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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 8-methyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone —— C16H14O6
    8-methyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone
    —— 9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O3
    9-(5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3,7-Dichlorflavon 36752-35-9 C15H8Cl2O2
    3,7-Dichlorflavon
    —— 9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18Cl2N4O
    9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— Sodium 2-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)benzenesulfonate hydrate —— C15H11NaO7S
    Sodium 2-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)benzenesulfonate hydrate
    —— 9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4O4S
    9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azaniumyl-3-methylbutanoate —— C21H21NO4
    2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azaniumyl-3-methylbutanoate
    —— 4-chloro-9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20ClFN4OS
    4-chloro-9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O15
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [6-Chloro-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]propanoate —— C25H19Cl2NO6S
    [6-Chloro-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]propanoate
    —— [6-Chloro-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-oxo-1-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate —— C26H17Cl2NO5
    [6-Chloro-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-oxo-1-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate
    —— [[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea —— C18H16FN3O3S
    [[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea
    —— 3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C23H21NO5
    3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— 9-ethyl-N-[(4E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-9H-carbazol-3-amine —— C30H24N2O2
    9-ethyl-N-[(4E)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene]-9H-carbazol-3-amine
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-N-[(2-oxo-3H-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C21H16N2O4S
    3-methyl-4-oxo-N-[(2-oxo-3H-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-ylmethyl)-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C21H16N2O4
    3-methyl-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-ylmethyl)-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide —— C24H20N2O3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-[2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19FN4O
    9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(4-methylphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H19N5O
    9-(4-methylphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-butan-2-yl-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide —— C24H27NO6
    N-butan-2-yl-2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetamide
    —— [3,4-Diacetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-diacetyloxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-(3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C46H50O25
    [3,4-Diacetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-diacetyloxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-(3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— [4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium —— C20H23FNO2+
    [4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium
    —— 1-[4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanamine —— C20H22FNO2
    1-[4-ethoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanamine
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C26H30O15
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 4'A-[2,4-Bis(acetyloxy)phenyl]-1',2',3',4',4'A,9'A-hexahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-6'-YL acetate —— C30H34O7
    4'A-[2,4-Bis(acetyloxy)phenyl]-1',2',3',4',4'A,9'A-hexahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-6'-YL acetate
    —— 9,11-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18F2N4O2
    9,11-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4O2S
    9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-[(5-methyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)imino]chromen-6-yl]oxyacetate —— C27H22N2O5S2
    Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-[(5-methyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)imino]chromen-6-yl]oxyacetate
    —— 11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21FN4O2S
    11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-(2-methoxy-5-morpholin-4-ylsulfonylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C28H26N2O7S
    N-(2-methoxy-5-morpholin-4-ylsulfonylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— Linarin monohydrate —— C28H34O15
    Linarin monohydrate
    —— (3,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl)oxymethyl-N-oxophosphonamidic acid —— C16H12NO8P
    (3,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl)oxymethyl-N-oxophosphonamidic acid
    —— 9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4O2S
    9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide —— C26H23N5O2S
    4-[(4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide
    —— [3,4,5-Triacetyloxy-6-[3-hydroxy-4-[3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoyl]-5-[3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C43H49NO24
    [3,4,5-Triacetyloxy-6-[3-hydroxy-4-[3-(4-nitrophenyl)propanoyl]-5-[3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— N-[4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine —— C31H30N2O5S
    N-[4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H22O13
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(1-oxo-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one —— C24H17ClO4
    2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-(1-oxo-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 6-[[5,6-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H20O12
    6-[[5,6-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C24H15ClO4
    (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C25H18O5
    (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C24H15NO6
    (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Methyl-oxo-[[4-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phosphanium —— C17H14O7P+
    Methyl-oxo-[[4-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phosphanium
    —— Ethoxymethoxy-[[2-hydroxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phosphinic acid —— C19H19O11P
    Ethoxymethoxy-[[2-hydroxy-5-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phosphinic acid
    —— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 1-(4-methylphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate —— C28H22ClNO5
    [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 1-(4-methylphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate
    —— [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate —— C23H15ClO5
    [2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 4-morpholin-4-ylsulfonyl-2-nitro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline —— C25H24N4O6S
    4-morpholin-4-ylsulfonyl-2-nitro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline
    —— 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(5-pyridin-3-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C23H15N3O5
    2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(5-pyridin-3-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)methoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 7-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-4-carboxylic acid —— C17H13O5+
    7-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-4-carboxylic acid