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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 苯丙烷和聚酮 黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物

    黄酮类化合物 定义与结构特征

    黄酮类化合物是一大类天然存在的有机化合物，属于酚类衍生物。它们的分子结构通常包含两个苯环（A和B环）和一个三碳环（C环），形成一个基本骨架。该骨架由多个亚结构组成，包括黄烷醇、黄酮、黄酮醇等。

    生物来源

    黄酮类化合物广泛存在于植物界中，常见于许多蔬菜、水果及中药中。例如，在大豆、柑橘、茶叶和甘草中都可以找到它们的身影。

    化学性质 亲水性与溶解度

    由于其分子结构中含有多个酚羟基，因此具有一定的亲水性和良好的溶解性，这使得黄酮类化合物在药物设计中扮演重要角色。

    稳定性与光敏性

    大多数黄酮类化合物相对稳定，在适宜条件下不易发生降解。但某些类型的黄酮对光照比较敏感，容易被氧化，导致颜色变化。

    生理活性与药用价值

    黄酮类化合物因其丰富的生理活性而备受关注，主要包括：

    • 抗氧化作用：可有效清除体内自由基，保护细胞免受损伤。
    • 抗炎效应：有助于减轻炎症反应，缓解症状。
    • 心血管保护：可能通过多种机制改善心脑血管健康。
    • 抗癌潜力：研究表明某些黄酮类物质具有抑制肿瘤生长的能力。
    应用领域 食品工业

    作为一种天然色素和抗氧化剂，被广泛应用于食品加工中以提高其保质期及营养价值。

    化妆品行业

    利用其良好的生物相容性和抗衰老特性，在化妆品配方中应用广泛。

    药物开发

    由于黄酮类化合物展现出广泛的药理活性，已成为新药研发的重要候选目标之一。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— leucodelphinidin 126721-84-4 C15H14O8
    leucodelphinidin
    —— 9,19-Dimethoxy-18-methyl-5,13-diphenyl-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2,8,10,15(20),16,18-hexaen-17-ol —— C33H30O6
    9,19-Dimethoxy-18-methyl-5,13-diphenyl-4,12,14-trioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.02,11.03,8.015,20]henicosa-2,8,10,15(20),16,18-hexaen-17-ol
    —— 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C28H30O16
    3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphenyl]-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yl)flavone —— C21H20O6
    3,5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-en-1-yl)flavone
    —— 2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one —— C24H26O11
    2-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one
    —— 3-[3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one —— C39H50O27
    3-[3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 7-Methoxy-8-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-2-phenylchromen-4-one —— C22H22O4
    7-Methoxy-8-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)-2-phenylchromen-4-one
    —— 6-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O14
    6-[3,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 3-(1-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-7-methoxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one —— C34H33N3O7
    3-(1-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-8-yl)-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl)-7-methoxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one
    —— 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-6,7-diyl diacetate 731817-58-6 C19H14O7
    5-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-6,7-diyl diacetate
    —— 2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C19H20O7
    2-(2,6-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone tetraacetate 6599-89-9 C23H20O10
    5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone tetraacetate
    —— 10-Cyclohexyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione —— C24H22O8
    10-Cyclohexyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione
    —— 6-Hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one —— C20H16O4
    6-Hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one
    —— Amyrisin A —— C21H20O6
    Amyrisin A
    —— Wogonin, TMS —— C22H28O5Si2
    Wogonin, TMS
    —— 4',5'-Dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone —— C17H14O6
    4',5'-Dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone
    —— 3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-{[5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C23H22O12
    3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-{[5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 6-[2-[4-[4-[7-(6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]phenyl]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C43H36O22
    6-[2-[4-[4-[7-(6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]phenyl]-5-hydroxy-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— [2-[1-[5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-oxobenzo[7]annulen-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate 30462-35-2 C43H32O20
    [2-[1-[5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-oxobenzo[7]annulen-8-yl]-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
    —— 5-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal —— C20H18O11
    5-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentanal
    —— [2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] acetate —— C30H34O16
    [2-[5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-8-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-6-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl] acetate
    —— 7-(2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one —— C23H24N2O5
    7-(2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy)-5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one
    —— Calomelanol I —— C24H18O6
    Calomelanol I
    —— 3',4'-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone 80140-31-4 C19H18O8
    3',4'-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C25H26O6
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-5-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate —— C29H35O16+
    [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-5-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate
    —— 6-(6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid —— C27H26O17
    6-(6-Carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxochromen-7-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Catechin 5-glucoside 88126-53-8 C21H24O11
    Catechin 5-glucoside
    —— 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C39H50O24
    5,7-Dihydroxy-3-[5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside —— C27H30O15
    Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside
    —— 2-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one 110048-36-7 C19H20O6
    2-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-chroman-4-one
    —— Bartramia-triluteolin —— C45H26O18
    Bartramia-triluteolin
    —— 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl decanoate 306732-02-5 C26H30O5
    2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl decanoate
    —— 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)methyl]chromen-4-one —— C25H26O6
    3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-[(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)methyl]chromen-4-one
    —— 2-[2,2-Dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one —— C30H36O4
    2-[2,2-Dimethyl-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]-8,8-dimethyl-2,3,9,10-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-4-one
    —— quercetagetin 3,3-dimethyl ether 36034-36-3 C17H14O8
    quercetagetin 3,3-dimethyl ether
    —— 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxychromen-4-one —— C18H16O9
    3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-methoxychromen-4-one
    —— 3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one —— C32H38O17
    3-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one
    —— 3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C26H28O15
    3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione —— C28H19NO9
    2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-10-(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromene-4,8-dione
    —— Albanin C 73343-43-8 C25H26O7
    Albanin C
    —— (5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl) 2-methylbutanoate —— C20H20O6
    (5,7-Dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-3-yl) 2-methylbutanoate
    —— 2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol —— C21H22O11
    2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— 7-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)chromen-4-one —— C33H40O17
    7-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)chromen-4-one
    —— 7-Methoxy-8-[2-methoxy-5-(7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C34H30O8
    7-Methoxy-8-[2-methoxy-5-(7-methoxy-4-oxo-2,3-dihydrochromen-2-yl)phenyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one —— C23H26O11
    5-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— [3,4-dihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate —— C43H51O23+
    [3,4-dihydroxy-6-[[7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2H-chromen-1-ium-3-yl]oxy]-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— methyl 3-(1-isobutyl-6-methoxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)-3-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-8-yl)propanoate —— C33H31NO9
    methyl 3-(1-isobutyl-6-methoxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)-3-(5,6,7-trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-8-yl)propanoate
    —— 3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one —— C27H30O15
    3-[3,4-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one