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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5,6-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,6-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— alpha-Glucosylhesperidin 161713-86-6 C34H44O20
    alpha-Glucosylhesperidin
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol;2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one —— C30H24O13
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol;2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O2S
    9-(3-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C23H17ClN4OS2
    4-chloro-14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H20Cl2N4O2S
    4-chloro-9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— [4-benzyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium —— C27H30NO3+
    [4-benzyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanaminium
    —— 1-[4-benzyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanamine —— C27H29NO3
    1-[4-benzyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl]-N,N-dimethylmethanamine
    —— 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4O4
    11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-methyl-9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C28H26N4OS
    4-methyl-9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— [4,5-Diacetyloxy-6-[[5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-2-[4-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enyl]oxan-3-yl] acetate —— C42H40O17
    [4,5-Diacetyloxy-6-[[5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-2-[4-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enyl]oxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— 2-cyano-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]acetamide —— C23H22N2O4
    2-cyano-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]acetamide
    —— [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] 3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C32H24N2O6
    [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] 3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Ethyl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C21H19ClO5
    Ethyl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 9-(4-fluorophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C23H16FN5O
    9-(4-fluorophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2,4,6-trichloro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline —— C21H15Cl3N2O
    2,4,6-trichloro-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]aniline
    —— 7-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7,12-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine —— C26H21ClN4O3
    7-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7,12-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine —— C30H28N2O4S
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine
    —— 11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15BrCl2N4O
    11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H18BrN5O
    9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O4
    11-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylphenyl)azanium —— C28H29N2O2+
    [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-pyrrolidin-1-ylphenyl)azanium
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15BrClFN4O
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate —— C32H25NO4
    [4-[[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-6-methylchromen-4-ylidene]amino]phenyl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate
    —— 9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16ClFN4O
    9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]oxolane-2-carboxamide —— C20H20N2O3
    N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]oxolane-2-carboxamide
    —— 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O
    9-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18BrFN4O2
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methoxy-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— methyl 4-[11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C27H22N4O3
    methyl 4-[11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
    —— (6-Hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)-(4-methoxyphenyl)azanium —— C22H18NO3+
    (6-Hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)-(4-methoxyphenyl)azanium
    —— (3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)azanium —— C23H20NO2+
    (3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)azanium
    —— (1-Carboxy-2-methylpropyl)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C24H28NO5+
    (1-Carboxy-2-methylpropyl)-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-ethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— (3-Hydroxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C22H18NO3+
    (3-Hydroxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— (4-Chlorophenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C24H21ClNO2+
    (4-Chlorophenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— [2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-hydroxyphenyl)azanium —— C23H20NO4+
    [2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-hydroxyphenyl)azanium
    —— (4-Hydroxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C22H18NO3+
    (4-Hydroxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-propylazanium —— C21H24NO2+
    [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-propylazanium
    —— 3-Hydroxypropyl-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C21H24NO3+
    3-Hydroxypropyl-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— (4-Hydroxyphenyl)-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)azanium —— C21H16NO3+
    (4-Hydroxyphenyl)-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)azanium
    —— (6-Hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)-(3-methylphenyl)azanium —— C22H18NO2+
    (6-Hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)-(3-methylphenyl)azanium
    —— 3-(dimethylaminomethylidene)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one —— C19H18FNO3
    3-(dimethylaminomethylidene)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)azanium —— C23H26NO3+
    [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)azanium
    —— 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-5-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]pentanoic acid —— C28H30O15
    3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxo-5-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]pentanoic acid
    —— 9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H22N4O2
    9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-ethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine —— C30H28N2O5S
    N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-ethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine
    —— 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-1-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione —— C20H16N2O7
    3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-1-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
    —— 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione —— C19H14N2O7
    3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione
    —— 1-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione —— C20H15NO7
    1-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione
    —— 11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15BrClFN4O
    11-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-9-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— (6-Methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C25H17ClO4
    (6-Methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate