黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | (±)-anastatins B | —— | C21H14O7 |
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—— | liquiritigenin 7,4′-diacetate | 59121-64-1 | C19H16O6 |
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—— | 2-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one | —— | C30H34O6 |
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—— | Apigenin 7-[glucuronyl-(1->2)-glucuronide] 4'-glucuronide | —— | C33H34O23 |
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—— | butyl [(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy]acetate | 303016-67-3 | C21H20O6 |
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—— | 3,2',4',5',6-Pentamethoxyflavone | —— | C20H20O7 |
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—— | N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide | —— | C21H13ClN2O3 |
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—— | 8-methoxy-7,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone | —— | C16H12O6 |
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—— | 4-[8-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,3-diol | —— | C21H24O5 |
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—— | 1-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-[5-hydroxy-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]propan-1-one | —— | C23H28O10 |
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—— | 2-[[10-[4-[2-(2-amino-2H-pyrrol-5-ylium-5-yl)-2-hydroxyethoxy]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-4-hydroxy-3-[2-(methylamino)ethoxy]-6-oxo-2-oxa-9-oxoniabicyclo[3.3.1]nona-1(9),3,7-trien-1-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxy-3-(4H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)pentanoicacid | —— | C34H38N5O13+ |
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—— | 5,8,3',5'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone | —— | C15H12O6 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-[3-[3,4-dihydroxy-4-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O21 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-8-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C16H14O8 |
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—— | 6-[6-(2,4-Dihydroxybenzoyl)-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-2-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C40H38O11 |
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—— | [6-[8-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C38H32O17 |
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—— | 3,5,7-Tris(acetyloxy)-2-[4-(acetyloxy)-3-hydroxyphenyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | —— | C23H18O11 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-methylchromen-4-one | —— | C19H18O7 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-8-[4-hydroxy-3-(1-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7,8-dihydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one | —— | C30H34O6 |
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—— | 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C22H20O11 |
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—— | 3,6,8-Trichloro-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C15H7Cl3O6 |
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—— | 2-[3-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-4-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C32H24O10 |
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—— | glabranin diacetate | —— | C24H24O6 |
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—— | Ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C23H24O11 |
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—— | 6-amino-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 55160-75-3 | C16H13NO3 |
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—— | 3-[3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C33H40O20 |
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—— | 6-Amino-4'-chlorflavon | 36768-32-8 | C15H10ClNO2 |
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—— | [6-[7-(4-Acetyloxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate | —— | C32H36O18 |
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—— | [5-Acetyloxy-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-4-yl] acetate | —— | C33H38O17 |
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—— | [6-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]prop-2-enoate | —— | C48H58O28 |
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—— | 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-17-(methoxymethyl)-12-(4-methoxyphenyl)-15-methyl-2,4,9,13-tetraoxatetracyclo[8.7.1.03,8.014,18]octadeca-1(17),14(18),15-triene-6,7,16-triol | —— | C25H30O10 |
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—— | [6-[2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C37H38O19 |
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—— | 6-[3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O15 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C19H18O8 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-methyl-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-3-oxopropanoic acid | —— | C38H49O24+ |
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—— | 3-methoxy-7-hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavone | 858258-48-7 | C17H12O6 |
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—— | 4-Hydroxy-2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1-benzofuran-3-one | —— | C21H20O9 |
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—— | 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-6-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C28H30O15 |
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—— | [2-[[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]methyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] hydrogen sulfate | —— | C22H22O13S |
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—— | 5-acetyl-7-[5-carboxy-3-[(8,9-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-3-yl)methyl]-6,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl]-2,3-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxoxanthene-1-carboxylic acid | —— | C41H26O18 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C24H26O11 |
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—— | Kanzakiflavon-1 | 59870-76-7 | C17H12O7 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one | —— | C23H24O11 |
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—— | 2-[[6-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C33H43O19+ |
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—— | 2-(3-cyclohexyloxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-11-methoxy-5-(4-methylnonyl)-9-(2-methylpropyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-naphtho[2,1-f]chromene-3,8-diol | —— | C44H60O6 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-7-[(3-hydroxy-5-oxo-3,3a,6,6a-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-b]furan-2-yl)-phenylmethoxy]-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H24O8 |
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—— | 5-[7-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,11-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,8-dioxatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-1(13),9,11-triene-4-carbonyl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid | —— | C31H28O13 |
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—— | [7,8-Dimethoxy-4-oxo-2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-5-yl] acetate | —— | C22H22O9 |
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—— | 6-Chloro-2-(2-methylphenyl)chromen-4-one | 88952-76-5 | C16H11ClO2 |
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