黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | (6R)-6-methoxy-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromeno[4,3-b]quinoxaline | —— | C23H18N2O3 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H19ClN4OS2 |
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—— | 11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22N4O2S |
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—— | 9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H16FN5O |
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—— | (2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C23H25O12+ |
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—— | (2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C23H25O12+ |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19ClN4O2 |
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—— | 9-(2-methylphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22N4O |
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—— | [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-fluorophenyl)azanium | —— | C24H21FNO2+ |
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—— | 9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18BrFN4OS |
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—— | 4-chloro-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O2S |
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—— | [(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | —— | C22H19NO4S |
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—— | [(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate | —— | C22H19NO4S |
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—— | 9-(4-bromophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H17BrN4OS2 |
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—— | 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C28H26N4O3S |
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—— | (2R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C17H16O6 |
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—— | (2S)-2-ethoxy-3-methoxy-2-phenylchromene | —— | C18H18O3 |
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—— | (2R)-6-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-diphenyl-2H-chromene | —— | C29H24O |
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—— | 11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H16BrClN4O |
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—— | (2S,3E)-3-[(2-nitrophenyl)methylidene]-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C22H15NO4 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H20ClFN4O3 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H20ClFN4O3 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22ClN5O3 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H20ClFN4O2S |
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—— | methyl 4-[11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate | —— | C27H21BrN4O4 |
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—— | 9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H17BrClFN4O2 |
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—— | 9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H19BrN4O2S2 |
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—— | (3aR,4R,9bS)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole | —— | C18H18N2O5 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxymethyl]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxymethyl]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19ClN4O2 |
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—— | 7-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-phenyl-7,12-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine | —— | C24H17FN4O |
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—— | (E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H21NO10 |
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—— | (Z)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H21ClO9 |
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—— | (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H22O9 |
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—— | (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H22O9 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxymethyl]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (E)-4-[5-[3-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-oxopropyl]-2-hydroxyanilino]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid | —— | C25H27NO13 |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxymethyl]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (E)-1-[2-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H21NO10 |
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—— | (E)-4-[5-[3-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-oxopropyl]-2-hydroxyanilino]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid | —— | C25H27NO13 |
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—— | (2S)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O9 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O15 |
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—— | 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,5-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]chromen-7-one | —— | C29H34O17 |
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