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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-[[(2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]methyl]-5-methyl-hex-4-enoic acid —— C23H24O8
    2-[[(2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]methyl]-5-methyl-hex-4-enoic acid
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C18H16O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(2-bromoethoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C32H27BrO7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(2-bromoethoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(2-chloroethoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C32H27ClO7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(2-chloroethoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 7-(6-bromohexoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C22H23BrO7
    7-(6-bromohexoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-7-one —— C30H24O7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-7-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C32H28O8
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxychromen-5-one —— C31H26O7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-4-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxychromen-5-one
    —— 7-(4-chlorobutoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C20H19ClO7
    7-(4-chlorobutoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 7-(2-bromoethoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C18H15BrO7
    7-(2-bromoethoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-7-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C22H24O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-7-(6-hydroxyhexoxy)-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(6-bromohexoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C36H35BrO7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(6-bromohexoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(4-chlorobutoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C34H31ClO7
    2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-7-(4-chlorobutoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-[2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyethoxy]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C34H26O14
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-[2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyethoxy]-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 7-(2-chloroethoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one —— C18H15ClO7
    7-(2-chloroethoxy)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxychromen-5-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C33H42O20
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C25H26O6
    2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxychromen-7-one —— C19H18O8
    2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxychromen-7-one
    —— 2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,4,7-trihydroxy-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)chromen-5-one —— C30H34O7
    2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,4,7-trihydroxy-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)chromen-5-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C20H18O6
    2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-5-one —— C25H26O7
    2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-8,8-dimethylpyrano[2,3-h]chromen-5-one
    —— 13,19-dihydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-15-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-2,8,16-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.017,22]docosa-1(14),3,5,9,12,17(22),18,20-octaen-11-one —— C25H22O6
    13,19-dihydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-15-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-2,8,16-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.017,22]docosa-1(14),3,5,9,12,17(22),18,20-octaen-11-one
    —— 4,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C21H20O6
    4,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C25H26O6
    3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 2-[3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-4,5-dihydroxychromen-7-one —— C25H26O5
    2-[3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-4,5-dihydroxychromen-7-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-5-one —— C27H28O6
    2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)pyrano[2,3-h]chromen-5-one
    —— 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C20H18O6
    3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-hydroxy-9,9,11-trimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8,8a,10,12a-tetrahydroisochromeno[3,4-h]chromen-5-one —— C50H48O12
    2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5-oxochromen-8-yl]-4-hydroxy-9,9,11-trimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8,8a,10,12a-tetrahydroisochromeno[3,4-h]chromen-5-one
    —— 3,4,7-trihydroxy-2-[8-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-8-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)chromen-5-one —— C30H36O7
    3,4,7-trihydroxy-2-[8-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-8-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)chromen-5-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one —— C20H18O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-7-one
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy]-1-benzopyran-4-one —— C28H34O14
    5-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxymethyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy]-1-benzopyran-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O14
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-7-one —— C17H14O6
    4,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-7-one
    —— 9-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-phenyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-8-one —— C17H12O6
    9-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-phenyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-8-one
    —— 4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-7-one —— C17H14O5
    4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2-phenylchromen-7-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]chromane-3,5,7-triol —— C22H26O12
    (2R,3S)-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]chromane-3,5,7-triol
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-5-methoxy-chromane-3,7-diol —— C17H18O7
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-5-methoxy-chromane-3,7-diol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-chroman-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol —— C22H26O12
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-chroman-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-8-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol —— C30H26O13
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chroman-8-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol
    —— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C24H15ClO6
    [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate —— C24H17ClO7
    [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate
    —— Vanillic acid 3',4'-dichloroflavon-3-yl ester —— C23H14Cl2O6
    Vanillic acid 3',4'-dichloroflavon-3-yl ester
    —— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate —— C26H19ClO8
    [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate
    —— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(3,4-diacetyloxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C28H19ClO8
    [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(3,4-diacetyloxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C25H17ClO6
    [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3-methoxy-benzoate —— C25H17ClO7
    [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3-methoxy-benzoate
    —— 3-Acetoxy-3',4'-dichloroflavone —— C17H10Cl2O4
    3-Acetoxy-3',4'-dichloroflavone
    —— 3',4'-Dichloro-3-hydroxyflavone —— C15H8Cl2O3
    3',4'-Dichloro-3-hydroxyflavone
    —— [2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-tribenzyloxybenzoate —— C43H30Cl2O7
    [2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-tribenzyloxybenzoate
    —— [2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate —— C26H18Cl2O8
    [2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl] 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoate