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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C26H28O16
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-8-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
    —— 8-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C30H20O10
    8-[(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3,4,6-trihydroxy-8-[(2R,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]-1-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)benzo[7]annulen-5-one —— C29H24O12
    3,4,6-trihydroxy-8-[(2R,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]-1-(3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)benzo[7]annulen-5-one
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol —— C26H29O15+
    (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol;chloride —— C26H29ClO15
    (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol;chloride
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S,4R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S,4R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2-[4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— Peonidin 3-rutinoside —— C28H33O15+
    Peonidin 3-rutinoside
    —— (2R,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C31H24O10
    (2R,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 6,7-difluoro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromene —— C16H12F2O2
    6,7-difluoro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethyl-2H-chromene —— C18H18O2
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethyl-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(3-nitrophenyl)-2H-chromene —— C15H11NO3
    2-(3-nitrophenyl)-2H-chromene
    —— 2'-Amino-2-(2-bromophenyl)-3'-(cyclohexylmethyl)spiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one —— C24H26BrN3O2
    2'-Amino-2-(2-bromophenyl)-3'-(cyclohexylmethyl)spiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2E,6E)-11-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6-dienyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C30H38O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2E,6E)-11-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6-dienyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-[3-Amino-2-methyl-2'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]spiro[1,2,4-oxadiazole-5,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile —— C25H19F3N4O3
    2-[3-Amino-2-methyl-2'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]spiro[1,2,4-oxadiazole-5,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]benzonitrile
    —— 2-[3,4-dihydroxy-2-[(E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl]phenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C30H40O8
    2-[3,4-dihydroxy-2-[(E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl]phenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C25H30O6
    5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— N-(2-benzylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide —— C30H23NO3
    N-(2-benzylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxamide
    —— 6-Fluoro-2-(4-methoxy-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C17H12FNO5
    6-Fluoro-2-(4-methoxy-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— 6-Fluoro-3-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C17H10F4O2
    6-Fluoro-3-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 6-Bromo-2-(4-bromophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C16H10Br2O2
    6-Bromo-2-(4-bromophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— 6-Bromo-2-(4-methoxy-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C17H12BrNO5
    6-Bromo-2-(4-methoxy-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one —— C23H15F3O2
    (2S,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one
    —— 4-(6-Fluoro-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)benzonitrile —— C17H10FNO2
    4-(6-Fluoro-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)benzonitrile
    —— 4-(6-Bromo-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)benzonitrile —— C17H10BrNO2
    4-(6-Bromo-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)benzonitrile
    —— (2R,3Z)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one —— C23H15F3O2
    (2R,3Z)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one
    —— (2S,3Z)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one —— C23H15F3O2
    (2S,3Z)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one
    —— (2R,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one —— C23H15F3O2
    (2R,3E)-2-phenyl-3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methylidene]chromen-4-one
    —— 6-Bromo-3-methyl-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C17H10BrF3O2
    6-Bromo-3-methyl-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— [2-(2-Methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate —— C23H23NO5
    [2-(2-Methylpropylamino)-2-oxoethyl] 3-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-carboxylate
    —— N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]cyclopropanecarbohydrazide —— C19H18N2O2
    N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]cyclopropanecarbohydrazide
    —— N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]cyclopropanecarbohydrazide —— C19H18N2O2
    N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]cyclopropanecarbohydrazide
    —— 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-[[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]amino]thiourea —— C19H21N3O2S
    1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-[[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]amino]thiourea
    —— 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-[[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]amino]thiourea —— C19H21N3O2S
    1-(2-methoxyethyl)-3-[[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]amino]thiourea
    —— 2,4-dimethyl-N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzohydrazide —— C24H22N2O2
    2,4-dimethyl-N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzohydrazide
    —— 2,4-dimethyl-N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzohydrazide —— C24H22N2O2
    2,4-dimethyl-N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]benzohydrazide
    —— 1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-(18F)fluoranylphenyl)propan-1-one —— C21H23FO9
    1-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-(4-(18F)fluoranylphenyl)propan-1-one
    —— 2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetohydrazide —— C24H19N3O3
    2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N'-[(2S)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetohydrazide
    —— 2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetohydrazide —— C24H19N3O3
    2-(4-cyanophenoxy)-N'-[(2R)-2-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl]acetohydrazide
    —— 6-Bromo-2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C16H9BrClNO4
    6-Bromo-2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— 6,8-Dichloro-2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C16H8Cl3NO4
    6,8-Dichloro-2-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— 6-Bromo-3-methyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C16H10BrNO4
    6-Bromo-3-methyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 4-(6,8-dichloro-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide —— C18H15Cl2NO4S
    4-(6,8-dichloro-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide
    —— 2-(4-Chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-6-fluoro-3-methylchromen-4-one —— C16H9ClFNO4
    2-(4-Chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-6-fluoro-3-methylchromen-4-one
    —— 6,8-Dichloro-3-methyl-2-(4-nitro-phenyl)-chromen-4-one —— C16H9Cl2NO4
    6,8-Dichloro-3-methyl-2-(4-nitro-phenyl)-chromen-4-one
    —— Methyl 3-(6-bromo-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-5-nitrobenzoate —— C18H12BrNO6
    Methyl 3-(6-bromo-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-5-nitrobenzoate
    —— 6-Fluoro-3-methyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one —— C16H10FNO4
    6-Fluoro-3-methyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— Methyl 11-methyl-8-[2-[4-[4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexanecarbonyl]oxyphenyl]benzoyl]oxy-3,3-diphenylnaphtho[1,2-h]chromene-12-carboxylate —— C63H62O7
    Methyl 11-methyl-8-[2-[4-[4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexanecarbonyl]oxyphenyl]benzoyl]oxy-3,3-diphenylnaphtho[1,2-h]chromene-12-carboxylate
    —— 8-(4-benzylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)-3-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C28H26N2O3
    8-(4-benzylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)-3-methyl-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— Methyl 9-(dimethylamino)-2-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)-8-[5-[4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexanecarbonyl]oxy-2-phenylbenzoyl]oxy-2-phenylbenzo[h]chromene-5-carboxylate —— C64H70N2O8
    Methyl 9-(dimethylamino)-2-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)-8-[5-[4-(4-pentylcyclohexyl)cyclohexanecarbonyl]oxy-2-phenylbenzoyl]oxy-2-phenylbenzo[h]chromene-5-carboxylate