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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chroman-8-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C36H32O15
    (2S,3R)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chroman-8-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 6-Jod-flavonol 1222-13-5 C15H9IO3
    6-Jod-flavonol
    —— (2S,3R)-3-[(2S)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C36H34O10
    (2S,3R)-3-[(2S)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-8-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 8-Iod-4'-methoxy-flavonol 1230-12-2 C16H11IO4
    8-Iod-4'-methoxy-flavonol
    —— 3-Bromo-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C20H19BrO7
    3-Bromo-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-3-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H32O10
    8-[(2S,3R)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-3-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[5,7-Dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C36H30O10
    3-[5,7-Dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chromen-3-yl]-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chroman-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C36H32O16
    3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chroman-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 2-(3-iodophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 1026-41-1 C15H9IO2
    2-(3-iodophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— 8-Fluor-flavonol 2647-25-8 C15H9FO3
    8-Fluor-flavonol
    —— 7-Hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavan —— C16H14O4
    7-Hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavan
    —— (2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]chroman-4-one —— C22H24O11
    (2S,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]chroman-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one —— C19H20O7
    2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one
    —— 8-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-7-methoxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C20H23NO3
    8-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-7-methoxy-3-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one —— C18H18O8
    3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S)-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C20H20O11
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(3S,4S,5S)-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[[(3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxytetrahydropyran-2-yl]methoxy]chroman-4-one —— C21H22O12
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[[(3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxytetrahydropyran-2-yl]methoxy]chroman-4-one
    —— 2-(4-Oxo-2-phenyl-chroman-8-yl)acetic acid —— C17H14O4
    2-(4-Oxo-2-phenyl-chroman-8-yl)acetic acid
    —— cadmium(2+);5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-oxidophenyl)-7-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-olate —— C27H28CdO16
    cadmium(2+);5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-oxidophenyl)-7-oxo-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-olate
    —— [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C30H28O12
    [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-7-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (2S,3R,5S,6R)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol —— C29H35O17+
    (2S,3R,5S,6R)-2-[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
    —— [2-(3,4-Disulfooxyphenyl)-3,5-disulfooxy-chroman-7-yl] hydrogen sulfate —— C15H9K5O21S5
    [2-(3,4-Disulfooxyphenyl)-3,5-disulfooxy-chroman-7-yl] hydrogen sulfate
    —— [2-(3,4-disulfooxyphenyl)-3,5-disulfooxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl] hydrogen sulfate —— C15H14O21S5
    [2-(3,4-disulfooxyphenyl)-3,5-disulfooxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl] hydrogen sulfate
    —— (4R,6S)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.02,7.012,16]hexadeca-1,7,9(16),12,14-pentaen-11-one —— C32H21ClO3
    (4R,6S)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.02,7.012,16]hexadeca-1,7,9(16),12,14-pentaen-11-one
    —— (3R,9R,10R)-10-(2,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-8-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromene-3,5,9-triol —— C31H28O11
    (3R,9R,10R)-10-(2,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-8-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,4,9,10-tetrahydro-2H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromene-3,5,9-triol
    —— (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one —— C33H42O7
    (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,5,7-trimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one —— C35H46O7
    (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,5,7-trimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 2-[3,4-dihydroxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,4,7-trihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-5-one —— C30H34O7
    2-[3,4-dihydroxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3,4,7-trihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-5-one
    —— (2R,3R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one —— C32H40O7
    (2R,3R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one —— C34H44O7
    (2R,3R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one
    —— 3-Benzyloxy-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one —— C41H50O7
    3-Benzyloxy-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chroman-4-one
    —— (2R)-7-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C27H32O14
    (2R)-7-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C21H22ClNO5
    2-(2-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(3S,4R)-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— (2S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,7-diol —— C15H14O3
    (2S)-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-4,7-diol
    —— Bisdemalonylsalvianin 168753-26-2 C36H37O18+
    Bisdemalonylsalvianin
    —— Pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside 56054-42-3 C27H31O14+
    Pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside
    —— 3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4-(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy-6-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C42H41O24+
    3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4-(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy-6-[3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-5-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
    —— 3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid —— C24H22O13
    3-oxo-3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]propanoic acid
    —— pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside betaine —— C27H30O14
    pelargonidin 3-O-rutinoside betaine
    —— 3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid —— C24H22O14
    3-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoic acid
    —— 4'''-Demalonylsalvianin 168753-27-3 C39H39O21+
    4'''-Demalonylsalvianin
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxychromen-7-one —— C16H12O8
    2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxychromen-7-one
    —— malvidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine —— C23H24O12
    malvidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine
    —— 2-[3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoyl]oxy-3-hydroxybutanedioic acid —— C58H58O36
    2-[3-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3-oxopropanoyl]oxy-3-hydroxybutanedioic acid
    —— 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-1-benzopyran-1-ium-3-yl 6-O-[(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside —— C30H27O13+
    2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-1-benzopyran-1-ium-3-yl 6-O-[(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside
    —— pelargonidin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside —— C21H20O10
    pelargonidin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside
    —— shisonin —— C36H37O18
    shisonin
    —— 8-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-5-one —— C25H26O4
    8-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-5-one
    —— 4,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2-phenylchromen-5-one —— C21H20O5
    4,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2-phenylchromen-5-one
    —— 3,4,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)chromen-5-one —— C21H20O6
    3,4,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)chromen-5-one