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有机硫化合物

有机硫化合物是指含有硫原子的有机化合物。这些化合物在自然界中广泛存在,在医药、农药和材料科学等领域有着重要的应用。有机硫化合物因其化学性质独特,在药物设计、合成化学以及材料制备方面扮演着重要角色。

1. 结构与分类

有机硫化合物可以按硫的连接方式分为饱和和不饱和类,如二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、砜等。常见的结构类型有:

  • 二硫化物:含-S-S-键的化合物。
  • 硫醚(Thiols):含有-R-S-H或-R-S-R 基团的化合物。
  • 磺酸酯(Sulfonates)与磺酸盐(Sulfonates):带有-SO3H基团的化合物,广泛应用于合成和制药领域。
  • 噻吩及其衍生物:具有环状结构的有机硫化物。
2. 生物学活性

许多有机硫化合物在生物学上有重要功能或应用潜力。例如:

  • 某些硫醚类药物被用于抗真菌、抗菌以及抗癌治疗。
  • 硫代葡萄糖苷(Glycosinolate)是十字花科植物中的一种天然存在物质,具有生物活性。
3. 合成方法

有机硫化合物可通过多种途径合成:

  • 亲核取代反应:使用含硫试剂与卤化物进行反应。
  • 自由基加成法:采用氧化剂引发自由基形成,通过烯烃与H2S、R-S-H等反应制备。
  • 金属催化转化:利用钯、铜等催化剂促进特定硫化过程。
4. 应用领域

有机硫化合物的应用广泛:

  • 医药领域:用于开发抗菌剂、抗病毒药物及抗癌药物等。
  • 农学研究:某些有机硫化合物作为生物农药的有效成分,能够抑制病害的发生。
  • 材料科学与技术:在导电聚合物和塑料添加剂中有重要应用。
5. 环境与安全性

