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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2'S,6S)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'S,6S)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6S)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'R,6S)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6R)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'R,6R)-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-phenylacetate —— C24H18O5
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 2-phenylacetate
    —— 2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one —— C21H20O8
    2-phenyl-7-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (9R,11R)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H17BrN4O
    (9R,11R)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9R,11S)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H17BrN4O
    (9R,11S)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9S,11S)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H17BrN4O
    (9S,11S)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (9S,11R)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H17BrN4O
    (9S,11R)-11-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-[(3aS,9aS)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C24H28O4
    4-[(3aS,9aS)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aR,9aS)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C24H28O4
    4-[(3aR,9aS)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aR,9aR)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C24H28O4
    4-[(3aR,9aR)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aS,9aR)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C22H24O4
    4-[(3aS,9aR)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aR,9aR)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C22H24O4
    4-[(3aR,9aR)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aS,9aR)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol —— C24H28O4
    4-[(3aS,9aR)-6-hydroxy-5-methylspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
    —— 4-[(3aS,9aS)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol —— C22H24O4
    4-[(3aS,9aS)-6-hydroxyspiro[1,2,3,9a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]chromene-9,1'-cyclopentane]-3a-yl]benzene-1,3-diol
    —— (2R)-6-bromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H18BrNO6
    (2R)-6-bromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C16H9Br2NO5
    (2S)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-6-bromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H18BrNO6
    (2S)-6-bromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-6,8-dibromo-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C17H13Br2NO5
    (2R)-6,8-dibromo-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-6-bromo-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C20H20BrNO6
    (2S)-6-bromo-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-6-bromo-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C20H20BrNO6
    (2R)-6-bromo-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— 6,8-dibromo-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C17H13Br2NO5
    6,8-dibromo-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (3S)-3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C23H21NO5
    (3S)-3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C16H9Br2NO5
    (2R)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6,8-dibromo-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (3R)-3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene —— C23H21NO5
    (3R)-3-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-2-nitro-3H-benzo[f]chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C20H21NO6
    (2R)-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2R)-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H19NO6
    (2R)-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C19H19NO6
    (2S)-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (2S)-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C20H21NO6
    (2S)-2-(3,4-diethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxy-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— (3aS,4S,9bR)-2-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole —— C18H18N2O4
    (3aS,4S,9bR)-2-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3a-nitro-4,9b-dihydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-d][1,2]oxazole
    —— (2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H20Cl2N2O2S
    (2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H20Cl2N2O2S
    (2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H20Cl2N2O2S
    (2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H20Cl2N2O2S
    (2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-2'-(2-chlorophenyl)-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— (2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione —— C20H21ClN2O2S
    (2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-7'-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-2-thione
    —— [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-nitrobenzoate —— C23H15NO7
    [2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] 4-nitrobenzoate
    —— (6R,6aS,12aS)-6-phenyl-6,6a,7,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[3,2-c]chromene —— C22H18O2
    (6R,6aS,12aS)-6-phenyl-6,6a,7,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[3,2-c]chromene
    —— 6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one —— C18H15ClO3
    6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 8-(6,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-4H-1,3-benzodioxine-7-carboxylate —— C24H19NO8
    (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 8-(6,7-dimethyl-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-4H-1,3-benzodioxine-7-carboxylate
    —— (2'S,4S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C21H24N2O2S
    (2'S,4S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol
    —— [(2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate —— C22H23ClN2O3S
    [(2'S,6R)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate
    —— [(2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate —— C22H23ClN2O3S
    [(2'S,6S)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate
    —— (2'R,4S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C21H24N2O2S
    (2'R,4S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol
    —— [(2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate —— C22H23ClN2O3S
    [(2'R,6S)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate
    —— [(2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate —— C22H23ClN2O3S
    [(2'R,6R)-6'-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2'-phenyl-2-sulfanylidenespiro[1,3-diazinane-6,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-yl] acetate
    —— (2'S,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol —— C21H24N2O2S
    (2'S,4R)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylsulfanyl-2'-phenylspiro[1,5-dihydropyrimidine-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-7'-ol