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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 3-[(2-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C10H10F3N5OS
3-[(2-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— (5-chloro-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}phenyl)amine —— C9H6ClF3N4S
(5-chloro-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}phenyl)amine
—— 3-amino-4-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzonitrile —— C10H7F3N6S
3-amino-4-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzonitrile
—— 3-{[2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C10H5F6N5O2S
3-{[2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— ethyl 5-amino-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzoate —— C12H11F3N4O2S
ethyl 5-amino-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzoate
—— 3-[(2-chloro-6-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole —— C9H4ClF3N4O2S
3-[(2-chloro-6-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole
—— 3-[(2-aminophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C9H8F3N5S
3-[(2-aminophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— 5-amino-2-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzonitrile —— C10H7F3N6S
5-amino-2-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}benzonitrile
—— 3-[(4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C9H6F3N5O2S
3-[(4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— 2-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}-5-nitrobenzonitrile —— C10H5F3N6O2S
2-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}-5-nitrobenzonitrile
—— 4-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}-3-nitrobenzonitrile —— C10H5F3N6O2S
4-{[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}-3-nitrobenzonitrile
—— 3-[(2-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C10H8F3N5O2S
3-[(2-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— 3-[(2-chloro-6-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C9H5ClF3N5O2S
3-[(2-chloro-6-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— (5-methoxy-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}phenyl)amine —— C10H9F3N4OS
(5-methoxy-2-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio}phenyl)amine
—— 3-[(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole —— C9H4ClF3N4O2S
3-[(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole
—— 3-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine —— C10H8F3N5O2S
3-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)thio]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine
—— {4-Methyl-2-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl}acetic acid —— C14H14N2O3S
{4-Methyl-2-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl}acetic acid
—— (2R)-2-methyl-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide —— C21H20N2O2S2
(2R)-2-methyl-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide
—— (2S)-2-methyl-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide —— C21H20N2O2S2
(2S)-2-methyl-N-(2-phenylsulfanylphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide
—— 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(2S)-2-phenylpropyl]acetamide —— C17H17F2NOS
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(2S)-2-phenylpropyl]acetamide
—— N-[(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C16H14ClF2NOS
N-[(1S)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— (2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-(2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)propanamide —— C15H15F2NOS2
(2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-(2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)propanamide
—— N'-acetyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetohydrazide —— C10H10F2N2O2S
N'-acetyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetohydrazide
—— 2-[(1R)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole —— C14H10F2N2OS2
2-[(1R)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole
—— 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(3S)-3-methyl-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]acetamide —— C13H15F2NO3S2
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(3S)-3-methyl-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]acetamide
—— 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1R,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]acetamide —— C15H19F2NOS
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1R,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]acetamide
—— N-[2-(phenylthio)phenyl]indoline-5-sulfonamide —— C20H18N2O2S2
N-[2-(phenylthio)phenyl]indoline-5-sulfonamide
—— N-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C15H12ClF2NOS
N-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— N-[(2S)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C14H16F2N2OS
N-[(2S)-2-cyano-3-methylbutan-2-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— methyl 5-[(2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoyl]-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate —— C17H17F2NO3S
methyl 5-[(2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanoyl]-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate
—— N-[(1R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C16H14ClF2NOS
N-[(1R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 2-[(1S)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole —— C14H10F2N2OS2
2-[(1S)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole
—— N-[(1R)-1-cyano-1-cyclopropylethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C14H14F2N2OS
N-[(1R)-1-cyano-1-cyclopropylethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 3-[2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)sulfanylethylsulfonyl]propanamide —— C11H13F2NO3S2
3-[2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)sulfanylethylsulfonyl]propanamide
—— (2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-methylcyclohexyl]propanamide —— C16H21F2NOS
(2R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1R,2R)-2-methylcyclohexyl]propanamide
—— (2R)-N-carbamoyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide —— C10H10F2N2O2S
(2R)-N-carbamoyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide
—— (2R)-N-benzyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide —— C16H15F2NOS
(2R)-N-benzyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide
—— N-[(3R,4S)-4-chloro-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C12H12ClF2NO3S2
N-[(3R,4S)-4-chloro-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1S,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]acetamide —— C15H19F2NOS
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1S,2S)-2-methylcyclohexyl]acetamide
—— (2S)-N-benzyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide —— C16H15F2NOS
(2S)-N-benzyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide
—— 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]acetamide —— C16H15F2NOS
2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanyl-N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]acetamide
—— N-[(3S,4S)-4-chloro-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C12H12ClF2NO3S2
N-[(3S,4S)-4-chloro-1,1-dioxothiolan-3-yl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylmethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole —— C15H9ClF2N2OS
2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-[(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylmethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole
—— N-[(1S)-1-cyano-1-cyclopropylethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C14H14F2N2OS
N-[(1S)-1-cyano-1-cyclopropylethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— (2S)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide —— C15H19F2NOS
(2S)-N-cyclohexyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpropanamide
—— N-[(1S)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide —— C16H13F4NOS
N-[(1S)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylacetamide
—— 2-[[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1S)-1-thiophen-2-ylethyl]acetamide —— C11H12F3N5OS2
2-[[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1S)-1-thiophen-2-ylethyl]acetamide
—— 2-[[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1R)-1-thiophen-2-ylethyl]acetamide —— C11H12F3N5OS2
2-[[4-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]-N-[(1R)-1-thiophen-2-ylethyl]acetamide
—— (2R)-2-pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl-N-(2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)propanamide —— C14H16N2OS2
(2R)-2-pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl-N-(2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)propanamide
—— 2-[(1S)-1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole —— C18H18N2OS
2-[(1S)-1-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)sulfanylethyl]-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole