黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物,属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环(A和B环)和一个三碳环(C环),形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成,包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。
生物来源黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中,常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如,在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。
化学性质 亲水性与溶解度由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基,因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性,这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。
稳定性与光敏性大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定,在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感,容易被氧化,导致颜色变化。
生理活性与药用价值黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注,主要包括:
作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂,被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。
化妆品行业利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性,在化妆品配方中应用广泛。
药物开发由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性,已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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—— | 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[(2S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C28H34O15 |
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—— | (4-Pyrrolidin-1-ylphenyl)methyl 7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-[1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-h]chromene-2-carboxylate | —— | C34H31NO7 |
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—— | (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol | —— | C21H24O12 |
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—— | N-[3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide | —— | C25H24N4O4S |
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—— | 3-[(2'R)-2-amino-3'-methyl-5-oxo-2'-phenylspiro[1H-imidazole-4,4'-2,3-dihydrochromene]-6'-yl]-4-chlorobenzonitrile | —— | C25H19ClN4O2 |
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—— | (7-Hydroxy-6-nonanoyl-3-nonanoyloxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-5-yl) nonanoate | —— | C42H58O8 |
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—— | 4-bromo-8-methoxy-2-(3-methoxy-4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-one | —— | C24H21BrO5 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromene-8-sulfonic acid | —— | C15H10O7S |
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—— | (2R)-2-[3,4-bis(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene | —— | C43H38O5 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C21H22O10 |
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—— | (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5-diol;ethane | —— | C18H22O6 |
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—— | 9,11-Bis(4-bromophenyl)-8-oxa-12,13,15,17-tetrazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.012,16]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,13,15-hexaene | —— | C24H16Br2N4O |
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—— | 2-(3-bromophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4H-chromen-3-one | —— | C15H11BrO3 |
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—— | (2R)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C15H12O6 |
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—— | Ethane;3-methyl-2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C21H26O4S |
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—— | 3-[8,8-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydrochromeno[6,5-f][1,3]benzoxazin-3-yl]propyl N-[3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]carbamate;3-propylspiro[2,4-dihydrochromeno[6,5-f][1,3]benzoxazine-8,9'-fluorene] | —— | C71H75N3O10Si |
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—— | [2,3,4,4-Tetra(butanoyl)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-3-yl] butanoate | —— | C35H44O11 |
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—— | [2-(3,4-Dinitrooxyphenyl)-3,5-dinitrooxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl] nitrate | —— | C15H5N5O17 |
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—— | 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-7-[[5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]methoxy]chromen-4-one | —— | C25H18N2O6 |
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—— | 3-chloro-4-[5,7-dihydroxy-8-[(2S,3R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-4-oxochromen-2-yl]benzoic acid | —— | C22H20ClNO7 |
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—— | [2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl] hydrogen sulfate | —— | C15H10O10S |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]peroxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H18O14 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-ethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | —— | C17H16O5 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | 2-[6-[5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-3-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-2-yl]-2,3-dihydroxyphenyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid | —— | C28H24O17 |
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—— | 5-[1-[4-[3-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxypropoxy]phenyl]ethenyl]-4-hydroxy-3H-1,3-thiazol-2-one | —— | C33H31NO10S |
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—— | (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C21H22O12 |
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—— | (2R,3R)-5,7,2'',4''-tetrahydroxyflavanonol | —— | C15H12O7 |
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—— | [5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl] (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C21H18O11 |
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—— | 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromene-6-sulfonic acid | —— | C17H14O10S |
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—— | [6-Hexadecanoyl-3-hexadecanoyloxy-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-5-yl] hexadecanoate | —— | C63H100O9 |
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—— | 4,5,7-trihydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]-4H-chromen-3-one | —— | C25H22O10 |
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—— | (3aS,4R,9bR)-2-benzylidene-8-phenylmethoxy-4-(4-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]chromene | —— | C39H34O3 |
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—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxychromen-4-one | —— | C21H20O11 |
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—— | 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-[5-[5-[3-(2-fluorophenyl)-3H-benzo[f]chromen-1-yl]thiophen-2-yl]thiophen-2-yl]-3H-benzo[f]chromene | —— | C46H28F2O2S2 |
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—— | [5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl] pentanoate | —— | C20H18O7 |
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—— | 2-chloro-N-[6-[(2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)oxy]pyridin-2-yl]acetamide | —— | C22H19ClN2O3 |
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—— | [5-methyl-2-(2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-3H-chromen-2-yl)phenyl] (4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-oxo-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-1-carboxylate | —— | C30H36O5 |
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—— | (4-Oxo-2-phenylchromen-3-yl) 3,5-dinitrobenzoate | —— | C22H12N2O8 |
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—— | [2-(3-Hydroxy-4-nitrosophenyl)-7-methyl-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxymethylphosphonous acid | —— | C17H14NO7P |
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—— | Methylenedioxyflavone | —— | C16H10O4 |
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—— | N-[4-[4-oxo-7-[(2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-yl)methoxy]chromen-2-yl]phenyl]methanesulfonamide | —— | C26H20N2O6S |
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—— | Ethane;3-methyl-2-phenylchromen-4-one | —— | C24H36O2 |
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—— | 2-phenyl-4H-chromene-3-thione | —— | C15H12OS |
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—— | [5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] (2S,3S,4S,5R)-6-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-7-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C37H36O17 |
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—— | [(2R,4S,6S)-3,4-diacetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-2-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C44H48O23 |
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—— | [(2R,4S,6S)-3,4-diacetyloxy-6-[5-acetyloxy-2-(3,4-diacetyloxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,5S)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate | —— | C46H50O25 |
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—— | 2,2,2-Trihydroxyethyl 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydrochromene-2-carboxylate | —— | C18H18O6 |
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—— | 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;2,2-dimethylpropane | —— | C26H38O7 |
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—— | Methyl 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-butoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromene-3-carboxylate;methyl 6-methyl-4-oxochromene-3-carboxylate | —— | C34H32O11 |
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