黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | [6-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C30H26O12 |
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—— | 8-[6-[2,4-Dihydroxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzoyl]-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one | —— | C50H52O11 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(5-methyl-1-oxo-1-(piperidin-1-yl)hexan-3-yl)-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C27H31NO5 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,5,7-triol | —— | C21H24O11 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one | —— | C21H22O5 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C25H28O6 |
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—— | Sudachiin A | 70575-17-6 | C24H26O13 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C20H20O7 |
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—— | [2-Acetyloxy-2-methyl-1-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-8,9-dihydrofuro[2,3-h]chromen-9-yl)propyl] acetate | —— | C25H24O7 |
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—— | 5,6-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C18H16O8 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | N-[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]-2-methylbenzamide | —— | C27H25NO3 |
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—— | 3-(5-Cyclopentyloxy-2,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-22-methoxy-11-methyl-2-oxa-7,8-dithiapentacyclo[12.9.3.05,24.015,20.021,25]hexacosa-1(23),15(20),16,18,21,24-hexaene-4,17-diol | —— | C37H44O8S2 |
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—— | [2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-6-yl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl] acetate | —— | C31H36O15 |
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—— | Gnaphaliin 7-epoxymethylbutyl ether | —— | C22H22O7 |
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—— | 19-[5-Ethyl-15-hydroxy-14-(2-methylpropyl)-8,9-dithia-3-azatetracyclo[16.3.1.02,7.011,16]docosa-1(21),11,13,15,18(22),19-hexaen-12-yl]-15,20,26,33-tetrahydroxy-10-(2-hydroxyethyl)-18,24-dioxa-30,31-dithiaoctacyclo[23.8.1.13,7.02,13.04,32.014,23.017,22.011,35]pentatriaconta-2(13),3,5,7(35),11,14(23),15,17(22),19-nonaen-21-one | —— | C58H63NO9S4 |
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—— | 3,5-Dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O11 |
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—— | 2-[4-(3,6-Dimethylhept-2-enoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C26H32O6 |
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—— | 5-Methoxy-10-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione | —— | C26H20O6 |
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—— | [6-[[3,5-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C28H32O12 |
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—— | 5-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-7-yl dimethylcarbamate | —— | C25H20FNO5 |
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—— | 6-[2-Carboxy-6-[6-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C44H44O27 |
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—— | 8-(4,8-Dihydrophenaleno[2,1-b]pyrrol-4-ylmethyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C32H23NO6 |
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—— | Ermanin 7-glucoside | —— | C23H24O11 |
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—— | 13-[2,4-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(3-methylbutoxy)phenyl]-9-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-26-(hydroxymethyl)-12-oxa-17,18-dithiahexacyclo[13.10.3.119,23.02,7.08,27.011,28]nonacosa-2(7),3,5,8,10,27-hexaene-4,14-diol | —— | C41H52O10S2 |
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—— | rhamnetin 3-monosulphate | —— | C16H12O10S |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O12 |
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—— | 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-amine | 923693-49-6 | C15H10FNO2 |
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—— | methyl 3-(2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)propanoate | —— | C24H19NO9 |
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—— | [5-[4,5-dihydroxy-3-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C51H54O25 |
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—— | Disodium;[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-3-sulfonatooxychromen-7-yl] sulfate | —— | C16H10Na2O13S2 |
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—— | 12-[(cyclopentylamino)methoxy]-11-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-18-(2H-indol-5-yl)-19-(methylaminomethyl)-4,10-dioxahexacyclo[15.7.1.02,15.03,8.09,14.021,25]pentacosa-1(25),2,8,14,19,21,23-heptaen-22-ol | —— | C47H51N3O7 |
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—— | 5-(2-Carboxyacetyl)oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C25H22O15 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C32H38O14 |
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—— | 7-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C30H36O5 |
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—— | [3-Acetyloxy-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-6-hydroperoxy-5-hydroxyoxan-4-yl] acetate | —— | C26H26O16 |
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—— | [6-[2-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C29H32O18 |
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—— | 4-bromo-N-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl]benzamide | —— | C22H13BrFNO3 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O11 |
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—— | [2-[5,8-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C32H30O15 |
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—— | [6-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C48H56O27 |
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—— | 6-(4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O9 |
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—— | 2-(2,3-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one | 103393-12-0 | C18H16O6 |
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—— | 3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O16 |
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—— | 3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 34157-80-7 | C21H20O11 |
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—— | 2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-5-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C21H24O10 |
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—— | [6-[5-Acetyloxy-2-[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C37H44O17 |
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—— | 6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-8-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-4-sulfooxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O16S |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-6-C-prenyl-7,3',4',5'-tetramethyoxyflavanon | 74324-12-2 | C24H28O7 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 63764-79-4 | C28H32O16 |
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