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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— 1,2-octadiene-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-54-6 C20H22S2
1,2-octadiene-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 2-octynyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-66-0 C20H22S2
2-octynyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— Undec-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene 153940-37-5 C17H24S
Undec-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene
—— 1,2-heptadiene-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-52-4 C19H20S2
1,2-heptadiene-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 1,1-bis(phenylthio)-2-heptyne 114245-26-0 C19H20S2
1,1-bis(phenylthio)-2-heptyne
—— 1-(1-methylthio-5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-cycloocta[c]pyridin-3-yl)-ethanone 499766-71-1 C14H19NOS
1-(1-methylthio-5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-cycloocta[c]pyridin-3-yl)-ethanone
—— 3-acetryl-5,6-dihydro-1-(methylsulfanyl)-7H-cyclopenta[c]pyridine 499766-65-3 C11H13NOS
3-acetryl-5,6-dihydro-1-(methylsulfanyl)-7H-cyclopenta[c]pyridine
—— 3-chloro-1-heptenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-70-6 C19H21ClS2
3-chloro-1-heptenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 2-(1,3-Dithian-2-yl(hydroxy)methyl)-1,3-dithiane-2-carbaldehyde 907177-36-0 C10H16O2S4
2-(1,3-Dithian-2-yl(hydroxy)methyl)-1,3-dithiane-2-carbaldehyde
—— 1-(1-methylthio-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[c]pyridin-3-yl)-ethanone 499766-70-0 C13H17NOS
1-(1-methylthio-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[c]pyridin-3-yl)-ethanone
—— 5-acetoxy-3,3-dimethylenedithiopentanal 136400-65-2 C9H14O3S2
5-acetoxy-3,3-dimethylenedithiopentanal
—— (3-Diethylcarbamoylsulfanyl-phenyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester 67443-55-4 C15H21NO3S
(3-Diethylcarbamoylsulfanyl-phenyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester
—— 2-undecenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-68-2 C23H28S2
2-undecenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 1-Chlorohept-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene 194856-60-5 C13H15ClS
1-Chlorohept-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene
—— 1-Chloroundec-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene 153940-40-0 C17H23ClS
1-Chloroundec-2-ynylsulfanylbenzene
—— 3-chloro-1-undecenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-73-9 C23H29ClS2
3-chloro-1-undecenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 1454680-45-5 C17H20S
2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
—— 2-Methyl-4-pentenedithioic acid 67230-74-4 C6H10S2
2-Methyl-4-pentenedithioic acid
—— 2-(mesitylthio)ethanol 859777-04-1 C11H16OS
2-(mesitylthio)ethanol
—— 3,3-dimethylenedithio-5-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]pentanal 136400-66-3 C12H20O3S2
3,3-dimethylenedithio-5-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]pentanal
—— 3-(Methanesulfinyl-methylsulfanyl-methyl)-cyclopentanone 65550-02-9 C8H14O2S2
3-(Methanesulfinyl-methylsulfanyl-methyl)-cyclopentanone
—— (3-bromo-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)(phenyl)sulfane 1421690-06-3 C15H15BrS
(3-bromo-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)(phenyl)sulfane
—— 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-[(phenylmethyl)thio]benzene 16928-74-8 C16H18S
1,3,5-trimethyl-2-[(phenylmethyl)thio]benzene
—— 1,2-Bis(sulfanyl)ethan-1-ol 342613-61-0 C2H6OS2
1,2-Bis(sulfanyl)ethan-1-ol
—— 2-methyl-6-methylene-3-phenylthio-7-octen-2-ol 94836-03-0 C16H22OS
2-methyl-6-methylene-3-phenylthio-7-octen-2-ol
—— 1,2-nonadienyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-56-8 C21H24S2
1,2-nonadienyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 3-chloro-1-nonenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-72-8 C21H25ClS2
