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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— [2-[[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-yl]methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C28H23NO7
    [2-[[(3S)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-3-yl]methylamino]-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— 6-hydroxydelphinidin —— C15H11O8
    6-hydroxydelphinidin
    —— 5-methoxy-2-(6-methoxy-1,2,3,9a-tetrahydro-3aH-spiro[cyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentan]-3a-yl)phenyl 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4-sulfonate —— C30H30N2O6S2
    5-methoxy-2-(6-methoxy-1,2,3,9a-tetrahydro-3aH-spiro[cyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentan]-3a-yl)phenyl 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4-sulfonate
    —— (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O9
    (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-5-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O12+
    (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O12+
    (2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (-)-cyclomorusin —— C25H22O6
    (-)-cyclomorusin
    —— (2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-[4-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl]phenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H20O11
    (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-[4-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl]phenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O11
    (2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O11
    (2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C22H23O11+
    (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2R,4R)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol —— C18H20O5
    (2R,4R)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol
    —— (2R)-2,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-3H-chromen-4-one —— C15H12O5
    (2R)-2,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-3H-chromen-4-one
    —— (2R)-7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C18H18O6
    (2R)-7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S,4R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,5-triol —— C15H14O5
    (2R,3S,4R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4,5-triol
    —— (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-[2,3-dihydroxy-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one —— C21H22O11
    (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-[2,3-dihydroxy-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-en-1-one
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C23H22O13
    [(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— [(2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate —— C22H18O10
    [(2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C21H20O12
    3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C15H14O6
    (2R,3S)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-phenylpropan-1-one —— C21H24O9
    1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-phenylpropan-1-one
    —— (2R)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C20H22O7
    (2R)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,6,7-trimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C21H20O12
    3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C22H23O12+
    (2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— [(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate —— C22H18O10
    [(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— [(1S)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C27H23NO5
    [(1S)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— [(1R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C27H23NO5
    [(1R)-2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— (2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O2
    (2S)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O2
    (2R)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O8
    2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-phenyl-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O8
    2-phenyl-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (S)-7-methoxy-2-phenylchromane —— C16H16O2
    (S)-7-methoxy-2-phenylchromane
    —— 1-[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2R,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one —— C33H40O7
    1-[2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2R,4S)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]phenyl]dodecan-1-one
    —— (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O9
    (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— N-[4-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propoxychromen-4-imine —— C29H25BrN2O3S
    N-[4-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-propoxychromen-4-imine
    —— N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine —— C29H26N2O5S
    N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-imine
    —— Methyl 2-[4-[[4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]imino]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-6-yl]oxyacetate —— C31H28N2O7S
    Methyl 2-[4-[[4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]imino]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-6-yl]oxyacetate
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(5-methyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine —— C27H24N2O3S2
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(5-methyl-4-thiophen-2-yl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-6-propan-2-yloxychromen-4-imine
    —— [(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] (3R)-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypentanoate —— C26H26O10
    [(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] (3R)-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypentanoate
    —— (2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O4
    (2R,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O4
    (2S,3R)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O4
    (2S,3S)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C17H16O4
    (2R,3S)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H20O11
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C21H20O11
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O12+
    (2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O12+
    (2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol