黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | Butyl 6-[[2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C25H28O12 |
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—— | [4-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylcyclohexyl] acetate | —— | C31H36O9 |
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—— | 4-[7-hydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzene-1,3-diol | —— | C20H22O4 |
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—— | 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-7-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C37H38O17 |
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—— | Myricetin 3'-glucoside | 520-14-9 | C21H20O13 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-6,8-dimethyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | —— | C18H16O6 |
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—— | 6,8-dichloro-2-(2-chloro-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene | —— | C20H21Cl3O6 |
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—— | 7-[3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O13 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | 2'-hydroxy-α-naphthoflavone | 125574-17-6 | C19H12O3 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-(5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C25H28O7 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-6'',6''-dimethylpyrano<3'',2'':6,7>flavone | 34187-26-3 | C20H16O4 |
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—— | 5-[[6-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxopentanoic acid | —— | C27H28O16 |
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—— | 4-(5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-8-yl)-2-methylbut-2-enal | —— | C20H18O5 |
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—— | [2-[2-[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] acetate | —— | C35H42O22 |
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—— | N-(2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide | —— | C19H14ClNO3 |
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—— | Exiguaflavanone F | —— | C26H30O6 |
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—— | Methyl 6-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-8-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C22H20O11 |
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—— | 2-[4-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C31H38O12 |
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—— | [6-acetyloxy-7-[[3-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]oxy]-5,19-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-9,15-dimethoxy-4,12,18-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.017,21]henicosa-2,8,10,13(21),14,16-hexaen-20-yl] acetate | —— | C61H62O21 |
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—— | 5,8-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O10 |
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—— | 7-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C26H28O15 |
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—— | 7-(N-p-tosyl-6-aminohexanoyloxy)-5-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one | 299953-40-5 | C28H27NO7S |
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—— | [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-3-yl]oxy-6-methyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | —— | C63H72O34 |
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—— | 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxychromen-4-one | —— | C34H42O20 |
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—— | 6'-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-[(5-ethyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3',4',5',9,10,11-hexahydroxy-3-oxospiro[2,12-dioxabicyclo[6.3.1]dodec-6-yne-4,2'-oxane]-8-carboxylic acid | —— | C37H35NO18 |
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—— | 10-decyl-5-hydroxy-5'-methyl-2-[4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]spiro[10H-pyrano[2,3-f][1,2]benzodioxine-9,3'-oxolane]-2',4,4'-trione | —— | C37H44O14 |
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—— | 2,3,8,9,10,11-hexamethoxy-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one | —— | C22H22O9 |
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—— | 5-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6,12-dioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]docosa-1,7,13,15(20),16,18-hexaene-4,18-diol | —— | C27H26O6 |
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—— | 4-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-23-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-27-(hydroxymethyl)-12-methyl-28-oxa-8,9-dithiaheptacyclo[13.10.2.27,13.14,25.02,7.016,21.022,26]triaconta-1(26),16(21),17,19,22,24-hexaene-3,18-diol | —— | C39H46O10S2 |
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—— | 3,5,6-Trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C22H22O12 |
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—— | (5-Hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl) 3-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]butanoate | —— | C27H25NO7S |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C25H28O6 |
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—— | 3,4,8,10-tetrahydroxy-9-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5H-isochromeno[4,3-b]chromen-7-one | —— | C21H18O7 |
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—— | 6-methoxy-2-phenyl-8-(3-phenylprop-2-enyl)-2H-chromene | —— | C25H22O2 |
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—— | 5-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-11-(hydroxymethyl)-21-(1H-indol-5-ylmethyl)-6,12-dioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,7.08,13.015,20]docosa-1,7,13,15(20),16,18-hexaene-4,18-diol | —— | C38H37NO8 |
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—— | 3,5-Dihydroxy-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-[4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one | —— | C27H30O14 |
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—— | 2-(2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C17H16O8 |
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—— | 5-Hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-10-(7-oxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-g]quinolin-8-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione | —— | C30H21NO10 |
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—— | 5,8,4'-Trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-6-methylflavone | —— | C18H16O7 |
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—— | [2-[[2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] 3-phenylprop-2-enoate | —— | C30H28O12 |
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—— | [3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-11-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,8-dioxatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-1(12),3,5,9(13),10-pentaen-4-yl]-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxidanium | —— | C35H37O16+ |
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—— | 6,8-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C15H6Cl4O2 |
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—— | 2-[2-[[5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C27H33O15+ |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,7-diol | —— | C30H26O10 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C15H12O8 |
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—— | 3-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethoxychromen-4-one | —— | C35H44O23 |
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—— | N-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-6-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide | —— | C22H21NO3 |
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—— | daphnodorin L | —— | C23H18O7 |
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