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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 5-chloro-N-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-2-(2-naphthylthio)aniline 1100794-90-8 C24H28ClN3S
5-chloro-N-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-2-(2-naphthylthio)aniline
—— 2-nonylmercapto-ethanol 20323-24-4 C11H24OS
2-nonylmercapto-ethanol
—— 4-fluorophenyl octyl sulfide 61671-39-4 C14H21FS
4-fluorophenyl octyl sulfide
—— N'-(5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine 1100795-04-7 C18H20ClF3N2S
N'-(5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine
—— (Z)-(1-bromo-4-methylpent-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 1279713-46-0 C13H17BrS
(Z)-(1-bromo-4-methylpent-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— [(1E,3E)-2-chloro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-4-nitrobuta-1,3-dienyl]-trimethylsilane 77922-31-7 C14H18ClNO2SSi
[(1E,3E)-2-chloro-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-4-nitrobuta-1,3-dienyl]-trimethylsilane
—— 6-(pyridin-2'-ylmethylthio)pyridazin-3-amine 122479-57-6 C10H10N4S
6-(pyridin-2'-ylmethylthio)pyridazin-3-amine
—— (Z)-(1-bromooct-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 1279713-43-7 C15H21BrS
(Z)-(1-bromooct-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— methyl 3-((ethoxycarbonothioyl)thio)propanoate 29651-94-3 C7H12O3S2
methyl 3-((ethoxycarbonothioyl)thio)propanoate
—— 6-benzylthiopyridazin-3-amine 91347-33-0 C11H11N3S
6-benzylthiopyridazin-3-amine
—— 6-octylthio-3-pyridinamine 52025-30-6 C13H22N2S
6-octylthio-3-pyridinamine
—— methyl octyl disulfide 64580-60-5 C9H20S2
methyl octyl disulfide
—— ethyl octyl disulfide 64580-61-6 C10H22S2
ethyl octyl disulfide
—— propyloctyl disulfide 64580-62-7 C11H24S2
propyloctyl disulfide
—— (Z)-octyl[2-(p-tolylthio)dec-1-en-1-yl]sulfane 1360053-21-9 C25H42S2
(Z)-octyl[2-(p-tolylthio)dec-1-en-1-yl]sulfane
—— (Z)-[2-cyclohexyl-2-(p-tolylthio)ethenyl](octyl)sulfane 1360053-28-6 C23H36S2
(Z)-[2-cyclohexyl-2-(p-tolylthio)ethenyl](octyl)sulfane
—— (Z)-(1-bromo-3-methylbut-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 1279713-45-9 C12H15BrS
(Z)-(1-bromo-3-methylbut-1-en-2-yl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— (Z)-[3,3-dimethyl-1-(octylthio)but-1-en-2-yl](p-tolyl)sulfane 1360053-30-0 C21H34S2
(Z)-[3,3-dimethyl-1-(octylthio)but-1-en-2-yl](p-tolyl)sulfane
—— 7-(4-chlorobutyryl)-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,2-f][1,4]thiazepin-5(4H)-one 169807-49-2 C11H12ClNO2S2
7-(4-chlorobutyryl)-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,2-f][1,4]thiazepin-5(4H)-one
—— 1-[(2-Methylbutan-2-YL)disulfanyl]octane 663622-76-2 C13H28S2
1-[(2-Methylbutan-2-YL)disulfanyl]octane
—— 1,4-bis(3-octylthio-2-thienyl)benzene 372104-02-4 C30H42S4
1,4-bis(3-octylthio-2-thienyl)benzene
—— (Z)-(1-bromodec-1-en-2-yl)(phenyl)sulfane 1279713-38-0 C16H23BrS
(Z)-(1-bromodec-1-en-2-yl)(phenyl)sulfane
—— (Z)-(2-bromo-1-cyclohexylvinyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane 1279713-44-8 C15H19BrS
(Z)-(2-bromo-1-cyclohexylvinyl)(p-tolyl)sulfane
—— (Z)-[4-methyl-1-(octylthio)pent-1-en-2-yl](p-tolyl)sulfane 1370652-48-4 C21H34S2
(Z)-[4-methyl-1-(octylthio)pent-1-en-2-yl](p-tolyl)sulfane
—— Octylsulfanyl(tridecylsulfanyl)methanethione 1051887-03-6 C22H44S3
Octylsulfanyl(tridecylsulfanyl)methanethione
—— S-octyl N,N-diethylcarbamothioate 1018985-15-3 C13H27NOS
S-octyl N,N-diethylcarbamothioate
—— 1-[(3E,5E)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitrohexa-3,5-dien-3-yl]sulfanyl-4-methylbenzene 77922-30-6 C15H18ClNO2S
