黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | [5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-6-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-8-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-[3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-[5-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate | —— | C95H80O48 |
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—— | 8-Chloro-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3-C-methylflavanone | —— | C16H13ClO5 |
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—— | Luteolin 4'-methyl ether 7-sulfate | —— | C16H12O9S |
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—— | 5-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-22-(2-imidazol-1-ylethyl)-6,12-dioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]docosa-1,7,13,15(20),16,18-hexaene-4,18-diol | —— | C32H32N2O6 |
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—— | N-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide | —— | C21H15NO4S |
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—— | 3,3',4'-Trihydroxyflavone 3-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)]-b-D-glucopyranoside] | 95880-20-9 | C33H40O18 |
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—— | 5-ethyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-methoxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-naphtho[2,1-f]chromene-3,8-diol | —— | C27H28O6 |
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—— | 8-[[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-8-yl]methyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C59H68O34 |
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—— | 6,8-dimethylluteolin | 93290-63-2 | C17H14O6 |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-methylbut-2-enoate | —— | C21H18O8 |
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—— | [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C63H72O34 |
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—— | (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((S)-2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-hydroxychroman-5-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol | —— | C23H28O10 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C34H42O22 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-[4-[(3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl)methoxy]phenyl]-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C33H42O19 |
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—— | 5-[3-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-2-yl]benzene-1,2,3-triol | —— | C20H21O11+ |
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—— | 5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-benzopyrone | 2798-22-3 | C18H16O7 |
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—— | [5-Acetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-[[5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxo-7-[2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C46H60O22 |
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—— | 7-Hydro xy-6,8-dimethylflavanone | —— | C17H16O3 |
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—— | 5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbutyl)-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C32H40O16 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione | —— | C28H18O10 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C25H26O14 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O6 |
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—— | 5,7-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-chroman | 97640-83-0 | C17H18O3 |
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—— | 5,2',4'-Trihydroxy-3,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone | —— | C19H18O9 |
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—— | Scoparin 2''-xyloside | 124934-30-1 | C27H30O15 |
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—— | [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C32H30O15 |
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—— | 6-(3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-phenyl-8,9-dihydro-2H,10H-pyrano[2,3-f ]-chromen-10-one | 1177138-17-8 | C30H28O8 |
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—— | 3,5-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O17 |
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—— | 2-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C27H32O15 |
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—— | 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[3,7,8-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,7,8-tetrol | —— | C30H26O11 |
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—— | 2-[4-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O20 |
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—— | 3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O11 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-4,8-diphenyl-3,4,6,7-tetrahydro-2H,6H-benzo<1,2-b:5,4-b'>dipyran-2,6-dione | 109386-27-8 | C24H18O5 |
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—— | N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]-2-methoxybenzamide | —— | C27H25NO4 |
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—— | 3-[[6-[[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-5-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid | —— | C54H57O28+ |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-2-methyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one | —— | C27H34O8 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-8-[2-[3-[5-(4-methylspiro[4.4]nonan-4-yl)-2-piperazin-1-yl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]phenyl]ethyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C42H47N3O6 |
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—— | 6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O20 |
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—— | 2-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C27H33O15+ |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione | —— | C27H22O9 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[c]pyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8(3H,9H)-dione | —— | C24H23NO4 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-10-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione | —— | C23H18N2O7 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-8,3',4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone | 32348-78-0 | C19H18O8 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one | —— | C20H18O5 |
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—— | [6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C24H27O12+ |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C29H34O15 |
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—— | 4-[(cyclopentylamino)methoxy]-4-[[[(2-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpentyl)amino]methylamino]methyl]-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-(hydroxymethyl)-21-(1H-indol-5-ylmethyl)-6,12-dioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]docosa-1,7,13,15(20),16,18-hexaen-18-ol | —— | C52H66N4O8 |
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—— | 3,5'-O-dimethylmyricetin | 73607-03-1 | C17H14O8 |
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—— | Ethyl 4-[3-hydroxy-5-oxo-7-phenyl-13-(2-phenylethenyl)-8,14-dioxatetracyclo[11.3.1.02,11.04,9]heptadeca-2,4(9),10-trien-15-yl]butanoate | —— | C35H36O6 |
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