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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O3
    9-(4-bromophenyl)-11-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C26H26NO2+
    (3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— (2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C26H26NO4+
    (2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-[6-ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate —— C30H25NO6
    [2-(4-Tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)propanoate
    —— 9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16Cl2N4O
    9-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C24H15ClF2N4O
    4-chloro-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-[6-bromo-2-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(4-methylphenyl)acetamide —— C32H25BrFNO6
    2-[6-bromo-2-[4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-N-(4-methylphenyl)acetamide
    —— 2-[5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate —— C20H17O5-
    2-[5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyacetate
    —— [5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-3-carboxylate —— C27H22O6
    [5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-3-carboxylate
    —— [5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-oxo-1-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate —— C29H25NO5
    [5,7-Dimethyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 5-oxo-1-phenylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylate
    —— N-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-4-yl]hydroxylamine —— C18H17NO5
    N-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-4-yl]hydroxylamine
    —— 3-Methyl-2-phenyl-8-[4-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]chromen-4-one —— C30H28N2O3
    3-Methyl-2-phenyl-8-[4-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid —— C21H20O7
    2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoic acid
    —— Cyclohexyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C27H30O7
    Cyclohexyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C21H19O7-
    2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C22H22O7
    Methyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Benzyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C28H26O7
    Benzyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— Ethyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C23H24O7
    Ethyl 2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— (3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium —— C26H26NO4+
    (3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylchromen-4-ylidene]azanium
    —— [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)azanium —— C26H24NO4+
    [6-Ethyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)azanium
    —— 6-Bromo-7-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C16H13BrO2
    6-Bromo-7-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-3-(1-oxo-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one —— C28H26O6
    2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-3-(1-oxo-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one
    —— (+/-)-6,7-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-7,12-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine —— C24H16Cl2N4O
    (+/-)-6,7-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-7,12-dihydro-6H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
    —— 9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18F2N4OS
    9-(2-fluorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (8S)-5-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one —— C25H28O5
    (8S)-5-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one
    —— 6-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-3H-chromen-4-one —— C25H26O7
    6-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-3H-chromen-4-one
    —— 6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C32H38O19
    6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— [3-acetyloxy-2-(5,7-diacetyloxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl] acetate —— C23H22O9
    [3-acetyloxy-2-(5,7-diacetyloxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl] acetate
    —— [6-Chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(2-methoxyethyl)azanium —— C19H19ClNO3+
    [6-Chloro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(2-methoxyethyl)azanium
    —— [2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)azanium —— C21H22NO4+
    [2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-ylidene]-(oxolan-2-ylmethyl)azanium
    —— Epimedin A1 —— C39H50O20
    Epimedin A1
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C34H42O14
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-7-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]oxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxoheptoxy]chromen-4-one —— C22H22O10
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-oxoheptoxy]chromen-4-one
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-,(2S)- —— C15H14O5
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-,(2S)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-,(2S)- —— C18H20O5
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-,(2S)-
    —— 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-,(2S)- —— C16H16O5
    4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-,(2S)-
    —— 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C16H9Br2NO5
    2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide —— C21H18N2O3S
    N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide
    —— methyl 4-(11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)benzoate —— C25H19N5O3
    methyl 4-(11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)benzoate
    —— [4-(5-hexoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-hydroxy-oxophosphanium —— C23H26O9P+
    [4-(5-hexoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-hydroxy-oxophosphanium
    —— 5-(5-hexoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-[hydroxy(oxo)phosphaniumyl]oxyphenolate —— C23H25O9P
    5-(5-hexoxy-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-2-[hydroxy(oxo)phosphaniumyl]oxyphenolate
    —— 5-methoxy-2-(6-methoxy-1,2,3,9a-tetrahydro-3aH-spiro[cyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentan]-3a-yl)phenyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate —— C31H34O6S
    5-methoxy-2-(6-methoxy-1,2,3,9a-tetrahydro-3aH-spiro[cyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentan]-3a-yl)phenyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
    —— [(2R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate —— C59H68O7
    [(2R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate
    —— [(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate —— C31H44O7
    [(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate
    —— (2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-heptoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol —— C22H28O6
    (2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-heptoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol
    —— (2R)-3-butoxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol —— C19H22O6
    (2R)-3-butoxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-5,7-diol
    —— (2R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3-heptoxy-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C50H52O6
    (2R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-3-heptoxy-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— methyl 4-[11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate —— C27H22N4O4
    methyl 4-[11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaen-9-yl]benzoate
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one —— C25H28O6
    5,7-dihydroxy-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-10-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-g]chromen-6-one
    —— 6-(2-benzofuran-1-yl)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)benzo[h]chromen-4-one —— C27H15FO3
    6-(2-benzofuran-1-yl)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)benzo[h]chromen-4-one