1-[(3E,5E)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitrohexa-3,5-dien-3-yl]sulfanyl-4-methylbenzene
—— 2-{2-[((Z)-Heptadec-8-enyl)sulfanyl]-oxazol-5-yl}-pyridine 832077-53-9 C25H38N2OS
2-{2-[((Z)-Heptadec-8-enyl)sulfanyl]-oxazol-5-yl}-pyridine
—— 3-[(5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)amino]-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride 1100795-14-9 C25H25Cl3F3N2S*Cl
3-[(5-chloro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)amino]-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride
—— 2,4-dioctylthio-benzenamine 1226710-30-0 C22H39NS2
2,4-dioctylthio-benzenamine
—— 2-octylthio-3-pyridinamine 1095630-55-9 C13H22N2S
2-octylthio-3-pyridinamine
—— 3-({5-chloro-2-[2-naphthylthio]phenyl}amino)-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride 1100795-13-8 C28H28Cl3N2S*Cl
3-({5-chloro-2-[2-naphthylthio]phenyl}amino)-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride
—— N'-[5-chloro-2-(1-naphthylthio)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine 1100795-02-5 C21H23ClN2S
N'-[5-chloro-2-(1-naphthylthio)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine
—— 3-furyl octyl sulfide 1114567-72-4 C12H20OS
3-furyl octyl sulfide
—— 2-(5-nitro-[2]pyridylmercapto)-benzoic acid 6285-15-0 C12H8N2O4S
2-(5-nitro-[2]pyridylmercapto)-benzoic acid
—— N'-(5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine 1100795-06-9 C18H20ClF3N2S
N'-(5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine
—— 3-({5-chloro-2-[1-naphthylthio]phenyl}amino)-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride 1100795-11-6 C28H28Cl3N2S*Cl
3-({5-chloro-2-[1-naphthylthio]phenyl}amino)-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride
—— 3-[(5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)amino]-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride 1100795-15-0 C25H25Cl3F3N2S*Cl
3-[(5-chloro-2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)amino]-N-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ammonium chloride
—— 4-(3-{[5-chloro-2-(naphthylthio)phenyl]amino}propyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1-methylpiperazin-1-ium chloride 1100795-18-3 C31H33Cl3N3S*Cl
4-(3-{[5-chloro-2-(naphthylthio)phenyl]amino}propyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1-methylpiperazin-1-ium chloride
—— N'-[5-chloro-2-(2-naphthylthio)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine 1100795-03-6 C21H23ClN2S
N'-[5-chloro-2-(2-naphthylthio)phenyl]-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine
—— 1-bromo-4-(octylthio)benzene 76542-23-9 C14H21BrS
1-bromo-4-(octylthio)benzene
—— 2-chloro-5-(2-cyano-5-cyanomethylthio-3-aminothienyl)pyridine 1303528-67-7 C12H7ClN4S2
2-chloro-5-(2-cyano-5-cyanomethylthio-3-aminothienyl)pyridine
—— n-octylsulfenyl chloride 40390-87-2 C8H17ClS
n-octylsulfenyl chloride
—— 2-methyl-7-phenyl-2-phenylthioheptan-2-one 117749-80-1 C20H24OS
2-methyl-7-phenyl-2-phenylthioheptan-2-one
—— butyl octyl disulfide 64258-18-0 C12H26S2
butyl octyl disulfide
—— allyl n-octyl sulfide 18365-72-5 C11H22S
allyl n-octyl sulfide
—— dioctyl trisulfide 15619-02-0 C16H34S3
dioctyl trisulfide
—— n-octyl(4-(pentafluorosulfanyl)phenyl)sulfane 1272542-20-7 C14H21F5S2
n-octyl(4-(pentafluorosulfanyl)phenyl)sulfane
—— 2-chloro-5-(2-cyano-5-cyanomethylthio-3-hydroxythienyl)pyridine 1303528-71-3 C12H6ClN3OS2
2-chloro-5-(2-cyano-5-cyanomethylthio-3-hydroxythienyl)pyridine
—— O-octyl N,N-dimethylcarbamothioate 21299-35-4 C11H23NOS
O-octyl N,N-dimethylcarbamothioate