)-hexanethioic acid dimethylamide 61784-31-4 C14H25NS
4-Methylene-2-(2-methylene-butyl)-hexanethioic acid dimethylamide
—— 2-Methyl-5-(propane-2-sulfinyl)pent-2-ene 61755-29-1 C9H18OS
2-Methyl-5-(propane-2-sulfinyl)pent-2-ene
—— 1-Methyl-4-(1-methyl-but-2-ynylsulfanyl)-benzene 61783-85-5 C12H14S
1-Methyl-4-(1-methyl-but-2-ynylsulfanyl)-benzene
—— 1,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1-thiol 61758-16-5 C9H16S
1,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1-thiol
—— 2,6-Dimethyl-3-methylideneheptane-4-thiol 61758-05-2 C10H20S
2,6-Dimethyl-3-methylideneheptane-4-thiol
—— 8-(Phenylsulfanyl)cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-one 61775-60-8 C14H12OS
8-(Phenylsulfanyl)cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-one
—— 2-[(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)sulfanyl]benzene-1,3,5-triol 61754-85-6 C12H10O5S
2-[(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)sulfanyl]benzene-1,3,5-triol
—— (2-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetonitrile 61743-01-9 C9H13N5OS
(2-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acetonitrile
—— 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)but-3-ene-2-thiol 61757-63-9 C13H22S
4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)but-3-ene-2-thiol
—— 3-phenyl-2-(1<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acrylonitrile 61690-99-1 C11H8N4S
3-phenyl-2-(1<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)-acrylonitrile
—— 2-(4-Ethoxybutyl)-2-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolane 61718-71-6 C16H24O3S
2-(4-Ethoxybutyl)-2-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolane
—— [({6-Methoxy-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]hexylidene}amino)oxy]acetonitrile 61718-77-2 C16H22N2O2S
[({6-Methoxy-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]hexylidene}amino)oxy]acetonitrile
—— O-Butan-2-yl propan-2-ylcarbamothioate 61646-05-7 C8H17NOS
O-Butan-2-yl propan-2-ylcarbamothioate
—— 2-[4-(2-Methoxyethoxy)butyl]-2-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolane 61718-70-5 C17H26O4S
2-[4-(2-Methoxyethoxy)butyl]-2-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]-1,3-dioxolane
—— N-{5-Methoxy-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]pentylidene}hydroxylamine 61718-69-2 C13H19NO2S
N-{5-Methoxy-1-[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]pentylidene}hydroxylamine