尽管有机硫化合物具有许多潜在益处,但其生产和使用也可能对环境造成影响。因此,在设计和合成这些化合物时需要考虑可持续性和环保性因素。

以上是对有机硫化合物的简单介绍,包括它们的结构、生物学活性、合成方法及其应用领域等基本信息。

中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
—— dimethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 1-methylsulfanyl-hexyl ester 53799-81-8 C10H21NS3
dimethyl-dithiocarbamic acid 1-methylsulfanyl-hexyl ester
—— 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene 1254175-16-0 C14H11ClS
2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene
—— 3-(Diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-3-(5-phenylsulfanyl-cyclopent-1-enyl)-butan-2-ol 64894-39-9 C27H29O2PS
3-(Diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-3-(5-phenylsulfanyl-cyclopent-1-enyl)-butan-2-ol
—— 4-amino-5-cyano-2,6-dimethylthio-pyrimidine 98277-53-3 C7H8N4S2
4-amino-5-cyano-2,6-dimethylthio-pyrimidine
—— 4-Hydroxy-5-phenylsulfanyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethyl)pentan-2-one 1029128-81-1 C18H20O2S2
4-Hydroxy-5-phenylsulfanyl-4-(phenylsulfanylmethyl)pentan-2-one
—— 1,3-Bis(phenylsulfanyl)acetone oxime 187672-10-2 C15H15NOS2
1,3-Bis(phenylsulfanyl)acetone oxime
—— 2,2',<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>',<i>N</i>'-hexamethyl-2,2'-thiocarbonyldiamino-bis-thiopropionamide 61796-35-8 C13H26N4S3
2,2',<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>',<i>N</i>'-hexamethyl-2,2'-thiocarbonyldiamino-bis-thiopropionamide
—— 21,27,33,38-Tetratert-butyl-42,43-dihydroxy-3,17-dioxa-7,9,11,13-tetrathiaheptacyclo[17.15.7.125,29.136,40.02,31.08,12.018,23]tritetraconta-1,8(12),18,20,22,25(43),26,28,31,33,36,38,40(42)-tridecaene-10-thione 863915-94-0 C53H66O4S5
21,27,33,38-Tetratert-butyl-42,43-dihydroxy-3,17-dioxa-7,9,11,13-tetrathiaheptacyclo[17.15.7.125,29.136,40.02,31.08,12.018,23]tritetraconta-1,8(12),18,20,22,25(43),26,28,31,33,36,38,40(42)-tridecaene-10-thione
—— (Z)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,3-bis(phenylsulfanyl)but-3-en-2-one 115413-29-1 C18H19NOS2
(Z)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,3-bis(phenylsulfanyl)but-3-en-2-one
—— 1-Methylsulfanyl-3,5-bis[(4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)sulfanyl]benzene 213135-26-3 C25H28O2S3
1-Methylsulfanyl-3,5-bis[(4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)sulfanyl]benzene
—— 2-methyl-but-3-enedithioic acid methyl ester 69079-28-3 C6H10S2
2-methyl-but-3-enedithioic acid methyl ester
—— 1,3-Bis(phenylthio)-5,7-diazaadamantan-2-one 78693-62-6 C20H20N2OS2
1,3-Bis(phenylthio)-5,7-diazaadamantan-2-one
—— methyl 2-ethenyl-2-methyl-4-pentenedithioate 107094-83-7 C9H14S2
methyl 2-ethenyl-2-methyl-4-pentenedithioate
—— (E)-4-(3-phenylsulfanyl-1H-indol-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one 148404-04-0 C18H15NOS
(E)-4-(3-phenylsulfanyl-1H-indol-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one
—— methyl 4-methyl-2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate 107094-88-2 C10H16S2
methyl 4-methyl-2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate
—— prop-1-enyl propanedithioate 65901-84-0 C6H10S2
prop-1-enyl propanedithioate
—— O-(But-3-en-1-yl) S-methyl dithiocarbonate 89489-35-0 C6H10OS2
O-(But-3-en-1-yl) S-methyl dithiocarbonate
—— 2,5,5-trimethyl-4,4-bis-methylsulfanyl-hepta-1,6-diene 69079-36-3 C12H22S2
2,5,5-trimethyl-4,4-bis-methylsulfanyl-hepta-1,6-diene
—— (2-Hydroxy-phenylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester 20277-05-8 C10H12O3S
(2-Hydroxy-phenylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester
—— methyl 2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate 107094-87-1 C9H14S2
methyl 2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate
—— dithiopropionic acid allyl ester 41830-43-7 C6H10S2
