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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— [6-[4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C40H34O15
    [6-[4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— [4-[[4-[3,4-diacetyloxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate —— C61H64O20
    [4-[[4-[3,4-diacetyloxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7,8-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl]-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-7,8-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] acetate
    —— 2'-Prenyleriodictyol —— C20H20O6
    2'-Prenyleriodictyol
    —— Licoflavonol —— C20H20O5
    Licoflavonol
    —— 6,5'-Dihydroxy-3,5,7,2',4'-pentamethoxyflavone —— C20H20O9
    6,5'-Dihydroxy-3,5,7,2',4'-pentamethoxyflavone
    —— 5-Hydroxy-3,7-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O18
    5-Hydroxy-3,7-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-8-methyl-chroman-4-one 109248-40-0 C17H16O5
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-8-methyl-chroman-4-one
    —— 5,7,3',4',5'-Pentahydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone —— C17H14O9
    5,7,3',4',5'-Pentahydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C22H24O5
    2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C20H18O10
    5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate —— C28H30O11
    [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H18O11
    3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxolan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C25H26O15
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxolan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)chromen-4-one —— C20H18O10
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-methoxy-3-methylfuro[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C20H14O6
    2-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-methoxy-3-methylfuro[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— 8-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-7-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H28O4
    8-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-7-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 8-(4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C28H32O13
    8-(4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-8-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxychromen-4-one —— C18H16O8
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-8-hydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-10-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione —— C28H24O10
    5-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-10-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione
    —— Methyl 2-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4,13-dihydropyrano[2'',3'':5',6']chromeno[2',3':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-13-yl)acetate —— C24H16N2O9S
    Methyl 2-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4,13-dihydropyrano[2'',3'':5',6']chromeno[2',3':4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-13-yl)acetate
    —— [6-[6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 2-methylpropanoate —— C31H36O16
    [6-[6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 2-methylpropanoate
    —— [[6,11-Dihydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,8-dioxatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-1(12),3,5,9(13),10-pentaen-3-yl]-hydroxymethylidene]oxidanium —— C20H17O9+
    [[6,11-Dihydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,8-dioxatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-1(12),3,5,9(13),10-pentaen-3-yl]-hydroxymethylidene]oxidanium
    —— 5,4'-Dihydroxy-3,8,3'-trimethoxy-7-prenyloxyflavone —— C23H24O8
    5,4'-Dihydroxy-3,8,3'-trimethoxy-7-prenyloxyflavone
    —— 6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C30H26O12
    6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 8-Formyl7-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone —— C17H14O5
    8-Formyl7-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone
    —— 6,7-Dihydroxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C21H20O13
    6,7-Dihydroxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C24H24O13
    [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— [6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C29H35O17+
    [6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— 6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O13
    6-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— [6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C32H30O16
    [6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O11
    3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H20O11
    (2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-5-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Methyl 2-(2-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4,8-dioxo-4,8,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl)phenoxy)acetate —— C27H20O11
    Methyl 2-(2-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4,8-dioxo-4,8,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl)phenoxy)acetate
    —— 7-Methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C28H32O14
    7-Methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— [6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-[4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoate —— C42H49O24+
    [6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-[4-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoate
    —— methyl 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(8-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)propanoate —— C28H24O12
    methyl 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(8-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)propanoate
    —— 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one —— C29H34O18
    3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 4'',6''-Di-O-galloylprunin —— C35H30O18
    4'',6''-Di-O-galloylprunin
    —— [5-(3-Acetyloxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C33H38O16
    [5-(3-Acetyloxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-6-yl]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl)-7-hydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H28O6
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl)-7-hydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H22O13
    6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 2-(4-(2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4,8-dioxo-4,8,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid —— C27H20O12
    2-(4-(2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4,8-dioxo-4,8,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl)-2-methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid
    —— 2-((5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)acetamide —— C22H17NO5S
    2-((5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)acetamide
    —— N-[2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]pyridine-4-carboxamide —— C23H18N2O4
    N-[2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]pyridine-4-carboxamide
    —— 5,6-Dimethoxy-[2'',3'':7,8]furanoflavanone —— C19H16O5
    5,6-Dimethoxy-[2'',3'':7,8]furanoflavanone
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C37H48O15
    5-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C36H36O17
    [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— 6-methyl-2-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,6-benzodioxocin-8-yl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one —— C20H20O4
    6-methyl-2-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,6-benzodioxocin-8-yl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione —— C22H16N2O6
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxolan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxolan-2-yl]chromen-4-one