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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— N-(1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)-2-((5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)acetamide —— C21H17NO7S
    N-(1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)-2-((5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)acetamide
    —— 12-[(cyclohexylamino)methoxy]-12-[[[(2-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpentyl)amino]methylamino]methyl]-11-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-18-(1H-indol-5-yl)-19-(methylaminomethyl)-4,10-dioxahexacyclo[15.7.1.02,15.03,8.09,14.021,25]pentacosa-1(25),2,8,14,19,21,23-heptaen-22-ol —— C57H73N5O8
    12-[(cyclohexylamino)methoxy]-12-[[[(2-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpentyl)amino]methylamino]methyl]-11-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-18-(1H-indol-5-yl)-19-(methylaminomethyl)-4,10-dioxahexacyclo[15.7.1.02,15.03,8.09,14.021,25]pentacosa-1(25),2,8,14,19,21,23-heptaen-22-ol
    —— 6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O12
    6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 3,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C15H12O8
    3,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O14
    5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,7-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [6-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C36H36O18
    [6-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [4-Acetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C44H38O18
    [4-Acetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O16
    2-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylpent-2-enyl)chromen-4-one —— C21H20O6
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylpent-2-enyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydrochromen-4-one —— C33H52O19
    3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C60H50O24
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-8-yl]-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 8,2'-dimethoxyflavone 115713-42-3 C17H14O4
    8,2'-dimethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-methoxy-3-(methylaminomethoxy)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-naphtho[2,1-f]chromen-8-ol —— C27H29NO6
    2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-11-methoxy-3-(methylaminomethoxy)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-naphtho[2,1-f]chromen-8-ol
    —— 3,4-Dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C29H32O16
    3,4-Dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 3-[[6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C25H27O14+
    3-[[6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-10-propyl-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4,8-dione —— C23H22O5
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-10-propyl-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4,8-dione
    —— [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] 2-methylpropanoate —— C19H18O7
    [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] 2-methylpropanoate
    —— Luteolin 6-C-glucoside 8-C-arabinoside —— C27H30O16
    Luteolin 6-C-glucoside 8-C-arabinoside
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[4-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C31H22O10
    5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[4-(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 6-methylapigenin 5526-57-8 C16H12O5
    6-methylapigenin
    —— 2-[3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C20H20O8
    2-[3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2,7,10,11,15,20,21-Heptamethoxy-5,17-diphenyl-4,12,18-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,11.03,8.014,19]henicosa-1(21),3(8),13,19-tetraen-9-one —— C37H40O11
    2,7,10,11,15,20,21-Heptamethoxy-5,17-diphenyl-4,12,18-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,11.03,8.014,19]henicosa-1(21),3(8),13,19-tetraen-9-one
    —— Pasternoside 10576-85-9 C28H32O16
    Pasternoside
    —— [6-[4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C30H28O13
    [6-[4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2,3,10-trihydroxy-6a,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one —— C16H12O6
    2,3,10-trihydroxy-6a,12a-dihydro-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one
    —— 5,6,7-trihydroxy-8-(1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C27H28N4O6
    5,6,7-trihydroxy-8-(1-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H28O6
    8-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— Quercetin 3-O-(6"-malonyl-glucoside) 7-O-glucoside 194093-39-5 C30H32O20
    Quercetin 3-O-(6"-malonyl-glucoside) 7-O-glucoside
    —— 2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C26H26O9
    2-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 8-[2-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one —— C30H36O6
    8-[2-(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one
    —— 2-(6-carboxy-1,3-benzodioxan-8-yl)-6-chlorochromone —— C18H11ClO6
    2-(6-carboxy-1,3-benzodioxan-8-yl)-6-chlorochromone
    —— 5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-methoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C30H36O15
    5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-methoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5,4'-dihydroxyflavanol 86788-60-5 C15H10O5
    5,4'-dihydroxyflavanol
    —— 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C32H38O20
    3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— Butyl 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate —— C25H26O11
    Butyl 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylate
    —— (E)-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine —— C29H24N2O3
    (E)-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ylidene)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine
    —— 7,2',3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone —— C19H18O6
    7,2',3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H30O7
    2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O9
    2-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-[29-Ethyl-14-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-9-(3-hydroxy-5-phenylpent-4-enoxy)-10-methoxy-7-oxospiro[4,12-dioxa-23,26,28-triazaoctacyclo[20.15.2.216,19.132,36.02,11.03,8.021,26.027,31]dotetraconta-2(11),3(8),5,9,16,18,27(31),29,32,34,36(40),41-dodecaen-38-yne-20,1'-cyclopentane]-17-yl]guanidine —— C63H66N6O8
    2-[29-Ethyl-14-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-9-(3-hydroxy-5-phenylpent-4-enoxy)-10-methoxy-7-oxospiro[4,12-dioxa-23,26,28-triazaoctacyclo[20.15.2.216,19.132,36.02,11.03,8.021,26.027,31]dotetraconta-2(11),3(8),5,9,16,18,27(31),29,32,34,36(40),41-dodecaen-38-yne-20,1'-cyclopentane]-17-yl]guanidine
    —— 8-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C28H32O16
    8-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— Quercetin 3-[rhamnosyl-(1->2)-rhamnosyl-(1->6)-glucoside] 32453-37-5 C33H40O20
    Quercetin 3-[rhamnosyl-(1->2)-rhamnosyl-(1->6)-glucoside]
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione —— C26H16N2O8
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione
    —— 6-methoxyisopongaglabol 92831-88-4 C18H12O5
    6-methoxyisopongaglabol
    —— 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-1-enyl)-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-4-one —— C25H26O6
    2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-1-enyl)-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O11
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-8-(3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C26H30O6
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-8-(3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 6-[5,6-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-2-(2-phenylethenyl)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(methylaminomethyl)oxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C31H29NO12
    6-[5,6-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-2-(2-phenylethenyl)phenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(methylaminomethyl)oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]acetic acid —— C18H16O6
    2-[2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]acetic acid
    —— 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C22H20O6
    3-Hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one