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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S)-6-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O2
    (2S)-6-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene —— C19H16O
    (S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene
    —— 4-[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]aniline —— C15H15NO
    4-[(2S)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]aniline
    —— (2R)-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O2
    (2R)-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O2
    (2S)-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(3-methylphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O
    (2R)-2-(3-methylphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C16H16O
    (2R)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-6-ethyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C17H18O
    (2S)-6-ethyl-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5R,6S)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O14
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5R,6S)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5R,6R)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O14
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5R,6R)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5S,6R)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O14
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5S,6R)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5S,6S)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C22H22O14
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,5S,6S)-3,3,4,4,5-pentahydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3S)-2-[(2S)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C28H21NO8
    (2R,3S)-2-[(2S)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H21O11+
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,4S)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O3
    (2S,4S)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol —— C20H24O6
    (2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol
    —— (2R,4R)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O3
    (2R,4R)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2S,4S)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O2
    (2S,4S)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2R,4S)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O3
    (2R,4S)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol —— C20H24O6
    (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol
    —— (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol —— C20H24O6
    (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-2,3,4,4-tetramethylchromene-5,7-diol
    —— (2R,4R)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O2
    (2R,4R)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2S,4R)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O3
    (2S,4R)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— (2R,3S,4R)-4-benzylsulfanyl-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol —— C22H20O7S
    (2R,3S,4R)-4-benzylsulfanyl-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— (2S,4R)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol —— C22H20O2
    (2S,4R)-4-(2-methylphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ol
    —— N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]phthalazin-1-amine —— C23H18N4O
    N-[(Z)-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]phthalazin-1-amine
    —— N-[(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]phthalazin-1-amine —— C23H18N4O
    N-[(Z)-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]amino]phthalazin-1-amine
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O11
    (2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C22H20O11
    (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-[(2S)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide —— C27H23N5O4S
    4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-[(2S)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide
    —— 4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-[(2R)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide —— C27H23N5O4S
    4-methyl-2-[(2Z)-2-[(2R)-6-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene]hydrazinyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O13
    7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C28H32O16
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one —— C26H28O16
    3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C28H34O15
    (2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one —— C26H28O16
    3-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-7-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5-hydroxy-7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O13
    7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-[4-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C26H28O14
    7-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one