黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C28H32O16 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O13 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O16 |
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—— | 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O16 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O13 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O14 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | Methyl 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-[[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]imino]chromen-6-yl]oxyacetate | —— | C30H26N2O6S |
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—— | 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one | —— | C21H21ClO9 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(4-methylphenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H17ClN4OS |
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—— | 2-(8-Chloro-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-6-yl)propanoic acid | —— | C18H13ClO4 |
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—— | (4-Bromophenyl)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium | —— | C24H21BrNO3+ |
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—— | 2-methyl-3a-nitro-4-phenyl-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole | —— | C17H16N2O4 |
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—— | (2-Ethylphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium | —— | C25H24NO2+ |
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—— | 5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenyl 5-bromothiophene-2-sulfonate | —— | C30H33BrO6S2 |
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—— | 9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22N4O3 |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19ClN4O2 |
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—— | 9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-(3-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19FN4O2 |
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—— | Methyl 2-(6-ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxypropanoate | —— | C21H20O5 |
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—— | 2-(6-Ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxypropanoic acid | —— | C20H18O5 |
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—— | 2-(6-Ethyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)oxypropanoate | —— | C20H17O5- |
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—— | [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)-2-phenylacetate | —— | C31H18ClNO6 |
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—— | [2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate | —— | C26H16ClNO6 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23ClN4O3 |
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—— | 11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H22N4O2S |
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—— | 2-chloro-5-[2-(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)hydrazinyl]benzoic acid | —— | C22H17ClN2O3 |
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—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)chromen-4-imine | —— | C21H21NO3 |
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—— | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1-phenylethyl)chromen-4-imine | —— | C24H21NO2 |
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—— | 2-(6-Methyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)benzoic acid | —— | C17H14O4 |
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—— | 2-(6-Methyl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)benzoate | —— | C17H13O4- |
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—— | 2-bromo-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzamide | —— | C22H17BrN2O2 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H20ClN5O3 |
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—— | 2-methylamino-2-phenyl-3-methyl-4-phenylethynyl-2H-1-benzopyran | —— | C25H21NO |
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—— | 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-6',6'-dimethyl-2,3,5',6'-tetrahydro-1'H-spiro[chromene-4,4'-pyrimidine]-2'(3'H)-thione | —— | C20H21ClN2O2S |
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—— | N-[4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine | —— | C31H30N2O3S |
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