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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— methyl 4-(4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)benzoate —— C27H22N4O3
    methyl 4-(4-methyl-11-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaen-9-yl)benzoate
    —— 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O10
    5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 4-[5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-1-methyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)oxypiperidin-4-yl]-4-oxochromen-2-yl]benzoic acid —— C24H20F3NO8
    4-[5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-1-methyl-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)oxypiperidin-4-yl]-4-oxochromen-2-yl]benzoic acid
    —— 6,8-dibromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene —— C18H15Br2NO5
    6,8-dibromo-2-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-nitro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(4-fluoroanilino)-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]acetamide —— C23H20FN3O2
    2-(4-fluoroanilino)-N-[(2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-ylidene)amino]acetamide
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-ethenyl-3,4-dihydrochromene-3,5,7-triol —— C17H16O6
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-ethenyl-3,4-dihydrochromene-3,5,7-triol
    —— 3',4',7-O-trimethylpropolin G —— C33H42O6
    3',4',7-O-trimethylpropolin G
    —— 5-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]-2-fluorobenzonitrile —— C25H19FN4O2
    5-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]-2-fluorobenzonitrile
    —— 6-(5,8-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate —— C21H17O11-
    6-(5,8-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate
    —— 5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-7-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one —— C23H18O5
    5-Hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-7-phenylmethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H20N4O2S2
    9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-14-methylsulfanyl-11-thiophen-2-yl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-((2-(3-(((3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid —— C27H26O18
    (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-((2-(3-(((3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 6-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxychromen-7-one —— C27H30O16
    6-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxychromen-7-one
    —— 3-Hydroxy-5-(12-hydroxydodecyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C28H36O6
    3-Hydroxy-5-(12-hydroxydodecyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 7-(Dihydroxymethyl)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C17H14O6
    7-(Dihydroxymethyl)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C24H16ClFN4O
    9-(3-chlorophenyl)-11-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 4-[[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxydiazenyl]-N-(3-trimethylsilylpropyl)benzamide —— C28H29N3O8Si
    4-[[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxydiazenyl]-N-(3-trimethylsilylpropyl)benzamide
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-4H-chromen-3-one —— C16H14O7
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-4H-chromen-3-one
    —— (2S)-7-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O6
    (2S)-7-hydroxy-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 3-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one —— C19H18O5
    3-Hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— (7-Hydroxy-6-octadecanoyl-3-octadecanoyloxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl) octadecanoate —— C69H112O8
    (7-Hydroxy-6-octadecanoyl-3-octadecanoyloxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl) octadecanoate
    —— 9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H18BrClN4O
    9-(3-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-phenyl-7-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]peroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22O9
    2-phenyl-7-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]peroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H22N4O
    9,11-bis(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 3-(12-Hydroxydodecyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one —— C30H40O7
    3-(12-Hydroxydodecyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxychromen-4-one
    —— 4-chloro-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4O2
    4-chloro-9-(2-methoxyphenyl)-11-(4-methylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-[5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenoxy]propanoic acid —— C29H36O6
    2-[5-methoxy-2-(6'-methoxy-1',3',4',9a'-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthen]-4a'(2'H)-yl)phenoxy]propanoic acid
    —— 3-methyl-8-phenyl-2-propan-2-yl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[2,3-e]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid —— C21H22N2O3
    3-methyl-8-phenyl-2-propan-2-yl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrano[2,3-e]benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid
    —— Ethyl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate —— C20H17ClO5
    Ethyl 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropanoate
    —— [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate —— C21H18O13
    [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate
    —— (2S,4S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol —— C20H15ClN2O5
    (2S,4S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol
    —— N-(4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide —— C21H15NO4S
    N-(4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide
    —— 4-chloro-11-thiophen-2-yl-9-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H21ClN4O4S
    4-chloro-11-thiophen-2-yl-9-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methoxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyacetic acid —— C22H22O9
    2-[2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-5-methoxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyacetic acid
    —— 4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21ClN4OS
    4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C26H21BrN4O2S
    11-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)-9-(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene
    —— 2-imidazol-1-yl-2-phenyl-3H-chromen-4-one —— C18H14N2O2
    2-imidazol-1-yl-2-phenyl-3H-chromen-4-one
    —— 5-Hydroxy-3-(12-hydroxydodecyl)-7-methoxy-2-(2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C28H36O8
    5-Hydroxy-3-(12-hydroxydodecyl)-7-methoxy-2-(2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— Methyl 2-cyano-2-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)acetate —— C19H13NO4
    Methyl 2-cyano-2-(6-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-ylidene)acetate
    —— [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,4-tetra(hexadecanoyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate —— C95H164O11
    [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,4-tetra(hexadecanoyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-3-yl] hexadecanoate
    —— 4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene —— C25H19ClN4O
    4-chloro-11-(4-methylphenyl)-9-phenyl-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2(7),3,5,14,16-hexaene
    —— 6-Bromo-3'-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-2'-(3-methylbutylsulfanyl)-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one —— C27H31BrN2O2S
    6-Bromo-3'-(2-cyclopropylethyl)-2'-(3-methylbutylsulfanyl)-2-phenylspiro[2,3-dihydrochromene-4,5'-imidazole]-4'-one
    —— 10-(2-Aminophenyl)-16-methyl-6-propyl-3,9,15-trioxatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,7.08,13]octadeca-1,5,7,11,13,16-hexaene-4,18-dione —— C25H21NO5
    10-(2-Aminophenyl)-16-methyl-6-propyl-3,9,15-trioxatetracyclo[12.4.0.02,7.08,13]octadeca-1,5,7,11,13,16-hexaene-4,18-dione
    —— 7-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[h]chromen-4-one —— C22H18O6
    7-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[h]chromen-4-one
    —— 9-Hydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-8-one —— C17H12O7
    9-Hydroxy-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromen-8-one
    —— 5-Methoxy-2-phenylchromenylium-6,7-diol —— C16H13O4+
    5-Methoxy-2-phenylchromenylium-6,7-diol
    —— 1-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,4-dihydrochromen-3-yl]octan-1-one —— C23H28O7
    1-[(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,4-dihydrochromen-3-yl]octan-1-one
    —— 4-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene —— C19H22O3
    4-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene
    —— 2-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-one —— C15H12O6
    2-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-one
    —— 11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene —— C27H23FN4O4
    11-(2-fluorophenyl)-9-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(10),2,4,6,14,16-hexaene