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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Sanggenone H —— C20H18O6
    Sanggenone H
    —— methyl (2S)-1-[2-[4-(5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]ethyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate —— C25H27NO7
    methyl (2S)-1-[2-[4-(5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)phenoxy]ethyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate
    —— 5,7-Dimethoxy-2-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one;hydrochloride —— C23H26ClNO5
    5,7-Dimethoxy-2-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one;hydrochloride
    —— 2-[4-(2-Hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy)phenyl]-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one;hydrochloride —— C25H30ClNO6
    2-[4-(2-Hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy)phenyl]-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one;hydrochloride
    —— 3-[[1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H28ClFIN3O5
    3-[[1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H29ClIN3O5
    3-[[1-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-bromophenyl)oxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H29Br2N3O5
    3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-bromophenyl)oxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H28BrClIN3O4
    3-[[1-[2-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[5-Iodo-1-[2-phenyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)oxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C39H36IN3O7
    3-[[5-Iodo-1-[2-phenyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)oxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-bromophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C35H25Br2ClIN3O4
    3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-bromophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[[1-(2,6-diphenyloxan-4-yl)-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C35H27ClIN3O4
    2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[[1-(2,6-diphenyloxan-4-yl)-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H28Cl2IN3O4
    3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-[[1-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C37H33N3O6
    2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-[[1-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C35H25BrCl2IN3O4
    3-[[1-[2-(4-Bromophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[[1-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one —— C36H30ClN3O5
    2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[[1-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyloxan-4-yl]triazol-4-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C35H25Cl3IN3O4
    3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-chlorophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H28Cl2IN3O5
    3-[[1-[2,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)oxan-4-yl]-5-iodotriazol-4-yl]methoxy]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5-Amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-[4-[2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-7-yl)oxyethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid —— C36H34F2N4O7
    5-Amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-[4-[2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromen-7-yl)oxyethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 1-cyclopropyl-7-[4-[2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid —— C34H33N3O8
    1-cyclopropyl-7-[4-[2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 1-ethyl-7-[4-[2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid —— C32H32N4O8
    1-ethyl-7-[4-[2-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
    —— 5-Amino-6-fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-[4-[2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxyethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid —— C37H30F2N4O7
    5-Amino-6-fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-[4-[2-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxyethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
    —— [6-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] N,N-diethylcarbamodithioate —— C20H19BrClNO2S2
    [6-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] N,N-diethylcarbamodithioate
    —— 8-(4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)-3-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C27H23FN2O3
    8-(4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl)-3-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C21H17N3O3S
    N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide —— C23H18N2O3
    3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-4H-chromene-8-carboxamide
    —— [2-[3,4-di(hexadecanoyloxy)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate —— C54H78O13
    [2-[3,4-di(hexadecanoyloxy)-5-hydroxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— pelargonidin 3-O-(3",6"-O-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside —— C27H22O16-2
    pelargonidin 3-O-(3",6"-O-dimalonyl-beta-glucopyranoside
    —— 3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4-(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C27H24O16
    3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4-(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
    —— 3-O-(6-O-(trans-p-coumaryl)-2-O-(2-O-(trans-sinapyl)-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)-5-O-(6-O-(malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside) —— C55H57O29
    3-O-(6-O-(trans-p-coumaryl)-2-O-(2-O-(trans-sinapyl)-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)-5-O-(6-O-(malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)
    —— isorhamnetin 3-O-(4"-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside —— C31H28O14
    isorhamnetin 3-O-(4"-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
    —— isorhamnetin 3-O-(3"-O-p-coumaroyl, 6"-O-feruloyl)-glucoside —— C41H36O17
    isorhamnetin 3-O-(3"-O-p-coumaroyl, 6"-O-feruloyl)-glucoside
    —— 3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoate —— C24H21O14-
    3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoate
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[4-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxycarbonyl]phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate —— C53H58O30
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[4-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxycarbonyl]phenoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
    —— Platyconin —— C63H72O37
    Platyconin
    —— 3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid —— C45H48O27
    3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid
    —— 3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O16
    3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H21O13-
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C42H46O23
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-5-olate —— C16H11O8-
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-5-olate
    —— (2R)-4-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid —— C25H24O15
    (2R)-4-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-2-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid
    —— kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-glucoside —— C27H29O16-
    kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-glucoside
    —— cyanidin O-O-[6-O-(6-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucosyl)-2-O-beta-D-xylosyl-beta-D-galactoside] —— C42H45O23-
    cyanidin O-O-[6-O-(6-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucosyl)-2-O-beta-D-xylosyl-beta-D-galactoside]
    —— 3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoate —— C45H47O27-
    3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoate
    —— 2,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3H-chromen-5-olate —— C15H11O6-
    2,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3H-chromen-5-olate
    —— cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-(6-O-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-glucoside) —— C34H34O18
    cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-(6-O-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-glucoside)
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-5-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C36H36O18
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxo-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-5-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— Petunidin(1-) —— C16H11O7-
    Petunidin(1-)
    —— quercetin 3-O-(3"-O-p-coumaroyl, 6"-O-feruloyl)-glucoside —— C40H34O17
    quercetin 3-O-(3"-O-p-coumaroyl, 6"-O-feruloyl)-glucoside
    —— Gossypetin 3',8-dimethyl ether —— C17H13O8-
    Gossypetin 3',8-dimethyl ether
    —— 3',4',5'-Pentahydroxyflavanone —— C15H11O7-
    3',4',5'-Pentahydroxyflavanone