dithiopropionic acid allyl ester
—— 2,5 dimethyl-3-<(1-isopropylthio-1-methylthio)-1-pentyl>-1,5-hexadiene —— C17H32S2
2,5 dimethyl-3-<(1-isopropylthio-1-methylthio)-1-pentyl>-1,5-hexadiene
—— 2,5 dimethyl-3-(isopropylthiomethylthio) methyl-1,5-hexadiene —— C13H24S2
2,5 dimethyl-3-(isopropylthiomethylthio) methyl-1,5-hexadiene
—— O-(1-isopropoxy-2,2-dimethylvinyl) S-methyl dithiocarbonate 123311-27-3 C9H16O2S2
O-(1-isopropoxy-2,2-dimethylvinyl) S-methyl dithiocarbonate
—— methyl 3-methyl-2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate —— C10H16S2
methyl 3-methyl-2-(propen-2-yl)-4-pentenedithioate
—— tetrakis[bis(phenylthio)methyl]silane 1266779-33-2 C52H44S8Si
tetrakis[bis(phenylthio)methyl]silane
—— 5-Methylthio-4-phenylthiazol 61580-02-7 C10H9NS2
5-Methylthio-4-phenylthiazol
—— 1-[Diethoxyphosphoryl(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]sulfanyl-4-methylbenzene 123277-97-4 C18H23O3PS2
1-[Diethoxyphosphoryl(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]sulfanyl-4-methylbenzene
—— 3-Phenylsulfanylfuran-2(5H)-one 42435-82-5 C10H8O2S
3-Phenylsulfanylfuran-2(5H)-one
—— (I+/-R)-3-(Methylthio)-I+/--(trifluoromethyl)benzenemethanamine 843608-56-0 C9H10F3NS
(I+/-R)-3-(Methylthio)-I+/--(trifluoromethyl)benzenemethanamine
—— 2-β-Hydroxyethio-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-pyridin 23003-28-3 C8H11NO2S
2-β-Hydroxyethio-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-pyridin
—— 2-(methylthio)-3-phenylfuran 91632-67-6 C11H10OS
2-(methylthio)-3-phenylfuran
—— allyl (p-methylphenylthio)methyl ether 113360-07-9 C11H14OS
allyl (p-methylphenylthio)methyl ether
—— 1-p-tolylthio-1-trimethylsilyl-hex-5-ene 146904-45-2 C16H26SSi
1-p-tolylthio-1-trimethylsilyl-hex-5-ene
—— bis-benzo[1,3]dithiol-2-yl-malononitrile 59376-12-4 C17H10N2S4
bis-benzo[1,3]dithiol-2-yl-malononitrile
—— phenyl 2-(1'-cyclohexenyl)ethenyl 208768-03-0 C14H14S
phenyl 2-(1'-cyclohexenyl)ethenyl
—— 2-Methylmercapto-benzamidin 343270-75-7 C8H10N2S
2-Methylmercapto-benzamidin
—— methyl 2-[1-(2-amino-5-bromophenylthio)cyclopropyl]-2-chloroacetate 552832-63-0 C12H13BrClNO2S
methyl 2-[1-(2-amino-5-bromophenylthio)cyclopropyl]-2-chloroacetate
—— methyl α-phenylthio-α-cyclopropylidene acetate 108604-70-2 C12H12O2S
methyl α-phenylthio-α-cyclopropylidene acetate
—— Cyclohexanone, 2-methyl-6-(phenylthio)-, cis- 66032-99-3 C13H16OS
Cyclohexanone, 2-methyl-6-(phenylthio)-, cis-
—— α-Chlorpropionylisothiocyanat 19103-79-8 C4H4ClNOS
α-Chlorpropionylisothiocyanat
—— Methyl 2-(1'-phenylselenocyclopropyl)-2-phenylthioacetate 110793-88-9 C18H18O2SSe
Methyl 2-(1'-phenylselenocyclopropyl)-2-phenylthioacetate
—— 2-[(4-Bromophenyl)sulfanylmethyl]-6-methylpyridine 83782-43-8 C13H12BrNS
2-[(4-Bromophenyl)sulfanylmethyl]-6-methylpyridine
—— 3-methylthio-2,4-diazabicylo[4.2.0]octa-1(6),2-dien-5-one 908009-76-7 C7H8N2OS
3-methylthio-2,4-diazabicylo[4.2.0]octa-1(6),2-dien-5-one
—— methyl 2-[1-(2-aminophenylthio)cyclopropyl]-2-chloroacetate 552832-38-9 C12H14ClNO2S
methyl 2-[1-(2-aminophenylthio)cyclopropyl]-2-chloroacetate
—— 1-phenyl-2,3-bisphenylthiopent-1-ene 71722-19-5 C23H22S2
1-phenyl-2,3-bisphenylthiopent-1-ene
—— 1-phenyl-2,3-bisphenylthiopent-1-ene 69063-51-0 C23H22S2
1-phenyl-2,3-bisphenylthiopent-1-ene
—— 2-(4-Chlor-3-fluorphenylthio)benzylchlorid 60810-62-0 C13H9Cl2FS
2-(4-Chlor-3-fluorphenylthio)benzylchlorid
—— 2H-Pyran-4-ol, tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-[(phenylthio)ethynyl]- 58174-73-5 C15H18O2S
2H-Pyran-4-ol, tetrahydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-[(phenylthio)ethynyl]-
—— (1-Ethoxymethyl-but-3-enylsulfanyl)-benzene 62162-23-6 C13H18OS
(1-Ethoxymethyl-but-3-enylsulfanyl)-benzene