黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 9-phenyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H17N5O |
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—— | 9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23FN4O3 |
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—— | 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-9-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C30H30N4O3 |
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—— | Diethyl-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-7-ylidene]azanium | —— | C20H22NO2+ |
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—— | 2-{3-[(3,5-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]-4-methoxyphenyl}-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C22H21N3O5 |
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—— | (4-Oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl) 4-bromobenzenesulfonate | —— | C21H15BrO5S |
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—— | 11-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19ClN4OS |
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—— | 9-(3-bromophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H16BrN5O |
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—— | 2-{3-[(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)methyl]-4-methoxyphenyl}-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C23H18Cl2O4 |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H17ClN4O |
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—— | 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H19N5O2 |
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—— | 9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H16ClN5O |
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—— | 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromene | —— | C22H17FO2 |
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—— | 9-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C24H18FN5O |
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—— | 8-(6-chloro-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-4H-1,3-benzodioxine-6-carboxylate | —— | C18H10ClO6- |
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—— | 9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H21N5O3 |
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—— | 14-methylsulfanyl-9-phenyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H18N4OS2 |
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—— | 9-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23FN4OS |
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—— | [[2-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-6-fluoro-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea | —— | C19H18FN3O3S |
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—— | 4-methyl-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H21N5OS |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18ClFN4OS |
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—— | 7-Methoxy-2,4-diphenylchromenylium | —— | C22H17O2+ |
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—— | methyl 4-(4-methyl-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)benzoate | —— | C26H21N5O3 |
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—— | 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H15BrClN5O |
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—— | 9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H19ClN4O2 |
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—— | [4-(4-Chlorobutyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-7-ylidene]-diethylazanium | —— | C24H29ClNO2+ |
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—— | 9-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H22N4O3S2 |
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—— | [[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-7-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]thiourea | —— | C19H19N3O3S |
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—— | 4-(4-Chlorobutyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)chromenylium | —— | C20H20ClO+ |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C22H15ClN4OS |
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—— | 6-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.02,7.012,16]hexadeca-1,7,9(16),12,14-pentaen-11-one | —— | C32H21ClO3 |
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—— | 11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H24N4O3 |
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—— | 9-(2-chlorophenyl)-11-(2-fluorophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H18ClFN4OS |
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—— | 9-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21FN4O3 |
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—— | 9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C28H26N4O5 |
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—— | 9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H24N4O3 |
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—— | 11-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-fluoro-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H17Cl2FN4O2 |
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—— | 9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21FN4O3 |
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—— | 9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23FN4O3 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4O3 |
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—— | 9-(4-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C26H21ClN4OS |
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—— | 9-(3-bromophenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H17BrN4OS2 |
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—— | 9-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-chloro-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C22H13BrClFN4OS |
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—— | [4-Oxo-2-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl] methanesulfonate | —— | C19H20O5S |
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—— | 9-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C25H21N5O2 |
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—— | 4-chloro-9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C27H23ClN4OS |
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—— | (4-Oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl)azanium | —— | C15H14NO2+ |
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—— | 4-chloro-9-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-11-pyridin-3-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C23H14Cl3N5O |
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—— | 9-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene | —— | C28H26N4O4 |
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—— | 11-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene | —— | C28H26N4O4 |
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