3-chloro-1-nonenyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 2-nonynyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene 198982-67-1 C21H24S2
2-nonynyl-1,1-bis thiobenzene
—— 5-[5-(Dimethoxymethyl)thiophen-2-yl]sulfanylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde 192990-67-3 C12H12O3S3
5-[5-(Dimethoxymethyl)thiophen-2-yl]sulfanylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— 1-chloro-6-phenylthio-2-ochtodene 82528-37-8 C16H21ClS
1-chloro-6-phenylthio-2-ochtodene
—— 1-acetoxy-6-phenylthio-2-ochtodene 82528-38-9 C18H24O2S
1-acetoxy-6-phenylthio-2-ochtodene
—— 4-diphenyl(methyl)phosphoranylideneamino-6-methyl-3-methylthio-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5-one 139702-57-1 C18H19N4OPS
4-diphenyl(methyl)phosphoranylideneamino-6-methyl-3-methylthio-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5-one
—— 1-(Ethansulfinyl)-2-methyl-propen 65832-85-1 C6H12OS
1-(Ethansulfinyl)-2-methyl-propen
—— (E)-4-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol 76120-47-3 C17H18OS
(E)-4-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol
—— 2-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol 76120-45-1 C17H18OS
2-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol
—— (Z)-4-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol 76120-46-2 C17H18OS
(Z)-4-(p-methylphenylthio)-1-phenylbut-3-en-1-ol
—— 5-[5-[(E)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]thiophen-2-yl]sulfanylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde 192990-74-2 C19H17NOS3
5-[5-[(E)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]thiophen-2-yl]sulfanylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde
—— 6-(phenylthio)-1-(5-(pyridin-2-yl)oxazol-2-yl)hexan-1-one 945413-93-4 C20H20N2O2S
6-(phenylthio)-1-(5-(pyridin-2-yl)oxazol-2-yl)hexan-1-one
—— 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-phenyl-6H-1,6-benzothiazocine-6-carboxamide 89569-16-4 C17H18N2OS
3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-phenyl-6H-1,6-benzothiazocine-6-carboxamide
—— 2-Ethylsulfanyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophene 748817-67-6 C12H11FS2
2-Ethylsulfanyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophene
—— 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-N-methyl-2-phenyl-6H-1,6-benzothiazocine-6-carboxamide 89569-17-5 C18H20N2OS
3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-N-methyl-2-phenyl-6H-1,6-benzothiazocine-6-carboxamide
—— (amino-5 methyl-3 pyridyl-2)-thio-2 methyl-1 imidazole 96592-28-8 C10H12N4S
(amino-5 methyl-3 pyridyl-2)-thio-2 methyl-1 imidazole
—— methyl-1 (methyl-3 nitro-5 pyridyl-2)-thio-2 imidazole 96592-27-7 C10H10N4O2S
methyl-1 (methyl-3 nitro-5 pyridyl-2)-thio-2 imidazole
—— 2-Methyl-2-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enal 69690-05-7 C11H12OS
2-Methyl-2-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enal
—— [1-(5-methylsulfanyl-pyridin-3-yl)-butyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester 1194056-07-9 C15H24N2O2S
[1-(5-methylsulfanyl-pyridin-3-yl)-butyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
—— 3-amino-N-methyl-5-methylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazole-4-carboxamide 79742-08-8 C5H9N5OS
3-amino-N-methyl-5-methylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazole-4-carboxamide
—— [(Z)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-3-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enyl] N,N-dimethylcarbamate 115412-97-0 C15H20N2O3S
[(Z)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-3-phenylsulfanylbut-3-enyl] N,N-dimethylcarbamate
—— <i>S</i>-(3-diethylamino-propyl)-isothiourea 63680-36-4 C8H19N3S
<i>S</i>-(3-diethylamino-propyl)-isothiourea
—— (E)-4-butyl-4-phenylthio-5-hepten-3-one 145788-33-6 C17H24OS
(E)-4-butyl-4-phenylthio-5-hepten-3-one
—— 1-Methyl-2-phenylsulfanyl-propylamine 67215-24-1 C10H15NS
1-Methyl-2-phenylsulfanyl-propylamine